Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Mechanistic Insights of Rubrolide Analogues as Antitumor Agents.

Marine natural products and their analogues have as of now been acknowledged as an important source of bioactive molecules for the treatment of cancer. Rubrolides, a unique group of -butenolides derived from marine microorganisms, have shown strong cytotoxic activity against various tumor cells. In this study, we synthesized and characterized 21 rubrolide analogues (including 16 new compounds) and investigated their antitumor activities in order to screen more active molecules and elucidate their mechanism of action.

Targeting the immune privilege of tumor-initiating cells to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) possess the ability to evade anti-tumor immunity, potentially explaining many failures of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we identify CD49f as a prominent marker for discerning TICs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), outperforming other commonly used TIC markers. CD49f-high TICs specifically recruit tumor-promoting neutrophils via the CXCL2-CXCR2 axis and create an immunosuppressive milieu in the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Deciphering the Multifaceted Immune Landscape of Unresectable Primary Liver Cancer to Predict Immunotherapy Response.

Immunotherapies employing PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are vital for primary liver cancer (PLC), but response rates remain unsatisfying. Accurate differentiation of responders from non-responders to immunotherapy is imperative. Here, single-cell-scaled mass cytometry analysis on sequential peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ICI-treated PLC patients is conducted, and tissue residence of immune subpopulations is assessed via multiplex immunohistochemistry.

Zeolitic imidazolate framework functionalized magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes as efficient adsorbents for rapid extraction of fluoroquinolones.

Herein, a new, environmentally friendly, and economical magnetic solid-phase extraction method for fluoroquinolones (FQs) from milk samples was developed using novel recyclable zeolitic imidazolate framework functionalized magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (FeO@MWCNTs@SiO@ZIF-8) as adsorbents. Various characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, N adsorption-desorption analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry, demonstrated that the adsorbent possessed a remarkable specific surface area, pore volume, and superparamagnetic properties, rendering it an excellent adsorbent. Combined with high-performance liquid chromatography, this method exhibited excellent linearity (R ≥ 0.

Bibliometrics analysis and knowledge mapping of pertussis vaccine research: trends from 1994 to 2023.

Purpose: This study aims to use bibliometric methods to explore the evolving landscape, hotspots, and emerging frontiers of pertussis vaccine research, providing deeper insights into the current research landscape and guiding future vaccine development efforts.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC) from January 1, 1994, to December 31, 2023, employing search terms related to vaccination (vacc* or immun*) and pertussis (pertussis, Whooping Cough, Bordetella pertussis, B. pertussis, Bordetella pertussis infection, or B.

Rapid screening of xanthine oxidase inhibitors from Ligusticum wallichii by using xanthine oxidase functionalized magnetic metal-organic framework.

In this study, xanthine oxidase was immobilized for the first time using a novel magnetic metal-organic framework material (FeO-SiO-NH@MnO@ZIF-8-NH). A ligand fishing method was established to rapidly screen XOD inhibitors from Ligusticum wallichii based on the immobilized XOD. Characterization and properties of the immobilized enzyme revealed its excellent stability and reusability.

Advancing microvascular invasion diagnosis: a multi-center investigation of novel MRI-based models for precise detection and classification in early-stage small hepatocellular carcinoma (≤ 3 cm).

Purpose: This study aimed to develop two preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based models for detecting and classifying microvascular invasion (MVI) in early-stage small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC) patients.

Methods: MVI is graded as M0 (no invasion), M1 (invasion of five or fewer vessels located within 1 cm of the tumor's peritumoral region), and M2 (invasion of more than five vessels or those located more than 1 cm from the tumor's surface). This study enrolled 395 early-stage sHCC (≤ 3 cm) patients from three centers who underwent preoperative gadopentetate-enhanced MRI.

The effects of optimized microstructured surfaces on bond strength and durability of NPJ-printed zirconia.

Objectives: This study was to investigate the effects of optimized microstructured surfaces on bond strength and bond durability of the latest nanoparticle jetting (NPJ)-printed zirconia.

