Publications by authors named "Si-Yeung Yu"
Background: Risk stratification of patients with symptomatic nonobstructive coronary artery disease remains uncertain. Our study assessed the clinical value of single-vessel, multivessel, and 3-vessel computational angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (caFFR) measurement in patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease.
Methods And Results: We enrolled patients with ≤50% stenosis with a caFFR value ≥0.
Background: Heart failure (HF) and dementia frequently co-exist with shared pathological mechanisms and risk factors. Our study aims to investigate the association between statin therapy and the risks of dementia and its subtypes among patients with HF.
Methods: The Hong Kong Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System database was interrogated to identify patients with incident HF diagnosis from 2004 to 2018, using ICD 9/ICD 10 codes.
Background: Whether statin use can reduce the risk of heart failure (HF) remains controversial. The present study evaluates the association between statin use and HF in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Methods And Results: Patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation from 2010 to 2018 were included.
Background: The nonuniform benefit of tricuspid annuloplasty may be explained by the proportionality of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) severity to right ventricular (RV) area. The purpose of this study was to delineate distinct morphological phenotypes of functional TR and investigate their prognostic implications in patients undergoing tricuspid annuloplasty during left-sided valvular surgery.
Methods: The ratios of pre-procedural effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) with right ventricular end-diastolic area (RVDA) were retrospectively assessed in 290 patients undergoing tricuspid annuloplasty.
The utilization of FFR remains low. Our study evaluated the per-vessel prognostic value of computational pressure-flow dynamics-derived FFR (caFFR) among patients with stable coronary artery disease. A total of 3329 vessels from 1308 patients were included and analysed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Heart failure (HF) is linked to an increased risk of developing dementia, as both conditions share common risk factors.
- In a study of over 202,000 HF patients from 1995 to 2018, about 11% experienced new-onset dementia, with Alzheimer's being the most common type.
- Factors such as older age, being female, and having other health issues like Parkinson's or stroke were identified as key predictors of dementia, which further increased the risk of death in these patients.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze the connection between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) in patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and their effects on mortality risk.
- A large cohort of over 102,000 patients was followed for several years, revealing that while CKD was more common, HF was linked to a higher risk of death; around 21.7% of CKD patients had HF, and 34.6% of HF patients had CKD.
- The findings underscore the importance of monitoring both CKD and HF in T2DM patients since having either condition significantly increases the risk of mortality, particularly when both are present.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to examine the link between prediabetes and heart failure (HF) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), and how changes in glycemic status relate to HF risk.
- Among nearly 18,000 AF patients, those with prediabetes were found to have a higher risk of developing HF compared to those with normal glucose levels.
- Results indicated that prediabetic patients who progressed to diabetes had an increased risk of HF, while those who reverted to normal glucose levels had a lower risk, highlighting the importance of managing glycemic status.
Context: Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased risk of pneumonia and septic shock. Traditional glucose-lowering drugs have recently been found to be associated with a higher risk of infections. It remains unclear whether sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), which have pleiotropic/anti-inflammatory effects, may reduce the risk of pneumonia and septic shock in DM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To investigate for potential protective effects of statin use among patients with infective endocarditis (IE) with consideration for underlying diseases and bacterial culture - variables which have prognostic implications and show considerable geographic variation yet are unappreciated in previous pharmacoepidemiological studies.
Patients And Methods: Patients diagnosed with IE between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2019, were identified. We estimated the effect on mortality of pre-admission statin use (≥90 cumulative days of use before index date) and in-hospital use (use beginning within 2 days of admission), compared with nonusers and discontinued users, respectively, through propensity score analytics.
Prognostic value of right ventricular remodelling in patients undergoing concomitant aortic and mitral valve surgery.
Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging
April 2023
Aims: Long-term risk stratification and surgical timing remain suboptimal in concomitant aortic and mitral (double) valve surgery. This study sought to examine the predictors, changes, and prognostic implications of right ventricular (RV) remodelling in patients undergoing double-valve surgery.
Methods And Results: In 152 patients undergoing double-valve surgery, four RV remodelling patterns were characterized using transthoracic echocardiography: normal RV size and systolic function (Pattern 1); dilated RV (tricuspid annulus diameter >35 mm) with normal systolic function (Pattern 2); normal RV size with systolic dysfunction (percentage RV fractional area change <35%; Pattern 3); and dilated RV with systolic dysfunction (Pattern 4).
Aim: The organ protective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may be beneficial against infectious complications. This real-world study aims to compare the risk of pneumonia and sepsis between SGLT2 inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Using a territory-wide clinical registry in Hong Kong (Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System [CDARS]), we included patients initiated on SGLT2 inhibitors or DPP-4 inhibitors between January 01, 2015 and December 31, 2019 through 1:2 propensity score matching.
Background Strategies to improve long-term prediction of heart failure and death in valvular surgery are urgently needed because of an increasing number of procedures globally. This study sought to report the prevalence, changes, and prognostic implications of concomitant hepatorenal dysfunction and malnutrition in valvular surgery. Methods and Results In 909 patients undergoing valvular surgery, 3 groups were defined based on hepatorenal function (the modified model for end-stage liver disease excluding international normalized ratio score) and nutritional status (Controlling Nutritional Status score): normal hepatorenal function and nutrition (normal), hepatorenal dysfunction or malnutrition alone (mild), and concomitant hepatorenal dysfunction and malnutrition (severe).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The characteristics of infective endocarditis (IE) in Asians are poorly understood. Therefore, we aim to describe the epidemiological trends and clinical features of IE in Hong Kong.
Methods: All patients with incident IE from 2002-2019 in a territory-wide clinical database in Hong Kong were identified.
Background: Evidence suggests that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a higher risk of lung carcinoma. Using a territory-wide clinical electronic medical records system, we investigated the association between low-dose aspirin use (≤160 mg) among patients with COPD and incidence of lung carcinoma and the corresponding risk of bleeding.
Methods And Findings: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted utilizing Clinical Data Analysis Reporting System (CDARS), a territory-wide database developed by the Hong Kong Hospital Authority.
Aims: Patients with heart failure (HF) have an increased risk of incident cancer. Data relating to the association of statin use with cancer risk and cancer-related mortality among patients with HF are sparse.
Methods And Results: Using a previously validated territory-wide clinical information registry, statin use was ascertained among all eligible patients with HF (n = 87 102) from 2003 to 2015.