Effect of CCK-1 receptor blockade on ghrelin and PYY secretion in men.

Cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY (PYY), and ghrelin have been proposed to act as satiety hormones. CCK and PYY are stimulated during meal intake by the presence of nutrients in the small intestine, especially fat, whereas ghrelin is inhibited by eating. The sequence of events (fat intake followed by fat hydrolysis and CCK release) suggests that this process is crucial for triggering the effects.

Effects of a preload on reduction of food intake by GLP-1 in healthy subjects.

Background/aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) inhibits food intake in animals and humans. Whether GLP-1 interacts with other satiety signals to modulate food intake is unknown. We investigated therefore in healthy volunteers the potential interactions of GLP-1 with signals from the stomach in regulating food intake.

Effect of gastric distension prior to eating on food intake and feelings of satiety in humans.

The factors that regulate food intake and satiation are complex; it has been suggested that signals arising from the small intestine and the stomach play an important role. It is still unknown, to what extent pure mechanical distension of the gastric fundus and antrum can alter food intake. Our aim was therefore to investigate whether transient gastric fundus and antrum distension applied prior to meal ingestion can trigger satiation in healthy humans.

Effect of peptide YY3-36 on food intake in humans.

Background & Aims: Studies in animals and humans suggest a role for peptide YY (PYY3-36) in regulating satiety. The physiologic role of PYY3-36, however, has not been investigated in detail.

Methods: The present study was designed to examine PYY release in response to 2 meals differing in their calorie content and to relate the plasma levels to those obtained after exogenous infusion.

Effect of a protein preload on food intake and satiety feelings in response to duodenal fat perfusions in healthy male subjects.

The control of food intake and satiety requires a coordinated interplay. Oral protein and duodenal fat inhibit food intake and induce satiety, but their interactive potential is unclear. Our aim was therefore to investigate the interactions between an oral protein preload and intraduodenal (ID) fat on food intake and satiety feelings.