A Comparative Study on the Management of Acute Otitis Externa Using Hydroxylated Polyvinyl Acetate Ichthammol Glycerine Wick Versus Cotton Ichthammol Glycerine Wick.

Introduction:  Acute otitis externa is a localized inflammation of the skin of the external auditory meatus. It is characterized by pain, edema, erythema, and itchy discomfort. Treatment includes topical and oral antibiotics, analgesics, steroids, and anti-inflammatory medication for the ear.

Role of hypoxia and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the formation and maintenance of oral cancer stem cells in oral squamous cell carcinomas and metastatic lymph node: An immunohistochemical analysis.

Background: Inspite of having advanced treatment modalities the overall survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains poor. This is considered to be mainly due to local recurrence and distant metastasis. Various studies have concentrated on the role of oral cancer stem cells (OCSCs) in the progression and metastasis of OSCC.

Expression of Salivary miRNA 21 in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF): An Observational Study.

Objective: To observe the expression patterns of salivary mRNA 21 in different stages and grades of OSMF and also in habitual areca nut chewers without OSMF.

Subjects And Methods: The study consisted of a total of 185 samples, where 61 patients had chewing habits (chewing gutkha and other forms of areca nut) and had OSMF (Group 1). 61 patients had chewing habits but did not have OSMF (Group 2), and 63 were normal healthy patients (control group) without any chewing habits (Group 3).

Assessment of epithelial-mesenchymal transition signatures in oral submucous fibrosis.

Background: Recently, the concept of field cancerization has questioned the accuracy of biopsy site selection clinically. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) has a global malignant transformation rate of 7.6% despite having less dysplastic changes clinically or histologically.

Depression: A Neglected Comorbidity in Patients with Tuberculosis.

Background: Psychiatric illness is often a neglected issue in patients with Tuberculosis (TB) in India. Depression among TB patients is a common comorbidity which is often unrecognised and untreated. It constitutes a major risk factor for higher default rates due to non-adherence to the treatment, thereby affecting the treatment outcome.

A Comparative Immunohistochemical Study of Presence and Distribution Pattern of Stromal Myofibroblast in Oral Dysplasia and in Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Aims And Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common oral malignancy with a poor survival rate. Early tumorigenesis is marked by transdifferentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts (MFs), which is supported by growth factors and cytokines expressed by tumor cells. The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) marker correlates with the activation of MFs.

Neural crest: The fourth germ layer.

The neural crest cells (NCCs), a transient group of cells that emerges from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube during early vertebrate development has been a fascinating group of cells because of its multipotency, long range migration through embryo and its capacity to generate a prodigious number of differentiated cell types. For these reasons, although derived from the ectoderm, the neural crest (NC) has been called the fourth germ layer. The non neural ectoderm, the neural plate and the underlying mesoderm are needed for the induction and formation of NC cells.

Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia in Oral Lesions: A Review.

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) is a histopathological reaction pattern to various stimuli, which includes trauma, infection, inflammation, neoplasia. It is seen as tongue like epithelial proliferation invading the connective tissue and should not be mistaken for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This review enlists oral lesions which exhibit PEH with a note on how to differentiate SCC from PEH.

Risk of tumor cell seeding through biopsy and aspiration cytology.

Cancer cells, besides reproducing uncontrollably, lose cohesiveness and orderliness of normal tissue, invade and get detached from the primary tumor to travel and set up colonies elsewhere. Dislodging neoplastically altered cells from a tumor during biopsy or surgical intervention or during simple procedure like needle aspiration is a possibility because they lack cohesiveness, and they attain the capacity to migrate and colonize. Considering the fact that, every tumor cell, is bathed in interstitial fluid, which drains into the lymphatic system and has an individualized arterial blood supply and venous drainage like any other normal cell in our body, inserting a needle or a knife into a tumor, there is a jeopardy of dislodging a loose tumor cell into either the circulation or into the tissue fluid.