Catch-up immunization for adolescents and young adults during pre-travel consultation in Japan.

Rubella and measles outbreaks in adults occur because of unimmunized or partially immunized status. Travel clinics play an important role in catch-up measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella immunization for adults. We evaluated the need for catch-up measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella immunization by young adults at our travel clinic.

Varicella in Adult Foreigners at a Referral Hospital, Central Tokyo, Japan, 2012-2016.

We report a case series of varicella among adult foreigners at a referral hospital in central Tokyo, Japan, during 2012-2016. This series highlights differences in varicella vaccination schedules by country and epidemiology by climate and identifies immigrants and international students as high-risk populations for varicella.

Rabies post-exposure prophylactic vaccination for returning travelers to Japan.

Background: Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in Japan is administered using 6 subcutaneous doses (on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90), which is not in line with international recommendations of 4 or 5 intramuscular doses. For reducing dose frequency, we evaluate the immunogenicity of PEP with a regimen of 6 subcutaneous doses.

Method: This prospective single-center cross-sectional study was performed between September 2013 and December 2014.

Age-related differences in clinical characteristics of invasive group G streptococcal infection: Comparison with group A and group B streptococcal infections.

Purpose: Invasive Group G streptococcal infection (iGGS) has increasingly been recognized as a cause of severe disease, mainly among elderly people with chronic illnesses. This study aimed to examine age-related differences in clinical characteristics of iGGS and describe its characteristics among very elderly individuals (≥80 years).

Methods: Fifty-four iGGS patients for whom detailed clinical information was available were identified from 2002 to 2014 in a tertiary care hospital in Japan.

Imported Malaria at a Referral Hospital in Tokyo from 2005 to 2016: Clinical Experience and Challenges in a Non-Endemic Setting.

In this study, we reviewed imported malaria cases observed at the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, between 2005 and 2016, to comprehend their demographic and clinical characteristics. Data on 169 cases were used to analyze demographic information; data on 146 cases were used for the analysis of clinical information. The median patients' age was 34 years, and 79.

Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica Bacteremia Hospitalized Homeless Man with Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

We report a case of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica bacteremia in an elderly man in Japan who had squamous cell carcinoma. Blood cultures were initially negative for W. chitiniclastica but were positive on day 20.

Clinical characteristics and epidemiology of intestinal tapeworm infections over the last decade in Tokyo, Japan: A retrospective review.

Background: Tapeworm (cestode) infections occur worldwide even in developed countries and globalization has further complicated the epidemiology of such infections. Nonetheless, recent epidemiological data on cestode infections are limited. Our objectives were to elucidate the clinical characteristics and epidemiology of diphyllobothriosis and taeniosis in Tokyo, Japan.

Comparison of the clinical and microbiological characteristics of Campylobacter and Helicobacter bacteremia: the importance of time to blood culture positivity using the BACTEC blood culture systems.

Objective: Campylobacter spp. and Helicobacter spp. are rare but important causes of bacteremia in humans.

A Retrospective Single-center Analysis of 16 Cases of Imported Chikungunya Fever in Japan.

Objective Chikungunya fever (CHIK) is a re-emerging arboviral disease that is transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. There is limited information regarding the epidemiology and clinical information of imported CHIK in Japan. The objective of this study was to review the epidemiology and clinical information of imported CHIK patients treated at the National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM).

Experiences of Response Measures against the 4 Suspected Cases of Ebola Virus Disease from West Africa in the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

In Japan, infectious diseases are classified into 4 types based on how contagious and severe the pathogens are, and Ebola virus disease (EVD) is categorized as a category 1 infectious disease. The National Center for Global Health and Medicine in Tokyo, Japan, is designated as a specified hospital for category 1 infectious disease patients and has experienced 4 probable cases of EVD from West Africa. Even after the outbreak in West Africa is ended, we should continue to pay attention for new EVD outbreaks.

A Case of Dengue Fever Imported from Burkina Faso to Japan in October 2016.

Dengue fever remains underreported in Africa due to a lack of awareness among healthcare providers, the presence of other febrile illnesses, and insufficient laboratory testing. We present a case of dengue fever imported from Burkina Faso to Japan, where an outbreak of dengue was reported on October 18, 2016. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate from our patient belonged to a distinct cluster of sylvatic dengue viruses, suggesting that dengue viruses have been maintained in mosquitoes and human cycles in Burkina Faso for more than 30 years.

Role of classic signs as diagnostic predictors for enteric fever among returned travellers: Relative bradycardia and eosinopenia.

Background: The lack of characteristic clinical findings and accurate diagnostic tools has made the diagnosis of enteric fever difficult. We evaluated the classic signs of relative bradycardia and eosinopenia as diagnostic predictors for enteric fever among travellers who had returned from the tropics or subtropics.

