A comparative study of microbial community and functions of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with obesity and healthy people.

The gut microbiota is crucial in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the metabolism of T2DM patients is not well-understood. We aimed to identify the differences on composition and function of gut microbiota between T2DM patients with obesity and healthy people.

Combined analysis of whole-exon sequencing and lncRNA sequencing in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with obesity.

This study sought to find more exon mutation sites and lncRNA candidates associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with obesity (O-T2DM). We used O-T2DM patients and healthy individuals to detect mutations in their peripheral blood by whole-exon sequencing. And changes in lncRNA expression caused by mutation sites were studied at the RNA level.

Relationships of Non-coding RNA with diabetes and depression.

In order to study the molecular differences between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T2DM with depression (DD), we aimed to screen the differential expression of lncRNA, mRNA, and circRNA in the blood of patients with T2DM and DD. Based on the self-rating depression scale (SDS), patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ9), blood glucose and HbA1c, we divided the patients into T2DM and DD group. Peripheral blood was collected from the two groups of patients to perform lncRNA, mRNA, and circRNA expression profiling and screening DD-related specific molecules.

Anti-diabetic effect of loganin by inhibiting FOXO1 nuclear translocation via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in INS-1 cell.

Objectives: JiangTangXiaoKe (JTXK) granule, a Chinese traditional herbal formula, has been clinically used and demonstrated to be beneficial in controlling high glucose and to relieve the symptoms of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients for decades. In this study, we explored how loganin, one of the components in JTXK granule, mediated the anti-diabetic effect.

Materials And Methods: We generate a cell model with the dysfunction of insulin secretion by over-expression FOXO1 in INS-1 cells.

Correction: Long non-coding RNAs could act as vectors for paternal heredity of high fat diet-induced obesity.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18138.

Baduanjin exerts anti-diabetic and anti-depression effects by regulating the expression of mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA.

Background: Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise therapy, has been widely used in China to treat type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with depression (DD). However, the underlying mechanism of Baduanjin in anti-DD is unclear. This study was focused on investigating the effects of Baduanjin on symptoms of depression and blood glucose in patients with DD and the underlying mechanism.

Proteomics Analysis of Testis of Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet.

Background/aims: The adverse effects of obesity on male fertility have been widely reported. In recent years, the relationship between the differential expression of proteins and long non-coding RNAs with male reproductive disease has been reported. However, the exact mechanism in underlying obesity-induced decreased male fertility remains unclear.

Jiang Tang Xiao Ke Granule Play an Anti-diabetic Role in Diabetic Mice Pancreatic Tissue by Regulating the mRNAs and MicroRNAs Associated with PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway.

To investigate the effect of JTXK granule on the expression pattern of miRNA in pancreatic tissue of KKAy diabetic mice, and to explore the molecular mechanism and pathways of JTXK granule in anti-diabetic effect. We used high fat diet (HFD) to induce the KKAy diabetic mice and screened the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between JTXK-treated group ( = 6) and the diabetic group ( = 6) using MicroRNA (miRNA) Microarray. C57BL/6J mice were given a normal diet as the control group ( = 6).

Relationships of circular RNA with diabetes and depression.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to depression; however, the exact molecular mechnisms of this association are unknown. Here, we investigated whether circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the blood are related to the occurrence of depression in patients with T2DM. Fourteen patients with T2DM and depressive symptoms, as assessed by the Self-Rating Depression Scale, were included in this study.

The difference in expression of long noncoding RNAs in rat semen induced by high-fat diet was associated with metabolic pathways.

Background: Obesity, a common metabolic disease, is a known cause of male infertility due to its associated health risk. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have also been reported to be associated with male reproductive diseases; however, their role in the association between high-fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) and male reproduction remains unclear.

Methods: We used microarray analysis to compare the expression levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the spermatozoa of rats with DIO and normal rats.

Long non-coding RNAs could act as vectors for paternal heredity of high fat diet-induced obesity.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in epigenetic regulation, and abnormalities may lead to male infertility. To investigate whether lncRNAs are involved in intergenerational inheritance of obesity and obesity-induced decline in fertility, we divided mice into obesity (F0 mice fed a high-fat diet, F0-HFD) and non-obese (F0 mice fed normal chow, F0-NC) model groups and their male offspring (F1-HFD and F1-NC, respectively). We examined the differences in the expression levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the F0-HFD/F0-NC and F1-HFD/F1-NC groups.

Mitofusin-2 is required for mouse oocyte meiotic maturation.

Mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) is essential for embryonic development, anti-apoptotic events, protection against free radical-induced lesions, and mitochondrial fusion in many cells. However, little is known about its mechanism and function during oocyte maturation. In this study, we found that Mfn2 was expressed in the cytoplasm during different stages of mouse oocyte maturation.

Jiang Tang Xiao Ke Granule, a Classic Chinese Herbal Formula, Improves the Effect of Metformin on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Mice.

In the present study, the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidative effects of metformin (MET) combined with Jiang Tang Xiao Ke (JTXK) granule derived from the "Di Huang Tang" were evaluated in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by high-fat diet/streptozotocin. DM mice were orally treated with MET (0.19 g/kg) either alone or combined with different doses (1.

Differential Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs between Sperm Samples from Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Mice.