Methods: Zirconia microstructured surfaces with different geometries and void volume were analyzed through three-dimensional finite element analysis for surface micromorphology optimization. Zirconia disks and cylinders were additively manufactured by an NPJ 3D printer (N = 128).

Glycosyltransferase genes are associated with resistance to cyhalofop-butyl in a Chinese Echinochloa crus-galli population.

Background: Echinochloa crus-galli is the most troublesome and widespread weed of most rice-growing regions of the world. Cyhalofop-butyl, a herbicide within the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) chemical group, has been extensively used to control barnyardgrass in rice. The repeated exposure to cyhalofop-butyl has led to resistance evolution in E.

One-pot enantioselective synthesis of chiral phenyllactic acids by combining stereocomplementary d- and l-lactate dehydrogenases with multi-enzyme expression fine-tuning.

Chiral phenyllactic acid (PLA) is a new type of antiseptic agent and a valuable precursor for active ingredients in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. In this study, we designed a multi-enzyme cascade that combined stereocomplementary d- and l-lactate dehydrogenases with threonine aldolase, phenylserine dehydratase, and formate dehydrogenase for the one-pot conversion of achiral glycine and benzaldehyde to synthesize d-PLA and l-PLA. To overcome the imbalance of multi-enzymes in a single cell, two enzyme modules, overexpressing four enzymes, were assembled in Escherichia coli cells to construct whole-cell catalysis systems (WCCSs).

Generic Enrichment Method for Liquid Chromatography-Multiple Reaction Monitoring-Mass Spectrometry Assay for Quantitative Measurement of Biological Therapeutics in Serum.

Purpose: The study aims to leverage the capabilities of Liquid Chromatography-Multiple Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry (LC-MRM), a key technique in quantifying therapeutic proteins in pharmacokinetic studies. The focus is on demonstrating an enrichment method using ProteoMiner beads, which can be integrated with LC-MRM to detect low-abundance biotherapeutics in serum, such as monoclonal antibodies and gene therapy products.

Methods: The ProteoMiner enrichment method was employed and integrated with LC-MRM.

Treatment decisions of patients with Class II Division 2 malocclusion and severe tooth wear: a systematic review.

Background: The treatment strategy for patients with severe tooth wear associated with Class II Division 2 malocclusion remains a major challenge for dental practitioners.

Objectives: To systematically review and summarize the literature on treatment strategies, restoration procedures and clinical outcomes for Class II Division 2 malocclusion patients with severe tooth wear.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify eligible articles.

Novel coumarin-piperazine-2(5H)-furanone hybrids as potential anti-lung cancer agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies.

Novel coumarin-piperazine-2(5H)-furanone hybrids 5a-l were efficiently synthesized by introducing a furanone scaffold into coumarin using piperazine as a linker. The cytotoxicity of all hybrids 5a-l were evaluated by MTT assay on human lung cancer A549 cells and normal human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells with cytarabine (CAR) as a positive control. Hybrid 5l (IC = 11.

Clinical analysis of the effect of helicobacter pylori infection on immune function in children with peptic ulcer.

Objective: To study whether children with peptic ulcer would have abnormalities in cellular and humoral immune functions, and whether Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection would affect the immune function of children with peptic ulcer.

Methods: This is a retrospective study. The subjects of study were 72 children with diagnosed and cured peptic ulcer (ulcer group), and 50 healthy children with physical examination (control group) at Baoding Hospital, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 2020 to December 2022.

Injectable alginate-based zwitterionic hydrogels promoting endometrial repair and restoring fertility.

The development of novel therapeutic approaches to facilitate endometrial repair and regeneration while preventing adhesion recurrence is a crucial research objective aimed at enhancing clinical outcomes for women with intrauterine adhesions (IUA). In this study, we introduced an injectable Alg-GMA/PTSB zwitterionic hydrogel, characterized by excellent biocompatibility, anti-protein adsorption properties, and biodegradability. In a rat model, the hydrogel significantly promoted the regeneration and angiogenesis of damaged endometrial tissue, leading to improved recovery of epithelial cells, glands, proliferation, and vascularization.

