Jianwei Xiaoshi oral liquid attenuates high-calorie diet-induced dyspepsia in immature rats via regulating the pancreatic secretion pathway and maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota.

Background: Jianwei Xiaoshi oral liquid (JWXS), a classical traditional prescription comprising various edible medicinal plants, has demonstrated significant efficacy in treating paediatric indigestion. It originates from Jianpi Pill, which is developed in the Ming Dynasty and nourishes the spleen and regulates gastrointestinal function. However, the specific molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear.

Highly Air-Stable N-Doped Two-Dimensional Violet Phosphorus with Atomically Flat Surfaces.

Few-layer violet phosphorus (VP) shows excellent potential in optoelectronic applications due to its unique in-plane anisotropy and high mobility. However, the poor air stability of VP severely limits its practical applications. This article reports highly air-stable VP obtained by a two-step nitrogen plasma treatment where the nitrogen volume flow rate is controlled to coordinate physical etching and chemical doping.

Gold nanotube self-assemblage from tubular W@Au cluster.

Context: While the pure Au cluster tends to exist in a 3D cage shape, the doubly doped W@Au is found to prefer a tubular form containing three five-membered Au rings stabilized by the W dimer vertically placed inside a tube-like Au framework. Formation of self-assembled nanotubes containing five-membered Au rings from the tube-like W@Au cluster is also feasible, and such a tubular structure constitutes an ideal building block for generating gold-assembled nanotubes, providing us with a useful approach for designing some novel tailor-made materials with interesting optoelectronic properties.

Methods: Density functional theory (DFT) calculations using the TPSS functional and the cc-pVDZ-PP basis set are employed to determine some noticeable effects of the doping of the W dimer on the structure, stability, and optical properties of pure Au16 gold clusters.

A novel mutation in the BTB domain impairs transcriptional repression function of KCTD1 leading to syndromic microtia.

Microtia is a common birth defect affecting the external ears and encompasses a spectrum of congenital anomalies of the auricle. For some of the microtia-associated syndromes, the additional abnormalities are not easily observed or with variable expressivity. Identifying pathogenic mutations through genetic testing is of great help in recognizing these highly heterogeneous syndromes in clinical practice.

Intestinal endogenous metabolites affect neuroinflammation in 5×FAD mice by mediating "gut-brain" axis and the intervention with Chinese Medicine.

Background: Emerging evidence suggested the association between gut dysbiosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. However, it remained unclear how the gut microbiome and neuroinflammation in the brain mutually interact or how these interactions affect brain functioning and cognition. Here we hypothesized that "gut-brain" axis mediated by microbial derived metabolites was expected to novel breakthroughs in the fields of AD research and development.

Multi-omics reveals bufadienolide Q-markers of Bufonis Venenum based on antitumor activity and cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish.

Background: Bufonis Venenum (BV) is a traditional animal-based Chinese medicine with therapeutic effects against cancer. However, its clinical use is significantly restricted due to associated cardiovascular risks. BV's value in China's market is typically assessed based on "content priority," focusing on indicator components.

The smallest triple-ring tubular gold clusters M@Au with M = Mo, W: stability, electronic properties and nonlinear optical response.

The smallest triple ring tube-like gold clusters M@Au with M = Mo, W and = 1, 0, -1 are reported for the first time. Incorporation of an M dimer results in a remarkable modification of both atomic and electronic structures of the gold host. While the bare Au cluster exhibits a 3D cage shape, the doubly doped clusters M@Au in all charge states are found to prefer a tubular form composed of three five-membered Au rings in an anti-prism arrangement and stabilized by an M unit placed inside the tube-like Au gold framework.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Inhibits LPS/AβO-induced Neuroinflammation in BV2 Cells through Regulating the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Pathway.

Neuroinflammation is a key factor in cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), so inhibiting neuroinflammation is considered as a potential treatment for AD. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a polyhydroxyphenol of green tea, has been found to exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of EGCG on inflammation and its mechanism.

[Evaluation of efficacy of Dihuang Baoyuan Granules for diabetes mellitus and composition and in vivo distribution analysis based on UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS].

Dihuang Baoyuan Granules is a prescription endorsed by HU Tianbao, a renowned and elderly Chinese medicine practitioner from Beijing, and has demonstrated definite clinical efficacy. The composition of this prescription is intricate as it includes 7 distinct herbal medicines. This study aims to analyze the chemical composition of Dihuang Baoyuan Granules, evaluate its efficacy in the treatment of diabetes and analyze the distribution of the drug components in the plasma, liver, and kidney after administration.

Optoelectronic Properties of Nitrogen-Doped Hexagonal Graphene Quantum Dots: A First-Principles Study.

