Metabolomics in chronic pain research.

Background And Objective: Metabolomics deals with the identification and quantification of small molecules (metabolites) in biological samples. As metabolite levels can reflect normal or altered metabolic pathways, their measurement provides information to improve the understanding, diagnosis and management of diseases. Despite its immense potential, metabolomics applications to pain research have been sparse.

Correction to: Treatment Strategies for the Opioid-Dependent Patient.

The original version of this article contains an error in the gender listing of the first author in the Conflict of Interest statement.

Treatment Strategies for the Opioid-Dependent Patient.

Purpose Of Review: This review is intended to help the headache physician think through and plan for management issues concerning the use of opioids. We ask the headache physician to consider if there are instances where prescribing or continuing prescriptions of opiates is plausible, and if so, how can the physician proceed as safely as possible. Our goal is to start a conversation regarding the inevitable encounter with a patient on opiates or requesting opiates.