Effect of prone positioning ventilation on pulmonary function in neonates during venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Background: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) technology has significantly decreased mortality rates associated with neonatal pulmonary hypertension and respiratory failure. Prone positioning ventilation (PPV) is a commonly used technique in critically ill infants, designed to improve thoracic pressure gradients, re-expand dorsal lung segments, and increase oxygenation in approximately 70-80% of patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of PPV on pulmonary function in neonates undergoing venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).

Single-Lung Ventilation in Infants for Surgical Repair of Coarctation of The Aorta Without Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Objective: To investigate the effect of improving the operative field and postoperative atelectasis of single-lung ventilation (SLV) in the surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) in infants without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 28 infants (aged 1 to 4 months, weighing between 4.

Relationship between heart failure and intestinal inflammation in infants with congenital heart disease.

Objective: The association between heart failure (HF) and intestinal inflammation caused by a disturbed intestinal microbiota in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) was investigated.

Methods: Twenty infants with HF and CHD who were admitted to our hospital between October 2021 and March 2022 were included in this study. Twenty age- and sex-matched infants without HF at our hospital were selected as the control group.

Application value of metagenomics next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of respiratory virus infection after congenital heart surgery.

Background: Timely and accurate pathogen diagnosis can be challenging in children who contract a respiratory virus following congenital heart surgery (CHS). This often results in suboptimal drug use and treatment delays. Metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a swift, efficient, and unbiased method for obtaining microbial nucleic acid sequences.

Comparison of high-flow nasal cannula oxygenation and non-invasive ventilation for postoperative pediatric cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula oxygenation (HFNC) versus non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in pediatric patients post-congenital heart surgery (CHS) through a meta-analysis.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across the Chinese biomedical literature database, Vip database, CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science until December 20, 2022. We selected RCTs or cohort studies that met inclusion criteria for a meta-analysis using RevMan 5.

Elevated Renal-Resistive Index as an Indicator of Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Objective: The authors aimed to assess the relationship between elevated renal-resistive index (RRI) and acute kidney injury (AKI) related to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in neonatal patients.

Design: This was a retrospective study.

Setting: The study was conducted at a teaching hospital.

Comparison of treprostinil and oral sildenafil for the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of treprostinil and oral sildenafil in managing persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborns (PPHN).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 42 neonates with PPHN treated with continuous intravenous treprostinil or oral sildenafil from January 2020 to October 2022 in China. Outcomes assessed included echocardiographic pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP), shunt direction, and arterial blood gas measures.

Computed tomography imaging-guided parasternal approach drainage for children with tension pneumomediastinum: a case series.

Purpose: Tension pneumomediastinum is a rare and dangerous complication in children that can be fatal, and timely detection and treatment are critical. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of computed tomography (CT) imaging-guided parasternal approach drainage for tension pneumomediastinum in children.

Methods: From June 2018 to February 2023, we consecutively enrolled 19 children with tension pneumomediastinum in our institution.

Changes of serum TSH, FT3, and FT4 levels in infants received surgical correction of congenital heart disease under cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the fluctuations and clinical relevance of serum thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) levels in infants undergoing surgical correction for congenital heart disease (CHD) using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: In a retrospective design, 58 infants who underwent CHD surgical correction under CPB between January 2021 and January 2022 at our institution were incorporated. These infants were categorized into two groups: simple CHD (n = 34) and complex CHD (n = 24).

Surgical experience in repairing the right common carotid artery and the right internal jugular vein after ECMO in neonates: early clinical results.

Background: The purpose of this study was to summarize the early clinical results and surgical experience of repairing the right common carotid artery and the right internal jugular vein after ECMO treatment in neonates.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the clinical data of 16 neonates with circulatory and respiratory failure who were treated with ECMO via the right common carotid artery and the right internal jugular vein in our hospital from June 2021 to December 2022. The effects of repairing the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein were evaluated.

Changes of Intestinal Flora and the Effect on Intestinal Function in Infants With Ventricular Septal Defect After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery.

This study aimed to investigate the changes in intestinal flora in infants with ventricular septal defect (VSD) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery and their potential relationship with postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery. Fecal samples of 20 infants with VSD were collected before and after CPB surgery at our hospital from September 2021 to March 2022. 16S rRNA was used to detect and analyze the fecal samples.

Lung ultrasound score for monitoring the withdrawal of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is considered an efficient and life-saving treatment for neonatal severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Bedside lung ultrasound (LUS) is an attractive and feasible method for evaluating neonatal ARDS.

Objective: To evaluate the value of LUS score at veno-arterial (V-A) ECMO withdrawal in neonatal patients with severe acute ARDS.

Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for postoperative cardiopulmonary failure in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: case reports and literature reviews.

Introduction: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a structural defect caused by inadequate fusion of the pleuroperitoneal membrane that forms the diaphragm, allowing peritoneal viscera to protrude into the pleural cavity. Up to 30% of newborns with CDH require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. As with all interventions, the risks and benefits of ECMO must be carefully considered in these patients.

Application of high-flow nasal cannula in fibreoptic bronchoscopy after congenital heart surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FB) after congenital heart surgery (CHS) in children.

Methods: We did a retrospective cohort study using patients from the electronic medical record system of Fujian Children's Hospital in China. The study population was children who underwent FB in the cardiac intensive care unit after CHS for 1 year (May 2021-May 2022).

Surgical experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for neonates with severe respiratory failure.

Objective: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used for severe neonatal respiratory failure refractory to conventional treatments. This paper summarizes our operation experience of neonatal ECMO via cannulation of the internal jugular vein and carotid artery.

Methods: The clinical data of 12 neonates with severe respiratory failure who underwent ECMO via the internal jugular vein and carotid artery in our hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were collected.

Effect of Optimizing Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation during Infant Cardiac Surgery on the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of optimizing regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO) on the incidence of postoperative delirium and surgical outcome in infants with congenital heart disease.

Methods: Sixty-one infants experienced desaturation in rScO of 10% from baseline for more than 30 seconds during surgery between January 2020 and January 2022. Among them, 32 cases (Group A) received the corresponding treatment in the process of desaturation and 29 cases (Group B) were observed without receiving any treatment.

Sternal Pin Used to Close Sternum in Infants after Cardiac Surgery.

Objective: A retrospective study was conducted to explore the efficacy of bioabsorbable poly-L-lactic acid sternal pins in sternal closure in infants after cardiac surgery.

Methods: A total of 170 infantile patients who underwent cardiac surgery were divided into the steel wire group (group A), the PDS cord group (group B), and the steel wire + sternal pin group (group C). The occurrence of the thoracic deformity was evaluated by vertebral index (VI), frontosagittal index (FSI), and Haller index (HI) values; the stability of the sternum was evaluated by detecting sternal dehiscence and displacement.

Two undescribed benzopyran derivatives from L. with their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 cells.

Previous studies on L. have shown the existence of coumarins and their anti-inflammatory effect. Phytochemical work was conducted to investigate the bioactive compounds, leading to the isolation of two undescribed benzopyran derivatives, namely ranunsceleroside A () and B (), together with two known coumarins (, ) from the whole plant of L.

Creating the optimal preoperative nutritional status for neonates undergoing cardiac surgery by implementing a preoperative nutritional support plan.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of a preoperative nutritional support programme on improving preoperative nutritional status and promoting postoperative recovery in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: The clinical data of neonates undergoing cardiac surgery who received preoperative nutritional support therapy in our hospital from March 2021 to December 2021 were collected, and the clinical data of neonates undergoing cardiac surgery who did not receive preoperative nutritional support therapy in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the control. The nutritional status and postoperative recovery of the two groups were compared.

Relationship between disorders of the intestinal microbiota and heart failure in infants with congenital heart disease.

Purpose: There is a close relationship between the intestinal microbiota and heart failure, but no study has assessed this relationship in infants with congenital heart disease. This study aimed to explore the relationship between heart failure and intestinal microbiota in infants with congenital heart disease.

Methods: Twenty-eight infants with congenital heart disease with heart failure admitted to a provincial children's hospital from September 2021 to December 2021 were enrolled in this study.

Serum irisin level is higher in peritoneal dialysis than in hemodialysis.

Background: Previous studies have proved that irisin is related to the development of chronic kidney disease. In this study, we aimed to compare serum irisin level in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: Two hundred and fifty-two dialysis patients (146 PD patients and 106 HD patients) were included in the study.

Lower Serum Irisin Levels Are Associated with Increased Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.

Introduction: Vascular calcification (VC), with the mechanisms remaining unclear, is closely related with dialysis patients' cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality. Irisin is a newly identified myokine. This study aims to evaluate the serum irisin levels of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and their relationship with VC.

Peritoneal dialysis outcomes in patients with nephrotic syndrome: a propensity score-matched cohort study.

Introduction: It is unclear whether patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and nephrotic syndrome (NS) can be treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Objectives: To investigate the outcomes of PD treatment in ESRD patients with or without NS.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all incident patients with ESRD and NS who started PD from 1 February 2006 to 31 December 2017, were matched with patients without NS using propensity scores based on age, sex, diabetes mellitus status, and serum albumin.