Complement C4d as a biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.

Increasing studies in the last decade have led to the widespread understanding that C4d, a split product of complement component 4 (C4), is a potential biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN).: The aim of this review is to summarize the highlights of studies investigating the use of C4d as a biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring SLE and LN patients. we searched PubMed/Medline and Wanfang databases using the terms "C4d and systemic lupus erythematosus", "C4d and lupus nephritis", and "Complement C4d".

Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan Nanoparticles for Chemotherapy of Melanoma Through Enhancing Tumor Penetration.

The poor solubility and permeability of most chemotherapeutic drugs lead to unsatisfactory bioavailability combined with insufficient drug concentration. In this study, positively charged nanoparticles based on chitosan were developed and synthesized to enhance tumor penetration capability of 10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) in order to improve the chemotherapeutic effect of melanoma. The HCPT encapsulated nanoparticles were noted as NPs/HCPT.

Docetaxel enhances CD3+ CD56+ cytokine-induced killer cells-mediated killing through inducing tumor cells phenotype modulation.

Pretreatment with chemotherapeutic agents could sensitize human lung adenocarcinoma cells to the lyses of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, however, the mechanism still unclear. We hypothesized that chemotherapeutic agents could induced immunogenic modulation (IM) and calreticulin (CRT) expression and enhanced the cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells-mediated killing. Here, using docetaxel, one of the most widely used cancer chemotherapeutic agents, as a model, we examined the molecular and immunogenic consequences of chemotherapeutic agent exposure in lung adenocarcinoma cell SPC-A1 cells.

Combination doxorubicin and interferon-α therapy stimulates immunogenicity of murine pancreatic cancer Panc02 cells via up-regulation of NKG2D ligands and MHC class I.

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a malignant gastrointestinal cancer with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite severe side effects of chemotherapy, the use of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has emerged as a common clinical treatment. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of the combined doxorubicin and interferon-α (IFN-α) therapy on murine pancreatic cancer Panc02 cells in vitro and in vivo and underlying mechanisms.