Frailty and the risk of age-related macular degeneration: a prospective cohort and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Both frailty and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are related to aging and may share some common mechanisms. We aimed to examine the observational and causal association between frailty and the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: We included 320,810 participants free of AMD at baseline from the UK Biobank.

Associations between brain structures, cognition and dual-task performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A study based on voxel-based morphology.

Background: This study aimed to explore the associations between brain structures, cognition, and motor control in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with a focus on dual-task performance.

Methods: Thirty MCI patients and thirty healthy controls were enrolled. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Loneliness and social isolation are associated with an increased risk of glaucoma: a UK Biobank cohort study.

Background: Loneliness and social isolation have been found to be associated with various health-related outcomes. Our study aimed to evaluate the association of loneliness and social isolation with the risk of glaucoma.

Methods: A total of 373,330 participants from the UK Biobank without glaucoma at recruitment were included in this study.

The differences of metabolic profiles, socioeconomic status and diabetic retinopathy in U.S. working-age and elderly adults with diabetes: results from NHANES 1999-2018.

Aims: Controlled metabolic factors and socioeconomic status (SES) was crucial for prevention of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The study aims to assess the metabolic factors control and SES among working-age adults (18-64 years) with diabetes compared to older adults (65 years and older).

Methods: Totals of 6738 participants with self-reported diagnosed diabetes from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included, of whom 3482 were working-age and 3256 were elderly.

Prevalence and predictors of developing vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy within the first three years of type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and vision-threatening DR (VTDR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stratified by the duration of diabetes and to identify the clinical variations and risk factors for VTDR occurring at different stages of T2DM.

Methods: This was a retrospective comparative study. Patients were divided into short- (≤3 years), intermediate- (3-7 years), and long-duration (>7 years) groups.

An interpretable model based on graph learning for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease with voice-related EEG.

Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity, presenting challenges in the identification of reliable electroencephalogram (EEG) biomarkers. Machine learning techniques have been integrated with resting-state EEG for PD diagnosis, but their practicality is constrained by the interpretable features and the stochastic nature of resting-state EEG. The present study proposes a novel and interpretable deep learning model, graph signal processing-graph convolutional networks (GSP-GCNs), using event-related EEG data obtained from a specific task involving vocal pitch regulation for PD diagnosis.

Walking pace and microvascular complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A cohort study from the UK Biobank.

Introduction: Walking pace is associated with various health-related outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between self-reported walking pace and the incidences of diabetic microvascular complications among participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Self-reported walking pace was classified as brisk, average, or slow.

Role of m6A methylation in retinal diseases.

Retinal diseases remain among the leading causes of visual impairment in developed countries, despite great efforts in prevention and early intervention. Due to the limited efficacy of current retinal therapies, novel therapeutic methods are urgently required. Over the past two decades, advances in next-generation sequencing technology have facilitated research on RNA modifications, which can elucidate the relevance of epigenetic mechanisms to disease.

Successful mechanical thrombectomy in acute bilateral M1 middle cerebral artery occlusion: a case report and literature review.

Background: Acute bilateral occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is a very rare condition, and most cases are accompanied by a poor prognosis. However, mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for bilateral MCA is challenging. Here, we report a case of acute unilateral MCA occlusion with sequential acute occlusion of the bilateral MCA during intravenous thrombolysis (IVT).

Transient receptor potential channel 6 knockdown prevents high glucose-induced Müller cell pyroptosis.

Background: Transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, but its role in diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains unknown. The aim of our study was to determine the role and mechanism of TRPC6 in DR.

Methods: High glucose was used to construct a DR cell model using rat retinal Müller cells (rMC-1).

The left inferior frontal gyrus is causally linked to vocal feedback control: evidence from high-definition transcranial alternating current stimulation.

Current models of speech motor control propose a role for the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in feedforward control of speech production. There is evidence, however, that has implicated the functional relevance of the left IFG for the neuromotor processing of vocal feedback errors. The present event-related potential (ERP) study examined whether the left IFG is causally linked to auditory feedback control of vocal production with high-definition transcranial alternating current stimulation (HD-tACS).

The endosomal sorting complex required for transport repairs the membrane to delay cell death.

The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery plays a key role in the repair of damaged plasma membranes with puncta form and removes pores from the plasma membrane in regulated cell death, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy. ESCRT-I overexpression and ESCRT-III-associated charged multivesicular body protein (CHMP) 4B participate in apoptosis, and the ESCRT-1 protein TSG 101 maintains low levels of ALIX and ALG-2 and prevents predisposition to apoptosis. The ESCRT-III components CHMP2A and CHMP4B are recruited to broken membrane bubble sites with the requirement of extracellular Ca, remove membrane vesicles from cells, and delay the time required for active MLKL to mediate necroptosis, thus preserving cell survival.

