Diffractive hyperchromatic objective for chromatic confocal microscopy.

The limited focal shift of conventional achromatic objectives constrains the maximum imaging depth of chromatic confocal microscopes. To address this, we designed a hyperchromatic confocal microscope using diffractive optical elements, which was fabricated by single-point diamond turning (SPDT). This design takes advantage of the small Abbe number of diffractive optical elements to introduce a significant longitudinal chromatic shift.

Inhibition of voltage-gated Hv1 alleviates LPS-induced neuroinflammation via regulation of microglial metabolic reprogramming.

A growing body of evidence highlights the crucial role of metabolic reprogramming in activated immune cells, significantly contributing to both the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. The voltage-gated H channel (Hv1) has been reported to be involved in microglial activation and acts as a key driver of neuroinflammation. This study aimed to explore how Hv1-mediated metabolic reprogramming contributes to neuroinflammation and to assess the therapeutic potential of the Hv1 inhibitor 2-GBI in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation.

Different Sources of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Comparison of Subchondral, Mandibular, and Tibia Bone-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background: Stem cell properties vary considerably based on the source and tissue site of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The mandibular condyle is a unique kind of craniofacial bone with a special structure and a relatively high remodeling rate. MSCs here may also be unique to address specific physical needs.

Propofol inhibits neuroinflammation and metabolic reprogramming in microglia and .

Microglial activation-induced neuroinflammation is closely related to the development of sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Accumulating evidence suggests that changes in the metabolic profile of microglia is crucial for their response to inflammation. Propofol is widely used for sedation in mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis.

Isoschaftoside Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Microglia through Regulation of HIF-1-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming.

Isoschaftoside is a C-glycosyl flavonoid extracted from the root exudates of and . Previous studies suggested that C-glycosyl flavonoid has neuroprotective effects with the property of reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Microglia are key cellular mediators of neuroinflammation in the central nervous system.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 inhibitor attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation through metabolic reprogramming.

The atypical cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is considered a neuron-specific kinase that plays important roles in many cellular functions including neuronal migration, neuronal differentiation, synapse development, and synaptic functions. However, the role of CDK5 in microglia under physiological and pathological conditions remains unclear. This study showed that treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and increased expression of CDK5 in BV2 microglia in vitro.

The impact of benzo[a]pyrene on murine allergic airway inflammation via epigenetic remodeling.

Simultaneous exposure to both BaP and house dust mites (HDM) has been shown to exacerbate pulmonary inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a murine asthma model. The mechanistic insight into epigenetic inheritance for this effect, however, remains to be clarified. As such, in this study, we explore the molecular basis for the enhancement of asthma.

Diagnostic Value of MRI Lamellated Hyperintense Synovitis in Periprosthetic Infection of Hip.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lamellated hyperintense synovitis and periprosthetic infection of hip arthroplasty and estimate its value in the diagnosis of infection after hip replacement.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 50 patients who underwent MRI from January 2016 to June 2019 after hip replacement was performed. The MRI scanning was performed with a 1.

Long-term exposure to phenanthrene at environmental-level induces intestinal dysbiosis and disrupted hepatic lipid metabolism in mice.

Phenanthrene (Phe), among the most ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) existing in nature and foodstuffs, has severe effects on hepatic lipids metabolism. However, the detailed mechanism involved is still unknown. For environmental chemicals can disturb intestinal microbiota, which plays a vital role in lipids metabolism, we hypothesized that oral exposure to Phe may disrupt the intestinal microbiota, leading to the induction of an abnormal inflammatory response and lipid metabolism dysfunction.