Methods: This matched case-control study used data from 2006 to 2015 for culture-proven enteric fever patients as cases.

Detection of Zika virus in a traveller from Vietnam to Japan.

We report an imported case of Zika fever in a traveller from Vietnam. Zika virus (ZIKV) is currently widespread in Vietnam. Ongoing transmission of ZIKV has been reported in Southeast Asia, and with frequent travel between neighbouring regions, careful surveillance for imported cases is needed.

Amoxicillin and Ceftriaxone as Treatment Alternatives to Penicillin for Maternal Syphilis.

There is no proven alternative to penicillin for treatment of maternal syphilis. We report 2 case-patients with maternal syphilis who were successfully treated without penicillin. We used amoxicillin and probenecid for the first case-patient and amoxicillin, probenecid, and ceftriaxone for the second case-patient.

Successful treatment of recurrent bacteraemia by selective digestive decontamination with kanamycin in a lung cancer patient receiving chemotherapy.

Introduction: is an enterohepatic species causing bacteraemia in immunocompromised hosts. Only a few cases of recurrent bacteraemia have been reported in Japan and there are no guidelines regarding antimicrobial treatment for infection.

Case Presentation: bacteraemia was observed in a patient receiving platinum-based chemotherapy for lung cancer.

Imported Leptospira licerasiae Infection in Traveler Returning to Japan from Brazil.

We describe a case of intermediate leptospirosis resulting from Leptospira licerasiae infection in a traveler returning to Japan from Brazil. Intermediate leptospirosis should be included in the differential diagnosis for travelers with fever returning from South America. This case highlights the need for strategies that detect pathogenic and intermediate Leptospira species.

Chikungunya Fever in Traveler from Angola to Japan, 2016.

Simultaneous circulation of multiple arboviruses presents diagnostic challenges. In May 2016, chikungunya fever was diagnosed in a traveler from Angola to Japan. Travel history, incubation period, and phylogenetic analysis indicated probable infection acquisition in Angola, where a yellow fever outbreak is ongoing.

A fatal case of melioidosis with pancytopenia in a traveler from Indonesia.

Melioidosis, an infectious disease with high mortality, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in southeast Asia and northern Australia. In Indonesia, autochthonous cases have been rarely reported, with most cases being sporadic and occurring in travelers. Herein, we report a fatal case of neurological melioidosis in a traveler from Indonesia presenting with septic shock.

A case of consecutive infection with Zika virus and Chikungunya virus in Bora Bora, French Polynesia.

Chikungunya fever (CHIK) and Zika virus (ZIKV) infection have similar endemic areas and clinical manifestations. We report a case of CHIK at 1 year after a ZIKV infection in Bora Bora (French Polynesia), which we diagnosed based on IgM to the CHIK virus and neutralizing antibodies to ZIKV.

[A Case of Blackwater Fever after Treatment for Plasmodium falciparum Malaria].

Blackwater fever (BWF), which causes massive intravascular hemolysis and the passage of black-colored urine, is a poorly understood condition that is rarely seen during the course of malaria. Here, we present a case of BWF that developed after treatment for falciparum malaria complicated by hyperparasitemia in a Japanese traveler. A 29-year-old woman returning from Ghana visited our travel clinic with complaints of sudden fever and headache on the third day of illness.

Six Cases of Paratyphoid Fever Due to Salmonella Paratyphi A in Travelers Returning from Myanmar Between July 2014 and August 2015.

We report six cases of Salmonella enterica serotype Paratyphi A infections in travelers returning from Myanmar. In 2015, 31 cases of paratyphoid fever were reported in Japan, and 54.8% of those traveled to Myanmar.

[Unexpected Diseases in Two Patients with False-Positive Dengue Immunoglobulin M Antibody Test Results].

In 2014, an outbreak of 162 domestic dengue fever infections occurred in Tokyo, Japan; the first outbreak of its kind in 70 years. Nineteen of these cases were confirmed in our center. Advancements in diagnostic methods have enabled an earlier diagnosis of dengue fever; however, unfamiliarity with the clinical course and characteristics of diagnostic tests for dengue fever can lead to misdiagnosis.

Case Series of Imported Enteric Fever at a Referral Center in Tokyo, Japan: Antibiotic Susceptibility and Risk Factors for Relapse.

Owing to the increase in Salmonella strains with decreased fluoroquinolone susceptibility in the endemic areas, we have been treating enteric fever with intravenous ceftriaxone empirically since 2007. In this study, we reevaluated our treatment protocol. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single institute in Tokyo, Japan, between January 2006 and December 2013.