Macrophage Dysfunction in Respiratory Disease.

Our understanding of the origin, phenotype, and function of pulmonary macrophages has evolved over recent years. The use of lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing has led to a greater understanding of how these cells regulate homeostasis in the lung. The primary function of alveolar macrophages is to clear any inhaled particles or pathogens and they as well as tissue-resident cells also play a role in the clearance of apoptotic cells and the resolution of inflammation.

CXCL17 binds efficaciously to glycosaminoglycans with the potential to modulate chemokine signaling.

Introduction: CXCL17 is a mucosally secreted protein, and the most recently identified human chemokine, an assignment based on protein fold prediction and chemotactic activity for leukocytes. However, these credentials have been the subject of much recent discussion and no experimental evidence has been presented regarding the definitive structure of CXCL17. In this study, we evaluated the structural and chemoattractant credentials of CXCL17 to better characterize this molecule, and gain deeper insights into its functional role as a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding protein.

MicroRNA-570 is a novel regulator of cellular senescence and inflammaging.

Diseases of accelerated aging often occur together (multimorbidity), and their prevalence is increasing, with high societal and health care costs. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one such condition, in which one half of patients exhibit ≥4 age-related diseases. Diseases of accelerated aging share common molecular pathways, which lead to the detrimental accumulation of senescent cells.