Erratum: 17β-Estradiol Inhibites Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induced Apoptosis of Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells via the PI3K/Akt Pathway.

The authors asked for the change of the figure 1. They wanted to send the figure that was 200 times bigger under the microscope as described in Figure 1 caption, however, they mistakenly uploaded the wrong picture. Reference: 1.

The Beneficial Role of Exercise Training for Myocardial Infarction Treatment in Elderly.

Worldwide, elderly people have a higher prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI), which is associated with body function aging and a sedentary lifestyle. In addition to medication, exercise training is a well-established supplementary method to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Substantial evidence has shown the value of different intensity exercise programs in the prevention and treatment of MI, and exercise rehabilitation programs are also applicable to elderly patients with MI.

The benefits and mechanisms of exercise training for Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a significantly progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by both motor and nonmotor disorders. The main pathological characteristics of PD consist of the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the formation of alpha-synuclein-containing Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra. Currently, the main therapeutic method for PD is anti-Parkinson medications, including levodopa, madopar, sirelin, and so on.

17β‑Estradiol protects against interleukin‑1β‑induced apoptosis in rat nucleus pulposus cells via the mTOR/caspase‑3 pathway.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the main pathological basis of spinal degenerative diseases, and aberrant apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) is the main cellular process that causes IVDD. In our previous studies, 17β‑estradiol (E2) was demonstrated to protect rat NPCs from interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β)‑induced apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. However, the downstream signaling pathway of PI3K/Akt is currently unclear.

The Relationship Between Autophagy and Brain Plasticity in Neurological Diseases.

Autophagy, a catabolic degradation system, is utilized for destroying and recycling the damaged or unnecessary cellular components. Brain plasticity refers to the remarkable characteristics of brain neurons that change their structure and function according to previous experience. This review was performed by searching the relevant articles in databases of SCIENCEDIRECT, PUBMED, and Web of Science, from respective inception to January 2019.

Analyses of effect factors associated with the postoperative dissatisfaction of patients undergoing open-door laminoplasty for cervical OPLL: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect factors associated with the postoperative dissatisfaction of patients undergoing open-door laminoplasty for cervical OPLL.

Methods: In this study, 194 patients, who underwent open-door laminoplasty for cervical OPLL from January 2009 to January 2016, were retrospectively reviewed. The Patient Satisfaction Index (PSI) was collected at discharge, 6 months, 1 year, and the last follow-up.

Prevalence and risk factors of axial neck pain in patients undergoing multilevel anterior cervical decompression with fusion surgery.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and risk factors for axial neck pain in patients undergoing multilevel anterior cervical decompression with fusion surgery.

Methods: In this study, 88 patients, who underwent multilevel anterior cervical decompression with fusion surgery from January 2012 to January 2017, were retrospectively reviewed. Based on the postoperative axial neck pain, the patients were classified into two groups: axial pain group and no axial pain group.

The beneficial roles of exercise training via autophagy in neurological diseases and possible mechanisms.

Autophagy is a conservative catabolism process, participating in delivering the cytosol and cytosolic components to the lysosome. Abnormal autophagy is related to human pathologies, for instance diabetes, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular, macular degeneration, pulmonary, and cancer. Enormous evidences indicate that autophagy may mediate the cellular pathological condition in the process of neurological diseases.

Risk Factors for Lower Limb Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients With Single-Level Lumbar Fusion: A Prospective Study of 710 Cases.

Lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is not an uncommon postoperative complication of spinal fusion surgery. However, the related risk factors identified in previous studies remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate risk factors for lower limb DVT in patients with single-level lumbar fusion surgery.

Electroacupuncture Alleviated Neuronal Apoptosis Following Ischemic Stroke in Rats via Midkine and ERK/JNK/p38 Signaling Pathway.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) intervention administered at rats of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion. Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups, consisting of sham group, MCAO/R group, and EA group. EA treatment at Quchi and Zusanli acupoints was applied in rats of EA group at 24 h after MCAO once per day for 3 days.

17β-Estradiol inhibits intervertebral disc degeneration by down-regulating MMP-3 and MMP-13 and up-regulating type II collagen in a rat model.

Objectives: This study was aimed to further explore whether estradiol (E2) had protective effects on intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) in a rat model.

Material/methods: Forty, three-month-old female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, Ovariectomy (OVX), E2 and ICI182780 (ICI). Sham group only underwent the resection of a bit fat; OVX group underwent bilateral ovariectomy; E2 group was treated with E2 based on OVX; ICI group was treated with E2 and pretreated ICI182780 (inhibitor of the estrogen receptor) based on OVX.

Intradiscal Methylene Blue Injection for Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of intradiscal methylene blue (MB) injection on discogenic low back pain (DLBP).

Methods: We conducted an electronic search of the PubMed, Ovid, Ovid MEDLINE and Embase databases using the search terms "low back pain" and "methylene blue"; the search was limited to English language articles from database inception to October 2017. In addition, the reference lists of all included studies were manually searched.

The beneficial role of early exercise training following stroke and possible mechanisms.

Exercise training is a regular therapy for stroke patients in clinic. However, whether the early exercise is beneficial for stroke patients is still controversial. The review was performed in databases of OVID, PUBMED, and ISI Web of Science, from respective inception to December 2017.

