Patterns of common illness and injury of readymade garment workers and a review of safety practices in Bangladesh.

Background: Readymade garment workers globally experience distinctive vulnerabilities at the workplace. The situation is worse in many developing countries. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence about the health and safety of garment workers in the workplace.

Acceptability and Feasibility of a Tai Chi/Qigong Intervention for Older People Living With HIV.

Tai chi/qigong (TCQ) is a low impact, meditative movement with breathwork that may benefit people with HIV (PWH) over 50 years old. This study is a feasibility clinical trial of a remote TCQ intervention for older PWH. Participants (n = 48) were recruited via clinic sites and social media and randomized to a TCQ, sham qigong, or wait-list control group.

Reduction of household air pollution through clean fuel intervention and recovery of cellular immune balance.

Background: We conducted a clean fuel intervention trial (Bangladesh Global Environmental and Occupational Health (GEOHealth) (NCT02824237) with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for 26 months among rural Bangladeshi women chronically exposed to household air pollution (HAP) from biomass fuel (BMF) use. We aimed to evaluate the effect of HAP reduction following LPG intervention on immune response outcome.

Methods: We supplied LPG cook stove and refills in cylinder in 200 households for 26 months.

Effect of maternal hypertensive disorder on their children's neurocognitive functioning in mediated via low birthweight and BMI not by brain cortical thickness.

The aim of the study was to examine the association between prenatal exposure to maternal Hypertensive disorder during pregnancy (HDP) on brain structure and neurocognitive functioning (NCF) in singleton children aged between 9 and 10 years using the baseline wave of the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. The ABCD Study interviewed each child (and their parents), measured NCF, and performed neuroimaging. Exposure to maternal high blood pressure (HBP) and preeclampsia or eclampsia (PE/EL) were extracted from the developmental history questionnaire.

Disparities in Compliance with Colorectal Cancer Screening: Evidence from Two US National Surveys.

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most preventable cancer if adherence to its screening guidelines through compliance with physician recommendations are met. Lack of access to care is the most significant barrier which was decreased by the Affordable Care Act (ACA), that may influence healthcare behaviors/practices. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting compliance with recommendations for CRC screening between two US National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS) in 2010 and 2015.

Acculturation gap conflicts and self-rated health among Hispanic emerging adults.

Introduction: Emerging adulthood is a distinct and challenging developmental stage of life. It may be particularly stressful for Hispanic emerging adults due to various cultural stressors. However, there is little research on the impact of one particular cultural stressor, the acculturation gap.

Effect of exposure to maternal diabetes during pregnancy on offspring's brain cortical thickness and neurocognitive functioning.

Little is known about the long-term effects of maternal diabetes during pregnancy (DP), either gestational diabetes or preexisting diabetes (type 1 or type 2), on offspring's brain morphometry and neurocognitive functioning (NCF). This study examined the effect of prenatal exposure to maternal DP on the brain structure and NCF in children between 9 and 10 years of age. This study used cross-sectional neuroimaging and NCF data from the baseline wave of the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development® study.

Comorbidities among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Florida: a network analysis.

People living with HIV (PLWH) experience a higher rate of age-related comorbidities at younger ages. Understanding common comorbidities among PLWH and their relationship to one another could be significant in improving aging for PLWH. The goal of the present study is to identify the most common comorbidities among PLWH and the relationship between them using network analysis.

Association of household air pollution with cellular and humoral immune responses among women in rural Bangladesh.

Household air pollution (HAP) arising from combustion of biomass fuel (BMF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries. Air pollution may stimulate pro-inflammatory responses by activating diverse immune cells and cyto/chemokine expression, thereby contributing to diseases. We aimed to study cellular immune responses among women chronically exposed to HAP through use of BMF for domestic cooking.

Cardiovascular diseases risk prediction in patients with diabetes: Posthoc analysis from a matched case-control study in Bangladesh.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the estimated 10-year predicted risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among participants with and without diabetes in Bangladesh.

Methods: We performed posthoc analysis from a matched case-control study conducted among 1262 participants. A total of 631 participants with diabetes (case) were recruited from a tertiary hospital, and 631 age, sex and residence matched participants (control) were recruited from the community in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Household biomass fuel use is associated with chronic childhood malnutrition: Result from a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Bangladesh.

