Voltage-gated ion channels in cultured gill epithelia of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, change in transcript abundance with exposure to freshwater.

Salmonid fishes are well adapted to transition between salinities as part of a diadromid lifestyle, and many species are both economically and environmentally important. Ion-transporting gill epithelium helps fishes maintain ion balance during salinity transition. Recent transcriptomic surveys suggest that voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) are present in gill epithelium of fishes.

Development and Validation of a Heat Risk Mitigation Tool for Burn Survivors.

Purpose: Burn survivors have an increased risk for heat related illnesses, and a heightened perceptual strain during exercise (thereby impeding physical activity), both due to impaired body temperature regulation. We developed and validated a freely deployed online model that burn survivors can use to estimate their heat risk during physical activity.

Methods: Model inputs included environmental conditions, physical activity intensity and duration, body size, clothing, and burn injury size.

Assessment of groundwater quality and soil properties in recharge and discharge areas of a basement environment.

This study examined the interaction between soil and groundwater in a recharge and discharge areas of Akungba-Akoko, Southwestern Nigeria. Ten water samples (R1-R5 from the recharge and D6-D10 from the discharge areas) and ten soil samples from trial pits were collected and analyzed for hydrochemical parameters (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cl, SO, NO, PO, Fe, Zn, and Pb) and geotechnical investigation. Ten Schlumberger vertical electrical sounding (VES) were carried out to determine the subsurface resistivity distribution.

Effect of burn injury size on cardiovascular responses to exercise in the heat.

We tested the hypothesis that due to well recognized thermoregulatory impairments, resulting in greater thermal strain, adults with well healed burn injuries will have heightened cardiovascular responses to exercise in the heat. Adults with burn injuries covering 20-40% body surface area (n = 10), > 40% body surface area (n = 11), and non-burned controls (n = 10) performed 1 h of treadmill walking at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (~ 4.5 w/kg) in the heat (39 °C, 40% relative humidity).

Patterns of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) validity scale elevation across veterans seen in a Veterans Affairs (VA) assessment clinic: The impact of compensation status.

The purpose of this investigation is to provide descriptive information on veteran response styles for compensation and pension (C&P) evaluations Veterans Affairs (VA) referral types using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), which has well-supported embedded validity scales capturing invalid response styles. The total sample included 356 veterans from a single VA psychological testing clinic who were administered the MMPI-2-RF during a broader psychological evaluation, with 201 veterans undergoing C&P evaluations. This study examines frequencies of protocol invalidity based on the MMPI-2-RF's validity scales and provides comprehensive descriptive findings on validity scale scores across appointment types (i.

Early Childhood Concerns: Counseling on Sleep Issues, Thumb-Sucking, Picky Eating, School Readiness, and Oral Health.

Common early childhood concerns and behaviors include sleep issues, thumb-sucking, pacifier use, picky eating, school readiness, and oral health. Family physicians must recognize when these indicate an underlying disorder and offer constructive and evidence-based strategies to support healthy child development and family well-being. Behavioral interventions and education to address sleep issues can alleviate stress and decrease fatigue for the whole family.

Impact of dumpsite compost on heavy metal accumulation in some cultivated plants.

The study examines the concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural soil, compost from landfills, maize plants, and spinach crops. The results show that compost from landfills had levels exceeding EU requirements for Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. However, agricultural soil contained trace amounts of heavy metals.

The urgency of now to end HIV vertical transmission for pregnant and breastfeeding women and their children in Asia and the Pacific.

The global strategy to #EndAIDS is underpinned by a call to end all inequities and to ensure no-one is left behind; but inequities continue, and people are still being left behind. Despite the advances seen in some populations and in some geographical areas, with ongoing high rates of HIV vertical transmission, ending HIV for pregnant and breastfeeding women and their children must be prioritised urgently. Focused on Asia and the Pacific, the region with the second largest number of people with HIV, in this viewpoint we highlight the heterogenous nature of global and regional success in eliminating vertical transmission of HIV.

Measuring the Impact of Healthcare Provider Availability on Quality of Care and Disease Burden in Ohio: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Chronic lower respiratory disease, heart disease, and diabetes have a higher prevalence in rural areas. Previous studies raise concerns that a lower supply of physicians is associated with negative outcomes.

Objective: To assess disease burden across the 88 counties in Ohio, including Appalachian and non-Appalachian counties, and examine associations with the number of healthcare providers.

Correction: A prospective cohort study of dynamic cell-free DNA elevation during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Subpopulation Changes in Reaction to an Acute Psychosocial Stressor as Compared to an Active Placebo-Stressor in Healthy Young Males: Mediating Effects of Major Stress-Reactive Endocrine Parameters.