Short-segment fixation with a cement-augmented pedicle screw for Kummell disease: Case report.

Rationale: Kummell disease is described as avascular necrosis of a vertebral body that occurred in a delayed fashion after a minor trauma. Anterior, posterior, and anterior-posterior approaches have been reported. Nevertheless, there is no standard treatment for patients with Kummell disease.

The effect of systematic lower-limb rehabilitation training in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery: a retrospective study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of systematic lower-limb rehabilitation training in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery due to serious degenerative intervertebral disc diseases.

Results: At the 1st week after surgery, clinical rehabilitation effect in intervention group was better regarding lower-limb muscle strength, lower-limb DVT, VAS score, and ODI, as compared with control group (all < 0.05).

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery versus total disc replacement: A comparative study with minimum of 10-year follow-up.

Based on long-term follow-ups, this study was designed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for postoperative adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or total disc replacement (TDR) in treating cervical degenerative diseases. Between January 2000 and December 2005, 108 cases undergoing ACDF and 78 undergoing TDR, were enrolled into this study. All medical records were retrospectively collected.

Analysis of clinical and neurological outcomes in patients with cauda equina syndrome caused by acute lumbar disc herniation: a retrospective-prospective study.

Objectives: In this research we analyzed the results of surgical treatment of cauda equina syndrome (CES) caused by acute lumbar disc herniation. We emphasize the early treatment for good neurological recovery.

Methods: A retrospective-prospective, non randomized, clinical study was performed between Jan 2010 and Dec 2014.

Risk Factors Associated with Adjacent Vertebral Compression Fracture Following Percutaneous Vertebroplasty After Menopause: A Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND Clinically, percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is frequently applied to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). It is believed that new compression fractures are more likely to occur adjacent to the PVP-treated segment, typically within 1 month after PVP. The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors for adjacent vertebral compression fractures (AVCF) after PVP in patients with OVCF after menopause.

Cauda Equina Syndrome Due to Vigorous Back Massage With Spinal Manipulation in a Patient With Pre-Existing Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Cauda equina syndrome (CES) resulting from acute lumbar disc herniation due to spinal massage is extremely rare. We present a case of CES caused by the acute worsening of a lumbar disc herniation after a vigorous back massage that included spinal manipulation. After vigorous back massage with spinal manipulation performed by a massage therapist, a 38-yr-old male patient experienced CES with severe numbness in both lower limbs, inability to walk due to weakness of bilateral lower limbs, and incontinence of urine and feces.

Protective role of 17β-estradiol on tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis in human nucleus pulposus cells.

The molecular mechanisms underlying protection and pathogenesis in spinal degenerative diseases remain unclear. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis of inte rvertebral disc (IVD) cells during IVD degeneration, and 17β‑estradiol (17β‑E2) has a protective effect against IVD cell apoptosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism by which 17β‑E2 protects nucleus pulposus (NP) cells remains to be investigated.

Unilateral versus bilateral pedicle screw fixation with posterior lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative diseases: A meta-analysis.

Background: Both unilateral pedicle screw fixation with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and bilateral pedicle screw fixation with PLIF are used to treat lumbar degenerative diseases (LDD). However, which one is a better treatment for LDD remains considerable controversy. Therefore, the focus of this meta-analysis was to assess the merits and shortcomings of efficacy of these 2 surgical procedures for LDD.

Risk factors for dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: A meta-analysis.

Background: Dysphagia is a well-known complication following anterior cervical spine surgery. Although risk factors for dysphagia have been reported in the literature, they still remain controversial. This study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with dysphagia following anterior cervical spinal surgery.

Mini-plate fixation versus suture suspensory fixation in cervical laminoplasty: A meta-analysis.

Background: Both the mini-plate fixation and suture suspensory fixation techniques are extensively applied in cervical laminoplasty, but which technique is superior has not been ascertained. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the results between mini-plate fixation and suture suspensory fixation in cervical laminoplasty for the patients with multilevel cervical compressive myelopathy.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library, CNKI, and WANFANG were searched for studies that compared mini-plate fixation and suture suspensory fixation in cervical laminoplasty up to November 1, 2016.

The Treatment Evaluation for Osteoporotic Kummell Disease by Modified Posterior Vertebral Column Resection: Minimum of One-Year Follow-Up.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified posterior vertebral column resection (MPVCR) in treating osteoporotic Kummell disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between January 2013 and January 2015, 10 patients who were diagnosed with Kummell disease underwent MPVCR treatment, and their medical records were retrospectively collected. Every patient had follow-up for at least one year, with an average of 15 months.

Factors predicting venous thromboembolism after spine surgery.

Background: A meta-analysis was performed to explore predicted factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after surgery in the treatment for spine degeneration diseases.

Summary Of Background Data: Many scholars have focused on VTE after spine surgery, but as for the risk factors of VTE have not reached a consensus.

Methods: An extensive search of literature, "spine or spinal," "degeneration," "after surgery or postoperation," and "venous thromboembolism" as key words, was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane library, CNKI, and WANFANG databases.