To investigate the potential core reproduction-related genes associated with the development of diabetes, the expression profiles of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) in the sperm of diabetic mice were studied. We used microarray analysis to detect the expression of lncRNAs and coding transcripts in six diabetic and six normal sperm samples, and differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified through Volcano Plot filtering. The function of differentially expressed mRNA was determined by pathway and gene ontology (GO) analysis, and the function of lncRNAs was studied by subgroup analysis and their physical or functional relationships with corresponding mRNAs.

Berberine Induces Cell Apoptosis through Cytochrome C/Apoptotic Protease-Activating Factor 1/Caspase-3 and Apoptosis Inducing Factor Pathway in Mouse Insulinoma Cells.

Objective: To investigate apoptotic effects of berberine, a significant alkaloids component existing in Rhizoma coptidis, and its possible acting mechanism in insulinoma cells.

Methods: Different concentrations of berberine were used to treat mouse insulinoma (MIN6) cells for various period of time. The viability and apoptosis of the cells were analyzed using methylthiazolyldiphenvl-tetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay.

Protein profiling the differences between diabetic and normal mouse cumulus cells.

As the number of young people suffering from diabetes increases worldwide, the impact of this disease on human reproduction urgently needs to be addressed. Here we compared the proteomes of cumulus cells of super-ovulated cumulus-oocyte complexes from diabetic and normal mice. We identified 57 up-regulated and 74 down-regulated proteins in diabetic cumulus cells; among these groups were proteins associated with cell cycle, cellular communication, epigenetic regulation, protein localization, and chromatin organization - all in accordance with type I diabetes.

Antidiabetic and antioxidative effect of jiang tang xiao ke granule in high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a kind of metabolic disease, is increasing over the last four decades in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Jiang Tang Xiao Ke (JTXK) granule, a naturally occurring ingredient from Chinese herbal medicines, on serum glucose, lipids, and oxidative stress in DM rats induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. JTXK granule 9 g/kg (based on crude herb equivalent) and pioglitazone 1.

New perspectives on dietary-derived treatments and food safety-antinomy in a new era.

Despite the advances in science and technology and wide use of chemical drugs, dietary intervention (or food therapy) remains useful in preventing or treating many human diseases. A huge body of evidence shows that the dietary pattern or habit is also an important contributing factor to the development of chronic diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cancers. In recent years, over-the-counter health foods, nutraceuticals, and plant-derived medicinal products have been gaining popularity all over the world, particularly in developed countries.

Effects of postmortem interval on mouse ovary oocyte survival and maturation.

To study the time- and temperature-dependent survival of ovarian oocytes collected from postmortem carcass, ICR mice were killed and placed for different periods (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h) at different temperatures (25°C, 4°C and 37°C). After preservation, oocyte morphology, germinal vesicle (GV) oocyte number, oocyte meiotic maturation percentage, mitochondrial distribution and intracellular glutathione (GSH) level were evaluated. The results showed no surviving oocytes could be collected by 2h, 6h, and 12 h after carcass preservation at 37°C, 25°C and 4°C, respectively.

Historical perspective of traditional indigenous medical practices: the current renaissance and conservation of herbal resources.

In recent years, increasing numbers of people have been choosing herbal medicines or products to improve their health conditions, either alone or in combination with others. Herbs are staging a comeback and herbal "renaissance" occurs all over the world. According to the World Health Organization, 75% of the world's populations are using herbs for basic healthcare needs.

Curcumin and diabetes: a systematic review.

Turmeric (Curcuma longa), a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, has been used for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine. The active component of turmeric, curcumin, has caught attention as a potential treatment for diabetes and its complications primarily because it is a relatively safe and inexpensive drug that reduces glycemia and hyperlipidemia in rodent models of diabetes. Here, we review the recent literature on the applications of curcumin for glycemia and diabetes-related liver disorders, adipocyte dysfunction, neuropathy, nephropathy, vascular diseases, pancreatic disorders, and other complications, and we also discuss its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Specific Link between Lung and Large Intestine: A New Perspective on Neuropeptide Secretion in Lung with Herbal Laxative Stimulation.

Background. To investigate the specific link between lung and large intestine. Methods.

New Perspectives on How to Discover Drugs from Herbal Medicines: CAM's Outstanding Contribution to Modern Therapeutics.

With tens of thousands of plant species on earth, we are endowed with an enormous wealth of medicinal remedies from Mother Nature. Natural products and their derivatives represent more than 50% of all the drugs in modern therapeutics. Because of the low success rate and huge capital investment need, the research and development of conventional drugs are very costly and difficult.

Clinical trial on the characteristics of zheng classification of pulmonary diseases based on infrared thermal imaging technology.

Zheng classification study based on infrared thermal imaging technology has not been reported before. To detect the relative temperature of viscera and bowels of different syndromes patients with pulmonary disease and to summarize the characteristics of different Zheng classifications, the infrared thermal imaging technology was used in the clinical trial. The results showed that the infrared thermal images characteristics of different Zheng classifications of pulmonary disease were distinctly different.

Lung and intestine: a specific link in an ulcerative colitis rat model.

Background. To investigate the link and mechanisms between intestine and lung in the ulcerative colitis (UC) rat model. Materials and Methods.