Graphene quantum dots have been widely studied owing to their unique optical, electrical, and optoelectrical properties for various applications in solar devices. Here, we investigate the optoelectronic properties of hexagonal and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots using the first-principles method. We find that doping nitrogen atoms to hexagonal graphene quantum dots results in a significant red shift toward the visible light range as compared to that of the pristine graphene quantum dots, and the doped nitrogen atoms also induce a clear signature of anisotropy of the frontier orbitals induced by the electron correlation between the doped nitrogen atoms and their adjacent carbon atoms.

Identification of a Novel TP63 Variant in a Chinese Patient with Orofacial Clefts and Ectrodactyly: Case Report and Literature Review.

The TP63 gene is essential for epithelial proliferation, differentiation, and maintenance during embryogenesis. Despite considerable clinical variability, -related symptoms are characterized by ectodermal dysplasia, distal limb malformations, and orofacial clefts. We identified a novel variant (c.

[Synthesis and tissue distribution of bufadienolides in Bufo bufo gargarizans].

This study explored the biosynthesis of bufadienolides(BDs) in Bufo bufo gargarizans to solve the dilemma of the decreasing resources of B. bufo gargarizans and provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable utilization of the resources. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) was employed to detect the synthesis sites of BDs in B.

Genetic and clinical characterization of familial renal glucosuria.

Background: Familial renal glucosuria (FRG) is a hereditary disorder caused by variants in encoding sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). In this study, we aimed to characterize proximal tubule solute transport, glucagon secretion and the genotype-phenotype relationship in FRG patients.

Methods: We sequenced and in 21 FRG patients and measured the renal threshold of glucose (RT) in 15 patients.

[Component profile analysis of Sanhan Huashi Formula based on UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS, GC-MS, and UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS].

This study comprehensively analyzed the active components of Sanhan Huashi Formula using qualitative and quantitative mass spectrometry techniques, laying the foundation for understanding its pharmacological substance basis. UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and GC-MS technologies were used to analyze and identify the volatile and non-volatile components in Sanhan Huashi Formula. UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS technology was used to simultaneously determine the content of 27 major active components in the formula.

Huanglian Jiedu Wan intervened with "Shi-Re Shanghuo" syndrome through regulating immune balance mediated by biomarker succinate.

With increasing stress in daily life and work, subhealth conditions induced by "Shi-Re Shanghuo" syndrome was gradually universal. "Huanglian Jiedu Wan" (HLJDW) was the first new syndrome Chinese medicine approved for the treatment of "Shi-Re Shanghuo" with promising clinical efficacy. Preliminary small-sample clinical studies have identified some notable biomarkers (succinate, 4-hydroxynonenal, etc.

Binding Mechanism and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of the Antimicrobial Sulfathiazole on Gold Nanoparticles.

A combined study using the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique and quantum chemical calculations was carried out to elucidate the adsorption behavior of sulfathiazole, an antibiotic drug, on gold nanoparticles. The tetrahedral Au cluster was used as a simple model to mimic a nanostructured gold surface. Computations using density functional theory with the PBE functional were performed in both the gas phase and aqueous medium using a continuum model.

Association Between Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphism and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Diabetes.

Introduction: Previous studies have identified diabetes as a risk factor for coronary heart disease. This study determined the correlation between the IL-6 gene -572 G/C polymorphism and the incidence and severity of coronary heart disease in patients with diabetes.

Methods: One hundred four patients with diabetes who were admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled in the current study.

Biotransformed bear bile powder ameliorates diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice through modulating arginine biosynthesis via FXR/PXR-PI3K-AKT-NOS3 axis.

NASH is a highly prevalent metabolic syndrome that has no specific approved agents up to now. BBBP, which mainly contains bile acids, possess various pharmacological properties and some bile acids are available for NASH treatment. Herein, the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of BBBP against NASH were systemically evaluated.

Theoretical study of the binding mechanism between anticancerous drug mercaptopurine and gold nanoparticles using a cluster model.

Context: Mercaptopurine is an effective anticancer medicine yet known with serious adverse reactions, thus requiring further attempts to enhance its biological targeting. Small gold clusters Au (n = 2-10) were used as model reactants to simulate the surface of gold nanoparticles. The computed results show that the drug molecules tend to anchor on the gold clusters at the S atom with the associated binding energies varying from -50 to -34 kcal mol (in vacuum) and from -42 to -28 kcal mol (in aqueous solution).

Altered metabolic profiles and targets relevant to the protective effect of acteoside on diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice based on metabolomics and network pharmacology studies.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) was a major cause of end-stage renal failure and a common microvascular complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Acteoside (ACT) was the main ingredient extracted from the leaves of Rehmannia glutinosa, which had the functions of entering the lung, moisturizing the skin and relieving itching, nourishing yin and tonifying the kidney, cooling blood, and stopping bleeding. ACT had attracted worldwide interest because of its therapeutic effects on DM and its complications.