Objective: To evaluate the effect of 10% papain as an enamel deproteinising agent on the shear bond strength (SBS) of three orthodontic adhesives: Transbond XT, resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and Biofix.
Design: Single-centre, double-blinded, split-mouth randomised controlled trial.
Setting: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, India.
Objective: The present study aimed to compare and quantify the surface changes seen in two most commonly used orthodontic miniscrew implants (MSI) materials; titanium and stainless steel after their clinical use.
Methods: 40 MSIs (20 titanium and 20 stainless steel) were retrieved from the maxillary arch of 20 subjects (13 females and 7 males) in the age group of 18 - 27 years (mean age=22.4 ± 3.
Expert Rev Neurother
August 2018
Progressive myoclonus epilepsies (PMEs) constitute a rare and heterogeneous group of genetic disorders with a distinctive triad of myoclonus, seizures, and progressive neurological deterioration. PMEs, even though rare, are arguably the severest form of epilepsies accounting for <1% of all epilepsies with age at onset varying from infancy to adulthood, depending on the disease. A majority are inherited as autosomal recessive traits, however rare types following autosomal dominant and mitochondrial inheritance are also present.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman serum albumin (HSA) is a multifaceted protein with vital physiological functions. It is the most abundant plasma protein with inherent capability to bind to diverse ligands, and thus susceptible to various post-translational modifications (PTMs) which alter its structure and functions. One such PTM is glycation, a non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugar and protein leading to formation of heterogeneous advanced glycation end products (AGEs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Hyperglycemic condition in diabetes promotes formation of advanced glycation end products, which are known to elicit immune response and form complexes with immunoglobulins called circulating immune complexes. To investigate the involvement of advanced glycation end product (AGE)-modified proteins in the elicitation of an immune response, circulating immune complexes were isolated and proteins associated were identified and characterized. Label-free-based mass spectrometric analysis of circulating immune complexes in clinical plasma of prediabetic, newly diagnosed diabetes, and diabetic microalbuminurea revealed elevated levels of serum albumin in the circulating immune complexes, which were also observed to be AGE modified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Cell Proteomics
August 2015
Human serum albumin is one of the most abundant plasma proteins that readily undergoes glycation, thus glycated albumin has been suggested as an additional marker for monitoring glycemic status. Hitherto, only Amadori-modified peptides of albumin were quantified. In this study, we report the construction of fragment ion library for Amadori-modified lysine (AML), N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML)-, and N(ε)-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL)-modified peptides of the corresponding synthetically modified albumin using high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HR/AM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBoth enzymatic and nonenzymatic PTMs of proteins involve chemical modifications. Some of these modifications are prerequisite for the normal functioning of cell, while other chemical modifications render the proteins as "neo-self" antigens, which are recognized as "non-self" leading to aberrant cellular and humoral immune responses. However, these modifications could be a secondary effect of autoimmune diseases, as in the case of type I diabetes, hyperglycemia leads to protein glycation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe non-enzymatic reaction between glucose and protein can be chemically reversed by transglycation. Here we report the transglycation activity of hydralazine using a newly developed MALDI-TOF-MS based assay. Hydralazine mediated transglycation of HbA1c, plasma proteins and kidney proteins was demonstrated in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice, as evidenced by decrease in protein glycation, as well as presence of hydralazine-glucose conjugate in urine of diabetic mice treated with hydralazine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Various ligation techniques and materials have been shown to affect the frictional resistance and the rate of tooth movement with sliding mechanics for space closure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficiency of nonconventional elastomeric ligatures and conventional elastomeric ligatures during the canine retraction phase by comparing the rates of canine retraction.
Methods: The 20 patients (12 female, 8 male) in our sample had individual canine retraction (in the first premolar extraction space) in each quadrant (2 maxillary, 2 mandibular) with nonconventional elastomeric ligatures and conventional elastomeric ligatures on either side of the arch.
One of the many indications for dental arch expansion in treating malocclusion is to achieve arch compatibility, especially in surgical cases with severe Bolton discrepancies or collapsed arches due to congenitally missing anterior teeth. These cases usually require expansion in both the sagittal and transverse plane to achieve normal arch compatibility. Arch compatibility can be achieved by either dentoalveolar or skeletal expansion or both.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthodontics (Chic.)
July 2012
The size of the envelope of tooth movements using fixed mechanotherapy has been increased with the use of temporary anchorage devices (TADs). Orthodontic mini-implants, a form of TADs, have been successfully used for achieving a variety of tooth movements, such as bodily retraction, extrusion, protraction, and even intrusion of maxillary molars. However, the use of orthodontic mini-implants for intruding mandibular molars is questionable due to anatomical constraints.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthodontics (Chic.)
November 2012
Aim: To check the reliability of panoramic radiographs in assessing mesiodistal angulations while considering the true long axes of teeth in relation to a horizontal reference archwire.
Method: A clear anatomical typodont with removable teeth was used with 0.8-mm chromium steel balls glued over the incisal/occlusal and apical/furcal portions of teeth to serve as reference markers for representing true long axes of teeth on radiographs and photographs.
Glycation of proteins leading to formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has been considered as one of the important causes of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, in this study, glycated proteins were detected by anti-AGE antibodies from kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat showing nephropathic symptoms, by using two dimensional electrophoresis and western blot analysis. These glycated proteins were identified and characterized by using combination of peptide mass finger printing and tandem mass spectrometric approaches.
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