Negative pressure wound therapy for the management of deep brain stimulation-related surgical site infections: A retrospective case series.

The management of deep brain stimulation (DBS)-related surgical site infection (SSI) is challenging. This article aimed to report the efficacy of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in treating DBS-related SSI while preserving all DBS devices. As a retrospective case series in a single center, localized DBS-related SSI was treated with complete debridement and NPWT, with preserving all DBS devices.

Guidance of development, validation, and evaluation of algorithms for populating health status in observational studies of routinely collected data (DEVELOP-RCD).

Background: In recent years, there has been a growing trend in the utilization of observational studies that make use of routinely collected healthcare data (RCD). These studies rely on algorithms to identify specific health conditions (e.g.

Altitude and prognosis after PCI: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Background: The impact of altitude on the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) deserves further discussion and research.

Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of a prospective observational study involving 5453 patients post-PCI, divided into medium-altitude and low-altitude groups. To control for confounding factors, propensity score matching was employed to pair patients with similar baseline characteristics between the two groups.

Effectiveness of simulation-based clinical research curriculum for undergraduate medical students - a pre-post intervention study with external control.

Background: Simulation is widely utilized in medical education. Exploring the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation of clinical research within medical education may inform its integration into clinical research training curricula, finally cultivating physician-scientist development.

Methods: Standard teaching scripts for both clinical trial and cross-sectional study simulation were designed.

Walking forward or on hold: Could the ChatGPT be applied for seeking health information in neurosurgical settings?

Self-management is important for patients suffering from cerebrovascular events after neurosurgical procedures. An increasing number of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted tools have been used in postoperative health management. ChatGPT is a new trend dialog-based chatbot that could be used as a supplemental tool for seeking health information.

Effectiveness of WeChat-assisted preoperative education to reduce perioperative anxiety in breast cancer patients: a prospective randomized controlled study protocol.

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women globally, and surgical procedures continue to be the primary treatment. However, over 50% of patients experience preoperative anxiety due to the unknown and fear associated with surgery. Although drug therapy is commonly used to address this anxiety, its side effects have led to a heated debate regarding its effectiveness.

The Application of Computer Technology to Clinical Practice Guideline Implementation: A Scoping Review.

Implementation of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) is a complex and challenging task. Computer technology, including artificial intelligence (AI), has been explored to promote the CPG implementation. This study has reviewed the main domains where computer technology and AI has been applied to CPG implementation.

Research on the development methodology for clinical practice guidelines for organic integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) is a new medical science grounded in the knowledge bases of both TCM and WM, which then forms a unique modern medical system in China. Integrated TCM and WM has a long history in China, and has made important achievements in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, the methodological defects in currently published clinical practice guidelines limit its development.

Ten interleukins and risk of prostate cancer.

Background: Interleukins (ILs) have been reported to be related to prostate cancer. The aims of this study were to estimate the levels for several key interleukins in prostate cancer and the causal effects between them.

Methods: We conducted a bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess the causal associations between ILs and prostate cancer.

Causal relationship between obesity, lifestyle factors and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Obesity (waist circumference, body mass index (BMI)) and lifestyle factors (dietary habits, smoking, alcohol drinking, Sedentary behavior) have been associated with risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in observational studies, but whether these associations are causal is unclear.

Methods: We performed a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study to evaluate these associations. Genetic instruments associated with exposures at the genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10) were selected from corresponding genome-wide associations studies (n = 216,590 to 1,232,091 individuals).

Complement use of Chinese herbal medicine after percutaneous coronary intervention: a prospective observational study.

Background: Chinese herbal medicine is widely used as a complement or alternative treatment in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China. We compared the incidence of the major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) of CAD patients with or without the complement use of Chinese herbal medicine after PCI.

Methods: In this prospective, observational study that was conducted from September 2016 to August 2019 in Fuwai Hospital (China), we followed up consecutive patients who received PCI treatment for two years.

