Cognitive impairment and hippocampal degeneration in aged rat models of type 2 diabetes with induced glycemic fluctuation: A pilot study.

Objective: Effective methods for establishing an aged animal model of diabetes and glycemic fluctuation have rarely been investigated. The aim of the study was to explore the feasibility of inducing glycemic fluctuation in aged Sprague-Dawley rats and to evaluate the corresponding changes in cognitive function.

Methods: Male rats aged 48 weeks were fed a high-fat and high-glucose diet and given streptozotocin intraperitoneally to establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

NLRP3 inhibitor alleviates glycemic variability-induced cognitive impairment in aged rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Glycemic variability (GV) markedly exacerbates cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in part through chronic inflammation. This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 in mitigating GV-induced cognitive impairment in an aged rat model of T2DM. Aged Sprague-Dawley rats with induced T2DM were subjected to GV conditions, and the effects of MCC950 were evaluated through measurement of body weight, blood glucose, lipid profiles, insulin level, inflammatory markers, and cognitive function.

Cognitive decline in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with glycated albumin, ratio of Glycated Albumin to glycated hemoglobin, and concentrations of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers.

Objective: To investigate the correlations of cognitive function with glycated albumin (GA), the ratio of GA to glycated hemoglobin (GA/HbA), and the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 44 elderly T2DM patients were evaluated for cognitive function using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA). Patients were then divided into two groups based on the MMSE and MoCA scores: a cognitive dysfunction group and a normal cognitive function group.

Association of bone turnover biomarkers with severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Background: Intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis is associated with cerebral infarction. Vascular calcification and atherosclerosis are the main causes of stenosis and major risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Bone turnover biomarkers (BTMs) are associated with vascular calcification, atherosclerosis, glucose, and lipid metabolism.