Freshwater fungi in the karst plateau wetlands from Guizhou Province, China: taxonomic novelties in Melanommataceae (Pleosporales).

Three isolates of interest were collected during an investigation of freshwater fungi from wetlands in the karst regions of Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Phylogenetic analyses using ITS, LSU, SSU, and gene regions have revealed the placements of these isolates in Melanommataceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Based on the morphological and phylogenetic evidence, three new species are introduced: , , and is sister to and forms a basal branch of within Melanommataceae.

One-Dimensional Excitonic Insulator of MTe (M = Mo, W) Atomic Wires.

Coulomb attraction with weak screening can trigger spontaneous exciton formation and condensation, resulting in a strongly correlated many-body ground state, namely, the excitonic insulator. One-dimensional (1D) materials natively have ineffective dielectric screening. For the first time, we demonstrate the excitonic instability of single atomic wires of transition metal telluride MTe (M = Mo, W), a family of 1D van der Waals (vdW) materials accessible in the laboratory.

Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Pesticides in Danjiangkou Reservoir and Evaluation of Ecological Risk.

The Danjiangkou Reservoir is the largest artificial freshwater lake in Asia. This study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir to assess the ecological and human health risks associated with these pollutants. Twenty-three sampling sites in the Danjiangkou Reservoir each collected 23 surface water samples and 23 sediment samples.

Efficient and Robust Europium(III)-Based Hybrid Lanthanide Scintillators for Advanced X-Ray Imaging.

Scintillators that convert ionizing radiation into low-energy photons are essential for medical diagnostics and industrial inspections. Despite advances in X-ray scintillators, challenges remain in achieving high efficiency, environmental compatibility, stability, and flexibility. Here, we present experimental investigations of a new type of europium(III)-based hybrid ternary complex scintillators for improved X-ray detection and imaging.

A prospective multicenter birth cohort in China: pregnancy health atlas.

The China Prospective Multi-Center Birth Cohort Study was launched in 2022. In collaboration with medical centers in 12 cities, it aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20,000 natural pregnancy and assisted reproductive families. As of June 26, 2024, 12,911 pregnant women have participated in this study, and 161,122 biological samples have been collected.

BmEL-2 promotes triglyceride metabolism by regulating BmAGPATγ and BmFAF2 expression in Bombyx mori.

Bombyx mori ELAV-like-1 (BmEL-1) and B. mori ELAV-like-2 (BmEL-2) are 2 members of the ELAV-like family of RNA-binding proteins. Mutations in Bmel-1 and Bmel-2 resulted in 5.

Synthesis of polysubstituted pyridazines Cu-mediated C(sp)-C(sp) coupling/annulation of saturated ketones with acylhydrazones.

Pyridazine is a significant skeleton that widely exists in drugs and bioactive molecules. We herein describe expeditious approaches to access polysubstituted pyridazines from readily accessible unactivated ketones and acylhydrazones Cu-promoted C(sp)-C(sp) coupling/cyclization sequences in a single-step fashion. Notably, the disparate 3,4,6-trisubstituted pyridazines and 3,5-disubstituted pyridazines could be obtained by tailoring the ketone's structure and reaction conditions.

Unraveling the Photocatalytic Mechanism of N Fixation on Single Ruthenium Sites.

Photocatalytic N fixation offers promise for ammonia synthesis, yet traditional photocatalysts encounter challenges such as low efficiency and short carrier lifetimes. Atomically precise ligand-metal nanoclusters emerge as a solution to address these issues, but the photophysical mechanism remains elusive. Inspired by the synthesis of AuRu NCs, we investigate the mechanism behind N activation on AuRu, focusing on photoactivity and carrier dynamics.

Intrinsic Chiroptical Activity and Excitonic Properties of Group II-VI Magic-Size Clusters.

Semiconductor magic-size clusters (MSCs), lying in the local minima of the potential landscape, are important intermediates that emerge during the synthesis of colloidal quantum dots. They have definite geometrical and electronic structures, thus serving as atomically precise building blocks for assembling supramolecular structures and devices with unprecedented functionalities. Here we report the intrinsic chiroptical activity in the magic-size cadmium and zinc chalcogenide clusters with magic numbers of 13, 33, and 34 possessing unique core-shell structures.

Doping-mediated excited state dynamics of diphosphine-protected M@Au (M = Au, Ir) superatom nanoclusters.

Doping heterometal atoms into ligand-protected gold superatom nanoclusters (Au NCs) is proposed to further diversify their geometrical and electronic structures and enhance their photoluminescence properties, which is attributed to the mixing and effects between atoms. However, the fundamental principles that govern the optoelectronic properties of the doped Au NCs remain elusive. Herein, we systematically explored two prototypical 8-electron Au ( = 11 and 13) NCs with and without Ir dopant atoms using comprehensive calculations and real-time nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations.

Luminescence properties of endohedrally doped group-IV clusters.

Endohedrally doped clusters form a large category of cage clusters, with unique structures, diverse elemental compositions, and highly tunable electronic structures and physisochemical properties. They have been widely achieved in laboratory and may serve as functional building blocks for assembling new supermolecular structures and devices. In this paper, for the first time, we disclosed the luminescence properties of endohedrally doped group-IV clusters by time-dependent density functional theory calculations.

p-block germanenes as a promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction.

