1st EFORT European Consensus "Medical & Scientific Research Requirements for the Clinical Introduction of Artificial Joint Arthroplasty Devices": Background, Delphi Methodology & Consensus process.

The objectives of the 1st EFORT European Consensus on 'Medical and Scientific Research Requirements for the Clinical Introduction of Artificial Joint Arthroplasty Devices' were foremost to focus on patient safety by establishing performance requirements for medical devices. The 1st EFORT European Consensus applied an a priori-defined, modified Delphi methodology to produce unbiased, high-quality recommendation statements, confirmed by consensus voting of a European expert panel. Intended key outcomes are practical guidelines justified by the current stage of knowledge and based on a broad European Expert Consensus, to maintain innovation and optimisation of orthopaedic devices within the boundaries of MDR 2017/745.

Genetic Variability, Population Differentiation, and Correlations for Thermal Tolerance Indices in the Minute Wasp, .

Temperature is a main driver of the ecology and evolution of ectotherms. In particular, the ability to move at sub-lethal low temperatures can be described through three thermal tolerance indices-critical thermal minimum (CTmin), chill coma temperature (CCT), and activity recovery (AR). Although these indices have proven relevant for inter-specific comparisons, little is known about their intraspecific variability as well as possible genetic correlations between them.

Influence of heat treatment on structural, mechanical and wear properties of crosslinked UHMWPE.

New crosslinked ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes (UHMWPEs) have recently been developed, characterized and introduced in clinical applications. UHMWPE cross-linking treatments are very promising for reducing osteolysis induced by wear debris. The irradiation type, gamma or beta, the dosage and the thermal treatment performed during or following the irradiation process are all factors affecting polyethylene wear resistance.

[Infection by the HIV virus and transfusions. Study of 38 pediatric cases].

We report the cases of 38 children with transfusion-associated HIV infection: 18 hemophiliacs and 2 patients with Von Willebrand disease, 6 with hemoglobinopathies, 8 with malignant diseases or aplastic anemia, 2 transfused during neonatal period and 2 during a surgical operation. Two groups with a different prognosis were found: In group A [hemophilia and Von Willebrand disease (n = 20)] 17 patients were asymptomatic or only with lymphadenopathy; 3 reached stage IV and none died. In group B [Others (n = 14)] 2 patients were asymptomatic, 4 reached stage IV and 8 died, 4 of them directly from AIDS.

Response of broiler chickens to addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate and roxarsone to diets containing halofuginone.

Studies were conducted at six locations over a 7-yr period to evaluate the response of broiler chickens to bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) and roxarsone in the presence of diets containing 3 ppm halofuginone/kg feed. Treatments consisted of a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with 0 or 55 mg BMD and 0 or 50 mg roxarsone/kg feed. These additives were fed beginning with day-old chicks and were removed 6 days before termination of the study, which varied in length from 48 to 56 days among locations.

[Blood coagulation during prolonged postoperative parenteral feeding containing lipids].

Blood coagulation was studied in two groups of fifteen patients of the same type during parenteral nutrition lasting for more then ten days and given during the postoperative period. The first batch of patients, taken as a control group, received parenteral nutrition with carbohydrates and proteins, whilst the second group received lipids in addition. Study of blood coagulation, carried out every three days, involved : thromboelastogen on whole blood and plasma, platelet count, platelet adhesiveness and the estimation of factors II, V, VII and X, fibrinogen, plasminogen and fibrinogen break-down products.

[Circulating lipids in prolonged postoperative parenteral feeding: their changes depending on the nature of energy intake].

Repeated estimations of circulating total lipids and various fractions were made during the postoperative period in patients receiving parenteral nutrition for more than ten days. The patients were paired in relation to the underlying pathology and divided into two group : the first receiving energy supplements in the form of carbohydrates alone, whilst the second received part of this supply in the form of lipid emulsions (Trive 1000). Total lipids and various plasma fractions, with the exception of free fatty acids, increased progressively during the postoperative period, regardless of the inital values and independently of the lipid content of the nutrition fluids given.

[Action of Trivé 1000 on hemostasis and hematocrit].

The action of lipids on haemostasis has already been shown. The authors study possible changes of haemostasis induced by the use of a substance: Trive 1000 containing 3.8 g of Soya oil and 0.

The addition of fowlpox and pigeon pox vaccine to Marek's vaccine for broilers.

Laboratory and field studies indicated that a cell-culture fowlpox vaccine was effective and safe when administered subcutaneously to day-old broiler chicks in combination with cell-associated Marek's vaccine without compromising the latter. Pox vaccines of chick embryo origin evaluated similarly provided excellent protection, although they caused local musculature swelling when injected into muscle rather than under the skin. No muscle swelling followed improper vaccination with the cell-culture fowlpox vaccine.