Psychosocial stress has been proposed to induce a redistribution of immune cells, but a comparison with an active placebo-psychosocial stress control condition is lacking so far. We investigated immune cell redistribution due to psychosocial stress compared to that resulting from an active placebo-psychosocial stress but otherwise identical control condition. Moreover, we tested for mediating effects of endocrine parameters and blood volume changes.

CD4 T cells re-wire granuloma cellularity and regulatory networks to promote immunomodulation following Mtb reinfection.

Immunological priming-in the context of either prior infection or vaccination-elicits protective responses against subsequent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. However, the changes that occur in the lung cellular milieu post-primary Mtb infection and their contributions to protection upon reinfection remain poorly understood. Using clinical and microbiological endpoints in a non-human primate reinfection model, we demonstrated that prior Mtb infection elicited a long-lasting protective response against subsequent Mtb exposure and was CD4 T cell dependent.

Hepatitis Delta Virus Surveillance Practice among Clinicians in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: The near total absence of routine Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) screening in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa is a major challenge to understanding the burden of HDV in the region.

Aim: To evaluate Hepatitis Delta Virus screening practices and associated factors among clinicians in Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in June-July 2022, in which a self-administered questionnaire that inquired about HDV awareness, screening practices, and treatment options was shared electronically with consenting clinicians practicing in Nigeria.

Comparison of Trifecta and Pentafecta Outcomes across 3 Surgical Modalities of Partial Nephrectomy (PN) - Open, Lap, and Robotic.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common solid tumor in the kidney (90%), accounting for about 3% of all cancers in adults. Partial nephrectomy (PN) is the surgical procedure primarily used for the treatment of localized kidney tumors. Two commonly used terms to describe the complexity and success of a partial nephrectomy procedure are "trifecta" and "pentafecta.

Non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in three tertiary hospitals in Nigeria.

Objective: This study aimed to assess hepatic fibrosis, using noninvasive tests, among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria.

Methods: The study was a retrospective cross-sectional, hospital-based, multicentered study. The data of adult Nigerians who were aged 18 years and above who had been diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B infection and were not on treatment were extracted from three tertiary health institutions across Nigeria.

Health systems in India: analysing barriers to inclusive health leadership through a gender lens.

Using India as a case study, argue that considering how gender perspectives operate within health systems and society can help achieve more inclusive health leadership

Increased daytime and awakening salivary free aldosterone in essential hypertensive men.

Background: While aldosterone plays an important role in blood pressure regulation, its role in essential hypertension (EHT) remains unclear. Here, we systematically investigated the secretion of biologically-active free aldosterone in saliva in response to awakening (AldAR) and during the day (AldDay) in EHT compared to normotensive controls (NT).

Methods: In 30 men with EHT and 30 age-matched NT, AldAR saliva samples were collected immediately after awakening and 15, 30, 45, and 60 min thereafter and AldDay samples were collected from 08:30-22:00 h on two consecutive days.

Comparative Bioinformatic Analysis Reveals Conserved Regions in SARS-CoV-2 Genome for RAPID Pandemic Response.

In the face of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, characterized by the virus's rapid mutation rates, developing timely and targeted therapeutic and diagnostic interventions presents a significant challenge. This study utilizes bioinformatic analyses to pinpoint conserved genomic regions within SARS-CoV-2, offering a strategic advantage in the fight against this and future pathogens. Our approach has enabled the creation of a diagnostic assay that is not only rapid, reliable, and cost-effective but also possesses a remarkable capacity to detect a wide array of current and prospective variants with unmatched precision.

Heavy metal pollution indices in soil and plants within the vicinity of the Gosa Dumpsite in Abuja, Nigeria.

Heavy metal contamination in the soil and phytoremediation potential of the plants cultivated around the Gosa dumpsite were evaluated using pollution indices. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil and plant samples were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Agilent 280FS AA). The mean heavy metal contents in the upper and lower soil layers ranged from 0.

Our Experience of OSAKA Regimen (Bladder Preservation) in Patients with Advanced Bladder Cancer.

Introduction And Objectives: OSAKA regimen is a novel bladder preservation therapy involving balloon-occluded selective arterial infusion of radio-sensitizing chemotherapeutic agent with concurrent hemodialysis (HD), followed by radiation therapy. Objectives are to study the feasibility of this novel regimen in patients with advanced cancer bladder (Ca Bladder).

Methods: Two patients having advanced Ca Bladder with cisplatin ineligibility and poor performance status were managed with OSAKA regimen.

Activation of cardiac parasympathetic and sympathetic activity occurs at different skin temperatures during face cooling.

Sufficiently cold-water temperatures (<7°C) are needed to elicit the sympathetic response to the cold pressor test using the hand. However, it is not known if stimulating the trigeminal nerve via face cooling, which increases both sympathetic and cardiac parasympathetic activity, also has a threshold temperature. We tested the hypothesis that peak autonomic activation during a progressive face cooling challenge would be achieved when the stimulus temperature is ≤7°C.