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), a pivotal process in hydrogen fuel cells crucial for enhancing fuel cell performance through suitable catalysts, remains a challenging aspect of development. This study explores the catalytic potential of germanene on Al (111), taking advantage of the successful preparation of stable reconstructed germanene layers on Al (111) and the excellent catalytic performance exhibited by germanium-based nanomaterials. Through first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that the O2 molecule can be effectively activated on both freestanding and supported germanene nanosheets, featuring kinetic barriers of 0.

Heparin-binding protein as a biomarker for the diagnosis of sepsis in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cross-sectional study in China.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of heparin-binding protein (HBP) in sepsis and develop a sepsis diagnostic model incorporating HBP with key biomarkers and disease-related scores for rapid, and accurate diagnosis of sepsis in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Design: Clinical retrospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: A comprehensive teaching tertiary hospital in China.

Markovnikov Hydrochlorination of Unactivated Alkenes with FeCl via a HAT/XAT Sequence.

Hydrochlorination of alkenes is a practical strategy for accessing organic chlorides. Herein, we report the hydrochlorination of unactivated alkenes via a hydrogen atom transfer/halogen atom transfer process using earth-abundant and biocompatible FeCl as a chlorine source under extraordinarily mild reaction conditions. The protocol is easy to operate with notable features such as excellent chemoselectivity, remarkable efficiency, a broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance.

Tin-oxo nanoclusters for extreme ultraviolet photoresists: Effects of ligands, counterions, and doping.

The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) nanolithography technology is the keystone for developing the next-generation chips. As conventional chemically amplified resists are approaching the resolution limit, metal-containing photoresists, especially tin-oxo clusters, seize the opportunity to embrace this challenge owing to their small sizes, precise atomic structures, and strong EUV absorption. However, atomistic insights into the mechanism for regulating their photolithographic behavior are lacking.

A luminescent Ag(DPPY)(PhCC) cluster with a triangular superatomic Ag core.

We have synthesized single crystals of a highly stable Ag nanocluster protected by six ligands of diphenyl-2-phosphinic pyridine (DPPY) plus six ligands of phenylacetylene (PhCC). This Ag(DPPY)(PhCC) cluster bears a triangular superatomic Ag core, with the vertex and edge Ag atoms (quasi-triangle Ag) being protected by both P and N bidentate coordination of the six DPPY ligands; meanwhile, the six PhCC ligands μ-C coordination form coordination on the two central Ag atoms capped on both sides of the triangle facet. Apart from the well-organized coordination of the two ligands pertaining to the balanced interactions with the Ag core, this Ag nanocluster exhibits superatomic stability with two delocalized valence electrons (1S||1P), assuming that the six PhCC ligands fix 6 localized electrons from the Ag atoms.

Optical Activity and Excitonic Characteristics of Chiral CdSe Quantum Dots.

Introduction of chirality to colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) triggers a chiroptical effect. However, there remains a knowledge gap in the mechanism of chirality transfer and amplification from molecules to QDs. By time-dependent density functional theory calculations combined with a correlated electron-hole picture, we explored the chiroptical activity of CdSe QDs decorated with different chiral monocarboxylic acids from an excitonic perspective.

Enrichment of phosphopeptides by arginine-functionalized magnetic chitosan nanoparticles.

One of the most crucial and prevalent post-translational modifications is the phosphorylation of proteins. The study and examination of protein phosphorylation hold immense importance in comprehending disease mechanisms and discovering novel biomarkers. However, the inherent low abundance, low ionization efficiency, and coexistence with non phosphopeptides seriously affect the direct analysis of phosphopeptides by mass spectrometry.

Rational Design of Full-Color Fluorescent CN Quantum Dots.

Carbon-based quantum dots (QDs) exhibit unique photoluminescence due to size-dependent quantum confinement, giving rise to fascinating full-color emission properties. Accurate emission calculations using time-dependent density functional theory are a time-costing and expensive process. Herein, we employed an artificial neural network (ANN) combined with statistical learning to establish the relationship between geometrical/electronic structures of ground states and emission wavelength for CN QDs.

BmRRS1 Protein Inhibits the Proliferation of Baculovirus Nucleopolyhedrovirus in Silkworm, .

The study of functional genes involved in baculovirus infection is vital for its wide application in pest biocontrol. This study utilized the nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) and silkworm as models to elucidate the role of BmRRS1, which has been found to exhibit notable differential expression between resistant and susceptible silkworm strains. The results showed that it was evolutionarily conserved in selected species.

Overall and individual associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and liver function indices and the metabolic mechanism.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can disrupt liver homeostasis. Studies have shown that a single exposure to PFAS may provoke abnormal liver function; however, few studies have investigated the overall effect of PFAS mixtures. We aimed to investigate associations between exposure to PFAS mixtures and liver function indices and explore the relevant mechanisms.

Association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and liver function: The mediating roles of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure has been associated with adverse health effects, and accumulating evidence suggests that PAH exposure may impair liver function. However, the underlying mechanisms linking PAH exposure and liver function impairment remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between PAH exposure and liver function biomarkers, and the mediating effects of inflammation and oxidative stress.