Aqueous Humor Biomarkers of Retinal Glial Cell Activation in Patients With or Without Age-Related Cataracts and With Different Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To clarify the expression of biomarkers of retinal glial cell activation in the aqueous humor (AH) of patients with and without age-related cataracts (ARCs) at different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Patients were stratified by the presence of ARCs and then grouped by the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), nonproliferative DR (NPDR), proliferative DR (PDR), and controls. Water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1), water channel aquaporin 4 (AQP4), inwardly rectifying potassium channel 4.

COVID-19 Home Quarantine Accelerated the Progression of Myopia in Children Aged 7 to 12 Years in China.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of home quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic on myopia progression in children and its associated factors.

Methods: Myopic children aged 7 to 12 years with regular follow-up visits every half a year from April 2019 to May 2020 were included. Cycloplegic refraction was measured at baseline and at two follow-up visits.

A Higher Serum Calcium Level is an Independent Risk Factor for Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses.

Objective: An elevated serum calcium level is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but its role in microvascular complications remains unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the association between serum calcium levels and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR).

Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional and longitudinal design.

Higher Serum Uric Acid Levels Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

Purpose: To investigate the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 3481 patients with type 2 diabetes from four communities in China between 2016 and 2019. VTDR was defined as severe nonproliferative, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, or clinically significant macular edema evaluated by fundus photography and optical coherence tomography.

Efficacy and Mechanism of Butylphthalide Combined with Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets in the Diagnosis of Cerebral Infarction Using Iodol/Fe₃O₄ Nanometric Contrast Agent.

To determine serum proteolytic activity, NO (nitric oxide) levels, TAC (total antioxidant capacity), and TOS (total oxidant status) in acute hemorrhagic stroke, the oxidative stress response mechanism of atorvastatin was studied in a rat model with cerebral infarction. All patient contrast agents are Iodol/Fe₃O₄ nanometric contrast agents. Serum prolinease activity, catalase activity, NO levels, TAC, and TOS were spectrophotometrically determined and the OSI (oxidative stress index) calculated.

Effect of miR-124 on PI3K/Akt signal pathway in refractory epilepsy rats.

This research aimed to investigate the effect of miR-124 on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in refractory epilepsy rats. Ten healthy SD rats were selected as a control group, thirty-six successfully established model rats were randomly divided into the model group, mir-124-agomir, mir-124-antagomir, mir-124-agomir+ LY294002 group (combined group), with 9 rats in each group. PI3K or (and) Akt expressions were intervened respectively.

High Glucose-Induced TRPC6 Channel Activation Decreases Glutamate Uptake in Rat Retinal Müller Cells.

High glucose (HG) increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to decreased glutamate uptake in Müller cells. The transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6) channel, an oxidative stress-sensitive Ca-permeable cationic channel, is readily detected in Müller cells and highly expressed under HG conditions. Yet, the effect of high glucose-induced TRPC6 channel activation in Müller cells is poorly understood.

Fenofibrate Exerts Protective Effects in Diabetic Retinopathy via Inhibition of the ANGPTL3 Pathway.

Purpose: Fenofibrate has been demonstrated to exert a promising therapeutic effect against diabetic retinopathy. Angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) has been shown to exert significant pathogenic effects on vascular endothelial cells, which are critically involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. The present study aimed to investigate the link between the therapeutic effects of fenofibrate and the pathogenic effects of ANGPTL3 in diabetic retinopathy.

12-h abstinence-induced functional connectivity density changes and craving in young smokers: a resting-state study.

Studying the neural correlates of craving to smoke is of great importance to improve treatment outcomes in smoking addiction. According to previous studies, the critical roles of striatum and frontal brain regions had been revealed in addiction. However, few studies focused on the hub of brain regions in the 12 h abstinence induced craving in young smokers.

Design of limited-stop service based on the degree of unbalance of passenger demand.

This paper presents a limited-stop service for a bus fleet to meet the unbalanced demand of passengers on a bus route and to improve the transit service of the bus route. This strategy includes two parts: a degree assessment of unbalanced passenger demand and an optimization of the limited-stop service. The degree assessment of unbalanced passenger demand, which is based on the different passenger demand between stations and the unbalance of passengers within the station, is used to judge whether implementing the limited-stop service is necessary for a bus route.