Association between visceral adipose tissue area and infertility: a cross-sectional analysis.

Research Question: Is intra-abdominal fat obesity associated with infertility?

Design: This study analysed data from the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, with a total of 3013 women enrolled. The participants were divided into two groups: infertility and non-infertility. Differences between the two groups were analysed using a weighted Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous variables, or a weighted chi-squared test for categorical data.

Occlusal veneer restoration treatment outcomes of cracked tooth syndrome: A 22.4-month follow-up study.

Objectives: The aims of this clinical study were to investigate success rate, vital pulp survival rate, tooth survival rate and patient-reported masticatory ability by evaluating the pain symptoms and signs of the cracked teeth as well as Index of Eating Difficulty (IED) and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire after cracked teeth were restored with occlusal veneers.

Materials And Methods: 27 cracked teeth of 24 patients with cold and/or biting pains without spontaneous/nocturnal pains were recruited in this study. The cracked teeth were restored with occlusal veneers fabricated by lithium disilicate ceramic.

Efficacy and safety of SBRT combined with sintilimab and IBI305 in patients with advanced HCC and previously failed immunotherapy: study protocol of a phase 2 clinical trial.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in China. The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antiangiogenic drugs, such as bevacizumab and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, has been recommended as first-line treatment for advanced HCC. However, two-thirds of patients did not benefit from this form of immunotherapy.

Development of multi-epitope mRNA vaccine against using reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics approaches.

(), as the major pathogen of diarrhea in healthcare settings, has become increasingly prevalent within community populations, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. However, the therapeutic options for infection (CDI) remain limited, and as of now, no authorized vaccine is available to combat this disease. Therefore, the development of a novel vaccine against is of paramount importance.

Magnetic solid-phase extraction of tetracyclines from milk using metal-organic framework MIL-101(Cr)-NH functionalised hydrophilic magnetic nanoparticles.

Novel metal-organic framework MIL-101(Cr)-NH functionalised hydrophilic polydopamine-modified FeO magnetic nanoparticles (FeO@PDA@MIL-101(Cr)-NH) were synthesised and used as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) adsorbents for extracting tetracyclines (TCs) from milk samples. The integrated FeO@PDA@MIL-101(Cr)-NH exhibited convenient magnetic separation and exceptional multi-target binding capabilities. Furthermore, the PDA coating significantly enhanced the hydrophilicity and extraction efficiency of the material, thereby facilitating the extraction of trace TCs.

Discovery and directed evolution of C-C bond formation enzymes for the biosynthesis of β-hydroxy-α-amino acids and derivatives.

β-Hydroxy-α-amino acids (β-HAAs) have extensive applications in the pharmaceutical, chemical synthesis, and food industries. The development of synthetic methodologies aimed at producing optically pure β-HAAs has been driven by practical applications. Among the various synthetic methods, biocatalytic asymmetric synthesis is considered a sustainable approach due to its capacity to generate two stereogenic centers from simple prochiral precursors in a single step.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of rhein-piperazine-furanone hybrids as potential anticancer agents.

Novel rhein-piperazine-furanone hybrids, 5, were designed and synthesized efficiently from rhein. Cytotoxicity of all hybrids 5a-j against A549 human lung cancer cells was superior to the parent rhein and the reference cytarabine (CAR). Hybrid 5e (IC = 5.

The Role and Mechanism of STIM1/Orai1-Regulated Ca Influx in Myocardial Hypertrophy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common cardiovascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients affected with DCM face a notably higher risk of progressing to congestive heart failure compared to other populations. Myocardial hypertrophy, a clearly confirmed pathological change in DCM, plays an important role in the development of DCM, with abnormal Ca homeostasis serving as the key signal to induce myocardial hypertrophy.