Lower [F]fallypride binding to dopamine D receptors in frontal brain areas in adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a positron emission tomography study.

Background: The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is caused by a deletion on chromosome 22 locus q11.2.

Striatal dopamine release and impaired reinforcement learning in adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion on chromosome 22q11.2 and associated with an increased risk for developing psychosis.

Metabolic tumour volume of anal carcinoma on (18)FDG PET/CT before combined radiochemotherapy is the only independant determinant of recurrence free survival.

Aim: to determine whether [(18)F]2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography and X-ray computed tomography (PET/CT) findings and metabolic parameters before combined chemo- and radiotherapy (CRT) have a prognostic value in patients with anal carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: 45 patients with anal cancer who underwent pre-treatment FDG-PET/CT were included. Metabolic parameters, recurrence and anal carcinoma specific survival were analyzed.

Effects of Smoking Cessation on Presynaptic Dopamine Function of Addicted Male Smokers.

Background: There is evidence of abnormal cerebral dopamine transmission in nicotine-dependent smokers, but it is unclear whether dopaminergic abnormalities are due to acute nicotine abuse or whether they persist with abstinence. We addressed this question by conducting longitudinal positron emission tomography (PET) examination of smokers before and after 3 months of abstinence.

Methods: We obtained baseline 6-[(18)F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA)-PET scans in 15 nonsmokers and 30 nicotine-dependent smokers, who either smoked as per their usual habit or were in acute withdrawal.

MAOA-VNTR polymorphism modulates context-dependent dopamine release and aggressive behavior in males.

A recent [(18)F]FDOPA-PET study reports negative correlations between dopamine synthesis rates and aggressive behavior. Since dopamine is among the substrates for monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), this investigation examines whether functional allelic variants of the MAOA tandem repeat (VNTR) promotor polymorphism, which is known to modulate aggressive behavior, influences dopamine release and aggression in response to violent visual stimuli. We selected from a genetic prescreening sample, strictly case-matched groups of 2×12 healthy male subjects with VNTRs predictive of high (MAOA-High) and low (MAOA-Low) MAOA expression.

Comparison of automatic versus manual procedures for the quantification of dopamine D2 receptor availability using I-123-IBZM-SPECT.

Introduction: I-123-IBZM-SPECT is often used to differentiate between idiopathic Parkinson's syndrome and atypical parkinsonian syndromes. The aim of this study was to compare three different procedures to quantify the receptor availability of striatal dopamine D2 receptors. (a) Manual quantification performed using individually adjusted volume of interests sets (mVoi).

Acute and sustained effects of methylphenidate on cognition and presynaptic dopamine metabolism: an [18F]FDOPA PET study.

Methylphenidate (MPH) inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and noradrenaline. PET studies with MPH challenge show increased competition at postsynaptic D2/3-receptors, thus indirectly revealing presynaptic dopamine release. We used [(18)F]fluorodopamine ([(18)F]FDOPA)-PET in conjunction with the inlet-outlet model (IOM) of Kumakura et al.