Publications by authors named "Sian Sweetland"
The associations of certain factors, such as age and menopausal hormone therapy, with breast cancer risk are known to differ for interval and screen-detected cancers. However, the extent to which associations of other established breast cancer risk factors differ by mode of detection is unclear. We investigated associations of a wide range of risk factors using data from a large UK cohort with linkage to the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme, cancer registration, and other health records.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The strong association of body mass index (BMI) with increased oesophageal adenocarcinoma risk is established, but its relationship with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma is less clear. There is little evidence regarding the association of abdominal adiposity with either subtype.
Methods: In a large prospective cohort of women in the UK, mean age 56.
argue that risk stratification by age and sex should be used to help manage demand on breast clinics efficiently to minimise delays in diagnosis
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although dementia is associated with non-participation in cognitive and social activities, this association might merely reflect the consequences of dementia, rather than any direct effect of non-participation on the subsequent incidence of dementia. Because of the slowness with which dementia can develop, unbiased assessment of any such direct effects must relate non-participation in such activities to dementia detection rates many years later. Prospective studies with long-term follow-up can help achieve this by analysing separately the first and second decade of follow-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevious studies on the association of adiposity with endometrial cancer risk have mostly used body mass index (BMI) as the main exposure of interest. Whether more precise measures of body fat, such as body fat percentage and fat mass estimated by bioimpedance analyses, are better indicators of risk than BMI is unknown. The role of central adiposity and fat-free mass in endometrial cancer development remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Alcohol intake may be associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease (PD), but findings from previous studies have been inconclusive.
Objective: To determine the association between alcohol intake and PD risk in the Million Women Study, a large, prospective study of women in the UK.
Methods: Between 1996 and 2001, approximately 1.
Background: Available evidence on diet and glioma risk comes mainly from studies with retrospective collection of dietary data. To minimize possible differential dietary recall between those with and without glioma, we present findings from 3 large prospective studies.
Methods: Participants included 692 176 from the UK Million Women Study, 470 780 from the US National Institutes of Health-AARP study, and 99 148 from the US Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.
Background: Some investigators have reported an excess risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with depression and with use of antidepressant drugs. We explored these associations in a large prospective study of UK women.
Methods And Results: The Million Women Study recruited 1.
Background: Evidence about the effect of smoking on venous thromboembolism risk, generally and in the postoperative period, is limited and inconsistent. We examined the incidence of venous thromboembolism in relation to smoking habits, both in the absence of surgery and in the first 12 postoperative weeks, in a large prospective study of women in the United Kingdom.
Methods And Results: During 6 years' follow-up of 1 162 718 women (mean age 56 years), 4630 were admitted to hospital for or died of venous thromboembolism.
Background: Obesity and surgery are known risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE), but there is limited information about the independent effects of obesity on the incidence of postoperative VTE. We linked questionnaire data from the Million Women Study with hospital admission and death records to examine the risk of VTE in relation to body mass index (BMI) both in the absence of surgery and in the first 12 weeks following an operation.
Methods And Results: Overall, 1 170 495 women (mean age, 56.
Objective: To examine the duration and magnitude of increased risk of venous thromboembolism after different types of surgery.
Design: Prospective cohort study (Million Women Study).
Setting: Questionnaire data from the Million Women Study linked with hospital admission and death records.
Objective: To determine whether transdermal compared with oral use of hormone replacement therapy reduces the risk of gallbladder disease in postmenopausal women.
Design: Prospective cohort study (Million Women Study).
Setting: Women registered with the National Health Service (NHS) in England and Scotland.
Background: Combined oral contraceptives are classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a cause of cervical cancer. As the incidence of cervical cancer increases with age, the public-health implications of this association depend largely on the persistence of effects long after use of oral contraceptives has ceased. Information from 24 studies worldwide is pooled here to investigate the association between cervical carcinoma and pattern of oral contraceptive use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To examine the validity of self-reported primary hip replacement, primary knee replacement, and cholecystectomy.
Study Design And Setting: The data from 28,524 participants in the Million Women Study who were recruited from Scotland were linked with routinely collected Scottish hospital admission data. We compared the reporting of three operations by the study participants on a postal questionnaire with that recorded in the hospital admission database.