Despite significant investment, childhood malnutrition continues to be a significant public health problem especially in least developed countries. The aim of this study was to find association between household biomass fuel (BMF) use and childhood malnutrition in Bangladesh using data from Demographic and Health Survey 2011. We included a total 6891 children under 5 years of age in the analysis.

Psychosocial stress, bicultural identity integration, and bicultural self-efficacy among Hispanic emerging adults.

Most studies on psychosocial stress among Hispanics have focused on risk factors. To better understand psychosocial stress among this population, this study aimed to examine components of bicultural identity integration and bicultural self-efficacy, that may be associated with lower psychosocial stress among Hispanic emerging adults (ages 18-25). This aim was tested on a cross-sectional sample of Hispanic emerging adults (M = 21.

Evaluating medicine prices, availability and affordability in Bangladesh using World Health Organisation and Health Action International methodology.

Background: Previous studies have shown limited availability of medicines in health facilities in Bangladesh. While medicines are dispensed for free in public facilities, they are paid out-of-pocket in private pharmacies. Availability, price and affordability are key concerns for access to medicines in Bangladesh.

Undiagnosed Isolated Systolic and Diastolic Hypertension Subtypes and Their Correlates in Bangladesh: A Nationwide Survey.

Objectives: This study was performed to identify the distribution of undiagnosed isolated hypertension subtypes and their correlates amongst adults aged 35 years and older in Bangladesh using data from the Bangladesh Demography and Health Survey 2011.

Methods: Out of a total of 17,964 selected households, 7,880 were included in the final analysis for this study. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were measured 3× at 10-minute intervals.

Access to primary health care for acute vascular events in rural low income settings: a mixed methods study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global mortality. Among the CVDs, acute vascular events (AVE) mainly ischemic heart diseases and stroke are the largest contributors. To achieve 25% reduction in preventable deaths from CVDs by 2025, health systems need to be equipped with extended service coverage in order to provide person-centered care.

Overweight and abdominal obesity as determinants of undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes in Bangladesh.

Background: Type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes are an increasing pandemic globally and often remain undiagnosed long after onset in low-income settings. The objective of this study is to assess the determinants and prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes among adults in Bangladesh.

Methods: In an exploratory study, we performed oral glucose tolerance test on 1243 adults ≥20 years of age from urban Mirpur, Dhaka (n = 518) and rural Matlab, Chandpur (n = 725) who had never been diagnosed with diabetes or pre-diabetes.

Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Bangladesh.

Rationale: There is a paucity of population-based data on COPD prevalence and its determinants in Bangladesh.

Objective: To measure COPD prevalence and socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants among ≥40 years Bangladeshi adults.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we measured lung function of 3744 randomly selected adults ≥40 years from rural and urban areas in Bangladesh, using a handheld spirometer.

Awareness and control of hypertension in Bangladesh: follow-up of a hypertensive cohort.

Objectives: To assess the effect of awareness and advice to seek care on blood pressure (BP) control among patients with hypertension in Bangladesh.

Design: Longitudinal study.

Setting: The study was carried out in icddr,b surveillance sites at rural Matlab in Chandpur district and semi-urban Kamalapur in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Smoking-attributable mortality in Bangladesh: proportional mortality study.

Objective: To directly estimate how much smoking contributes to cause-specific mortality in Bangladesh.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted with surveillance data from Matlab, a rural subdistrict. Cases (n = 2213) and controls (n = 261) were men aged 25 to 69 years who had died between 2003 and 2010 from smoking-related and non-smoking-related causes, respectively.

Adult cardiopulmonary mortality and indoor air pollution: a 10-year retrospective cohort study in a low-income rural setting.

Background: Indoor air pollution (IAP) due to solid fuel use is a major risk factor of respiratory and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Rural Matlab in Bangladesh has been partly supplied with natural gas since the early 1990s, which offered a natural experiment to investigate the long-term impact of IAP on cardiopulmonary mortality.

Objective: This study sought to compare adult cardiopulmonary mortality in relation to household fuel type as a surrogate for exposure to indoor air pollution.