Xinfuli granule alleviates metabolic remodeling through inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial injury in heart failure.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: "Qi deficiency-blood stasis-water retention syndrome" was the most frequent syndrome among heart failure(HF) patients according to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory. Xinfuli Granule (XG) was constructed on the basis of classical formula "Baoyuan decoction" to enhance the function of nourishing Qi, activating blood and removing water retention. XG treatment has obtained clinical effect on HF patients.

Coffee and caffeine consumption and risk of renal cell carcinoma: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The association between coffee and caffeine consumption and the risk of renal cell carcinoma was inconsistent among observational studies, and whether these observed associations were causal remained unclear. Therefore, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess the causal nature of the association.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 12 and two independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to coffee and caffeine consumption at a genome-wide significance level of < 5 × 10 were used as instrumental variables (IVs), respectively.

Treatment and surveillance for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a clinical practice guideline (2021 edition).

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a major type of bladder cancer with a high incidence worldwide, resulting in a great disease burden. Treatment and surveillance are the most important part of NIMBC management. In 2018, we issued "Treatment and surveillance for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in China: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline".

The causal association between smoking, alcohol consumption and risk of bladder cancer: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

Smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with bladder cancer risk in observational studies. We conducted a two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine whether those associations are causal. We used 21, 126, 360, 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables for number of cigarettes per day, lifetime smoking index, smoking initiation, and drinks per week, respectively.

Causal Association Between Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Previous observational studies have reported a bidirectional association between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes, but the causality of these relationships remains unestablished. We clarified the bidirectional causal association through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). We obtained summary-level data for periodontitis and type 2 diabetes from several published large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of individuals of European ancestry.

Comparison on the Efficacy and Safety of Different Surgical Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia With Volume >60 mL: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of 10 different surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with volume >60 mL. A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) within a Bayesian framework was performed. A total of 52 parallel-group RCTs included, reporting on 6,947 participants, comparing open prostatectomy (OP), monopolar/bipolar transurethral resection of prostate (monopolar/ bipolar TURP), thulium, holmium and diode laser enucleation of prostate (LEP), bipolar enucleation of prostate, potassium titanyl phosphate laser vaporization of prostate (KTP LVP), bipolar vaporization of prostate (bipolar VP), and laparoscopic simple prostatectomy (laparoscope SP).

Analysis of the Status and Trends of Chinese Clinical Practice Guideline Development Between 2010 and 2020: A Systematic Review.

This study aimed to systematically review the status and trends of Chinese clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) during the time period 2010-2020 and explore their methodological characteristics. Then, based on the strengths and weaknesses in development, offer several recommendations for the quality improvement which will serve as a reference for the users and developers of CPG. With the development of evidence-based medicine (EBM), the CPGs play an increasingly important role in healthcare decision-making both in China and worldwide.

Knowledge of and Compliance With Guidelines in the Management of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Survey of Chinese Urologists.

Background: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) still poses a heavy load for resulting in many new cases which contribute significantly to medical costs. Although many NMIBC guidelines have been developed, their implementation remains deficient.

Objective: This study was conducted in order to analyze the knowledge of and compliance with the guidelines for NMIBC of Chinese urologists and to identify associated factors.

Qishen capsule safely boosts cardiac function and angiogenesis via the MEK/ERK pathway in a rat myocardial infarction model.

Background: Qishen (QS) capsules, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been widely used to treat coronary heart disease in China. However, evidence of its effectiveness remains unclear.

Methods: To explore whether QS has cardioprotective efficacy and/or promotes angiogenesis after myocardial infarction (MI), we performed experiments in a preclinical rat MI model.

Prognostic value of adjuvant therapy in T4 non-small cell lung cancer: An inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis.

Background: According to the current clinical guidelines, chemoradiotherapy is considered the standard treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We analyzed the prognostic effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in resected patients using the new eighth tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging systems based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database.

Methods: We identified 3008 patients with stage IIIA NSCLC (T4N0M0) who underwent sublobar resection, lobectomy, or pneumonectomy.