The effect of trapidil and bevacizumab on tracheal anastomotic wound healing.

Background: Although bevacizumab has deleterious effects on the healing of colonic anastomoses, trapidil improves wound healing of colonic and tracheal anastomoses.

Objective: We aimed to assess the effects of bevacizumab and trapidil on wound healing after tracheal transection.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 35 rats divided in 5 groups: bevacizumab (Group I, n = 7), trapidil (Group II, n = 7), trapidil + bevacizumab (Group III, n = 7), controls (Group IV, n = 7), and sham (Group V, n = 7).

Indacaterol once-daily provides superior efficacy to salmeterol twice-daily in COPD: a 12-week study.

Background: Indacaterol is a novel, inhaled once-daily ultra-long-acting β(2)-agonist for the treatment of COPD.

Methods: This 12-week randomised, parallel-group study compared the efficacy of indacaterol 150 μg once-daily to salmeterol 50 μg twice-daily in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. Assessments included FEV(1) standardised area under curve (AUC) from 5 min to 11 h 45 min at Week 12 (primary endpoint), 24-h trough FEV(1) (mean of 23 h 10 min and 23 h 45 min post-dose) at Week 12 (key secondary endpoint), FEV(1) and FVC measured over 24-h, transition dyspnoea index (TDI) and rescue medication use.

Provocation of delayed-onset muscle soreness in the human jaw-closing muscles.

Eccentric contractions of jaw-closing muscles are difficult to perform. This may explain why fatigue-inducing experiments performed so far suggest the jaw-closing muscles to be fatigue resistant. Aim of this study was to construct an apparatus that can impose intense eccentric contractions to the jaw-closing muscles, and to test the hypothesis that eccentric contractions can provoke symptoms of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in these muscles.

[How exactly can we predict the prognosis of COPD].

Predictive models play a pivotal role in the provision of accurate and useful probabilistic assessments of clinical outcomes in chronic diseases. This study was aimed to develop a dedicated prognostic index for quantifying progression risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Data were collected prospectively from 75 COPD patients during a three years period.

[Effect of dynamic hyperinflation on exertional dyspnea, exercise performance and quality of life in COPD].

There is increasing evidence that dynamic hyperinflation (DH) have negative effects on exercise performance and quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of dynamic hyperinflation on exertional dyspnea, exercise performance and quality of life in patients with COPD. 72 clinically stable patients with moderate to severe COPD and 30 healthy age-matched control subjects were included in this study.

[Predictive factors associated with severity of asthma exacerbations].

Several factors have been accused for asthma exacerbations, however, very few studies have evaluated whether different factors predict severity of asthma exacerbation. We aimed to determine the predictive factors for severity of asthma exacerbation. Retrospective analysis of data on 93 patients visited our emergency-department because of asthma exacerbation was reviewed.

Bronchoscopy is associated with decreased mesenteric arterial flow.

Background: We hypothesized that fiberoptic bronchoscopy can contribute to mesenteric ischemia and bacterial translocation.

Objective: To test this hypothesis we investigated in patients undergoing bronchoscopy mesenteric blood flow and markers in association with ischemia reperfusion injury.

Patient: Forty-seven consecutive patients requiring diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy were studied.

Relationship between airway colonization, inflammation and exacerbation frequency in COPD.

Rationale: To evaluate bacterial colonization and the airway inflammatory response, and its relationship to the frequency of exacerbation in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Quantitative bacteriologic cultures, neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-8 were measured in bronchoalveoler lavage (BAL) in 39 patients with stable COPD [19 with frequent exacerbation (> or = 3/year), and 20 with infrequent] and in 18 healthy controls (10 smokers and 8 non-smokers).

Results: BAL revealed the microorganisms with potential pathogenicity above the established threshold (> or = 10(3)cfu/ml) in 68.

Oxygen supplementation during airway instrumentation improves intestinal barrier dysfunction.

Background/purpose: The study investigates the effect of airway instrumentation on the histopathology of the intestine, contribution of bacterial translocation, and whether oxygen supplementation may counteract the possible detrimental effects of this procedure.

