Molecular Differences in Glomerular Compartment to Distinguish Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy and Lupus Nephritis.

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and lupus nephritis (LN) are the most prevalent primary and secondary glomerular diseases, respectively, with several similarities in clinical presentations. Common pathogenic mechanisms in IgAN and LN have been well investigated by previous studies. However, the manifestation mechanism of these two independent diseases carrying distinct immunofluorescent pathological features is still unknown considering the similarities between them.

Chinese consensus report on the assessment and management of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with cardiovascular disease: 2024 edition.

As cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality rates continue to rise in China, the importance of identifying and managing CVD risk factors grows. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder, affecting an estimated 936 million individuals aged 30-69 worldwide, with China leading globally with about 176 million affected. Increasing research indicates a close association between OSA and the onset and progression of various CVD, significantly affecting outcomes.

Rhamnolipid Modified Silica Nanoparticles Control Rice Blast Disease by Enhancing Antifungal Activity and Antioxidant Defense System of Rice ( L.).

Blast disease caused by is a devastating disease that limits rice grain production. Here, we synthesized rhamnolipid (RL) modified silica nanoparticles (SiONPs) based on the excellent antimicrobial activity of RL against various phytopathogens and the role of SiONPs in alleviating plant diseases and investigated the roles and mechanisms of RL@SiONPs application in controlling rice blast disease. Two-week-old rice seedlings were sprayed with 100 mL/L of different materials before pathogen inoculation, and blast incidence was investigated 5 days after inoculation.

Pre-eclampsia intronic polyadenylation enriched in VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling pathway.

Aims: This study aims to reveal transcriptome-wide intronic polyadenylation (IPA) events associated with Pre-eclampsia (PE).

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a potentially life-threatening complication of pregnancy, affecting both maternal and fetal health. However, our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of PE remains limited.

Induction of cytochrome P450 via upregulation of CAR and PXR: a potential mechanism for altered florfenicol metabolism by macranthoidin B .

Introduction: Macranthoidin B (MB) is a primary active component of In Chinese veterinary clinics, is frequently used in combination with florfenicol to prevent and treat infections in livestock and poultry. However, potential interactions between and florfenicol remain unclear. To systematically study these interactions, it is crucial to investigate the individual phytochemicals within .

Novel Insights into Enzymatic Thermostability: The "Short Board" Theory and Zero-Shot Hamiltonian Model.

Understanding the mechanism underlying thermostabilization in naturally stable enzymes and enhancing the thermostability of unstable enzymes are crucial aspects in enzyme engineering. Despite the development of various engineering methods, there remains substantial scope for improvement. In this study, a novel concept termed as the "short board" theory is proposed, which conceptualizes proteins as barrels with each component representing a jagged board.

PAFE: A lightweight visualization-based fast malware classification method.

With the development of automated malware toolkits, cybersecurity faces evolving threats. Although visualization-based malware analysis has proven to be an effective method, existing approaches struggle with challenging malware samples due to alterations in the texture features of binary images during the visualization preprocessing stage, resulting in poor performance. Furthermore, to enhance classification accuracy, existing methods sacrifice prediction time by designing deeper neural network architectures.

Effects of malnutrition on disease severity and adverse outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Malnutrition is common in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease and is associated with significantly higher all-cause mortality. Approximately one-third of patients with heart failure are malnourished. However, the relationship between malnutrition and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) remains unclear.

Cbl and Cbl-b ubiquitin ligases are essential for intestinal epithelial stem cell maintenance.

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control stem cell maintenance vs. differentiation decisions. Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (CBL) family ubiquitin ligases are negative regulators of RTKs, but their stem cell regulatory roles remain unclear.

hypermethylation is a risk factor of diabetic retinopathy in Chinese children with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To identify the differential methylation sites (DMS) and their according genes associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) development in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) children.

Methods: This study consists of two surveys. A total of 40 T1DM children was included in the first survey.

Association of non-insulin-based insulin resistance indices with disease severity and adverse outcome in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: a multi-center cohort study.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that diabetes mellitus and impaired lipid metabolism are associated with the severity and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). However, the relationship between IR and pulmonary hypertension is poorly understood.

The Win-Win Effects of an Invasive Plant Biochar on a Soil-Crop System: Controlling a Bacterial Soilborne Disease and Stabilizing the Soil Microbial Community Network.

Biochar is increasingly being recognized as an effective soil amendment to enhance plant health and improve soil quality, but the complex relationships among biochar, plant resistance, and the soil microbial community are not clear. In this study, biochar derived from an invasive plant ( L.) was used to investigate its impacts on bacterial wilt control, soil quality, and microbial regulation.

Tumor biomarkers in evaluating the severity and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: A comprehensive analysis.

Inflammation contributes to development of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), and tumor biomarkers can reflect inflammatory and immune status. We aimed to determine the value of tumor biomarkers in IPAH comprehensively. We enrolled 315 patients with IPAH retrospectively.

Enhanced YOLOv5s-Based Algorithm for Industrial Part Detection.

In complex industrial environments, accurate recognition and localization of industrial targets are crucial. This study aims to improve the precision and accuracy of object detection in industrial scenarios by effectively fusing feature information at different scales and levels, and introducing edge detection head algorithms and attention mechanisms. We propose an improved YOLOv5-based algorithm for industrial object detection.

A Survey of 6DoF Object Pose Estimation Methods for Different Application Scenarios.

Recently, 6DoF object pose estimation has become increasingly important for a broad range of applications in the fields of virtual reality, augmented reality, autonomous driving, and robotic operations. This task involves extracting the target area from the input data and subsequently determining the position and orientation of the objects. In recent years, many new advances have been made in pose estimation.

Adaptive evolution and co-evolution of chloroplast genomes in Pteridaceae species occupying different habitats: overlapping residues are always highly mutated.

Background: The evolution of protein residues depends on the mutation rates of their encoding nucleotides, but it may also be affected by co-evolution with other residues. Chloroplasts function as environmental sensors, transforming fluctuating environmental signals into different physiological responses. We reasoned that habitat diversity may affect their rate and mode of evolution, which might be evidenced in the chloroplast genome.

Impact of tectoridin on the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol via targeting cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein of rats.

(L.) DC, commonly used with florfenicol in Chinese veterinary clinics for respiratory tract infections, contains the major effective isoflavone, tectoridin (TEC). This study aimed to investigate the impact of TEC co-administration on the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol .

Cbl and Cbl-b Ubiquitin Ligases are Essential for Intestinal Epithelial Stem Cell Maintenance.

Among the signaling pathways that control the stem cell self-renewal and maintenance vs. acquisition of differentiated cell fates, those mediated by receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activation are well established as key players. CBL family ubiquitin ligases are negative regulators of RTKs but their physiological roles in regulating stem cell behaviors are unclear.

Coptisine modulates the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol by targeting CYP1A2, CYP2C11 and CYP3A1 in the liver and P-gp in the jejunum of rats: a pilot study.

Coptisine (COP) is the main active ingredient of . In Chinese veterinary clinics, is commonly used alongside florfenicol to treat intestinal infections. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of COP co-administration on the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in rats.

Physicians' Knowledge, Attitude, and Experience of Pharmacogenomic Testing in China.

(1) Background: As prescribers, physicians play a decisive role in applying and promoting pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing in clinical practices. So far, little is known about physicians' perspectives on PGx testing in China. The aim of this study was to assess physicians' knowledge of, attitude towards, and experience of PGx testing in China.