Ciliary neurotrophic factor activation of astrocytes mediates neuronal damage via the IL‑6/IL‑6R pathway.

The occurrence of epilepsy is a spontaneous and recurring process due to abnormal neuronal firing in the brain. Epilepsy is understood to be caused by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the neural network. The close association between astrocytes and synapses can regulate the excitability of neurons through the clearance of neurotransmitters.

Chitosan-Based Composite Materials for Prospective Hemostatic Applications.

Effective hemostasis is vital to reduce the pain and mortality of patients, and the research and development of hemostatic materials are prerequisite for effective hemostasis. Chitosan (CS), with good biodegradability, biocompatibility and non-toxicity, has been widely applied in bio-medicine, the chemical industry, the food industry and cosmetics. The excellent hemostatic properties of CS have been extensively studied.