Methods: Fifty-five Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups. Group 1 served as control.

N-acetylcysteine protects the rats against phrenic nerve dysfunction in sepsis.

This study investigates the association of oxidative stress with the function of the phrenic nerve and inquires whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may counteract the possible detrimental effects. Thirty rats were divided into three groups: sham, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP plus NAC treatment. Sepsis was produced by the CLP procedure.

Cough headache: frequency, characteristics and the relationship with the characteristics of cough.

Cough headache (CH) is a relatively rare, but an important complication of cough. The aim of this cross-sectional clinical study was to evaluate the frequency, characteristics and etiology of CH among the patients referred to our Outpatient Department with the complaint of cough, and to investigate the relationship between their cough and headache characteristics. We evaluated 96 females and 69 males, a total of 165 patients with cough.

Effects of triazolopyrimidine on lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels in the corticosteroid-impaired healing of rat tracheal anastomoses.

Corticosteroids are used to reduce the oedema and prevent scar tissue formation of the upper airways by their ability to inhibit influx of inflammatory cells, limit capillary permeability and block collagen synthesis in the early stages of wound healing. Triazolopyrimidine (Trapidil) is an antiplatelet agent that acts in part as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and as a competitive inhibitor of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor. Trapidil, with its vasodilator and NO releasing effect may have some potential to diminish the tissue injury.

Gut decontamination prevents bronchoscopy-induced bacterial translocation. An experimental study in rats.

Background: Selective gut decontamination is suggested to suppress the gram-negative bacterial overgrowth in the intestine and consequently to reduce bacterial translocation.

Objective: The purpose of the present study is to examine the effects of gut decontamination on bronchoscopy-induced bacterial translocation, and intestinal mucosal injury.

Methods: Forty-five rats were assigned into three groups.

The effects of hormone replacement therapy type on pulmonary functions in postmenopausal women.

Objective: To study whether hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or Tibolone has an effect on pulmonary function in postmenopausal women.

Methods: Seventy-five postmenopausal women without any risk factor for pulmonary disease were included in this randomized, prospective study. Fifty women had undergone natural menopause and 25 had had a hysterectomy/ooforectomy.

Bronchoscopy induces intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction: a possible role for nitric oxide.

Objective: This study investigates the effect of bronchoscopy on intestinal mucosal barrier function and its association with intestinal nitric oxide production.

Methods: 30 rats were used. The study group (n=15) underwent rigid bronchoscopy.

Systolic pulmonary artery pressure and serum uric acid levels in patients with hyperthyroidism.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) and serum uric acid (SUA) levels in patients with hyperthyroidism and after euthyroid state was reached.

Methods: Twenty five (10 male, 15 female, mean age 49.8 +/- 11.

The effects of dexamethasone on lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels on the healing of tracheal anastomoses: an experimental study in rats.

Corticosteroids are shown to have deleterious effects on wound healing for various tissues. Arginine metabolism and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis play an important role in many aspects of inflammation and wound healing. The study was designed to evaluate the relationship of dexamethasone impaired healing of tracheal anastomoses to NO metabolism and lipid peroxidation.

Electrophysiological and histopathological evaluation of respiratory tract, diaphragm, and phrenic nerve after dichlorvos inhalation in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-related effects of dichlorvos inhalation on electrophysiological alterations of diaphragm and phrenic nerve and the changes in the histologic structure of respiratory system. This study was performed on 33 rats divided into 5 groups, inhaling 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 microg/L of dichlorvos, respectively. Electrodiagnostic investigations of diaphragm and phrenic nerve were made before and after inhalations.

The effects of corticosteroids on the healing of tracheal anastomoses in a rat model.

The deleterious effects of corticosteroids on anastomotic healing have been widely demonstrated in various tissues. This study is designed to investigate the effects of corticosteroids on the healing of tracheal anastomoses. Forty-two adult female Wistar rats, randomly divided into five groups, underwent tracheal transection and primary anastomoses.