Precisely Prepared Hierarchical Micelles of Polyfluorene-block-Polythiophene-block-Poly(phenyl isocyanide) via Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly.

The precise preparation of hierarchical micelles is a fundamental challenge in modern materials science and chemistry. Herein, poly(di-n-hexylfluorene)-block-poly(3-tetraethylene glycol thiophene) (poly(1-b-2)) diblock copolymers and polyfluorene-block-polythiophene-block-poly(phenyl isocyanide) triblock copolymers were synthesized using a one-pot process via the sequential addition of corresponding monomers using a Ni(II) complex as a single catalyst for living/controlled polymerization. The crystallization-driven self-assembly of amphiphilic conjugated poly(1-b-2) led to the formation of nanofibers with controlled lengths and narrow dispersity.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection training: evaluation of an ex vivo training model with continuous perfusion (ETM-CP) for hands-on teaching and training in China.

Background: The existing ex vivo models of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) cannot simulate intraoperative hemorrhage well. We aimed to establish an ESD training method by applying an ex vivo training model with continuous perfusion (ETM-CP).

Methods: Four training sessions were conducted for 25 novices under the guidance of 2 experts.

Clinicopathological characteristics of signet-ring cell carcinoma derived from gastric fovelar epithelium.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the immunophenotype, differential diagnosis, and clinicopathological characteristics of signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) derived from gastric foveolar epithelium.

Methods: Clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings, histopathological features, and follow-up data of seven cases of SRCC derived from gastric foveolar epithelium with small intramucosal lesions were analyzed.

Results: Seven patients with a mean age of 38.

Faecal microbiome and metabolic signatures in rectal neuroendocrine tumors.

The prevalence of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (RNET) has increased substantially over the past decades. Little is known on mechanistic alteration in the pathogenesis of such disease. We postulate that perturbations of human gut microbiome-metabolome interface influentially affect the development of RNET.

Blue laser imaging combined with JNET (Japan NBI Expert Team) classification for pathological prediction of colorectal laterally spreading tumors.

Background: Blue laser imaging (BLI) can provide useful information on colorectal laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) by visualizing the surface and vessel patterns in detail. The present research aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of BLI-combined JNET (Japan NBI Expert Team) classification for identifying LSTs.

Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study included 172 LSTs consisted of 6 hyperplastic polyps/sessile serrated polyps, 94 low-grade dysplasias (LGD), 60 high-grade dysplasias (HGD), 6 superficial submucosal invasive (m-SMs) carcinomas, and 4 deep submucosal invasive carcinomas.

Comment on "Efficacy and adverse events of cold hot polypectomy: A meta-analysis".

This is a comment on a meta-analysis of published studies comparing cold hot polypectomy. We believe that the conclusion of this meta-analysis that "cold polypectomy is a time-saving procedure for removing small polyps with markedly similar curability and safety to hot polypectomy" needs more rigorous evidence.

[Risk factors of pain during colonoscopic examination].

Objective: To investigate the risk factorsthat predict pain during colonoscopy for decision of sedation or analgesia before the examination.

Methods: A total of 283 consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopicexamination at Nanfang Hospital between July, 2016 and September, 2016were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data and visual analogue scale after the examination were analyzed to identify the risk factors for pain during colonoscopy using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.

Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection of upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors: A comparative study of hook knife hybrid knife.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of a hook knife (HO) with a hybrid knife (HK) during endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) procedure.

Methods: Between August 2012 and December 2015, the ESTD procedure was performed for 83 upper GI submucosal lesions, which originated from the muscularis propria layer identified by upper endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography. Of these, 34 lesions were treated by a HO, whereas 49 lesions were treated by a HK.

Comparison of endoscopic submucosal tunneling dissection and thoracoscopic enucleation for the treatment of esophageal submucosal tumors.

Background And Aims: Endoscopic submucosal tunneling dissection (ESTD) has been proved to be safe and effective for removal of esophageal submucosal tumors (SMTs) and can maintain the mucosal integrity compared with other endoscopic methods. The aim of the study was to estimate the safety and efficacy of ESTD as well as compare its efficacy with thoracoscopic enucleation for esophageal SMTs, which is used increasingly as a minimally invasive approach.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the clinical data of patients with esophageal SMTs <40 mm who underwent ESTD or thoracoscopic enucleation at Nanfang Hospital between January 2008 and August 2016.

Training in early gastric cancer diagnosis improves the detection rate of early gastric cancer: an observational study in China.

Few studies have analyzed the training of endoscopists in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC). This study assessed whether specific training of endoscopists improves the detection rate of EGC. The rates of detection of EGC by endoscopists at the Digestive Endoscopy Center of the Affiliated Nanfang Hospital of China Southern Medical University between January 2013 and May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.