Sulfonic acid functionalized monolithic column for high selectivity capillary electrochromatography separation.

A new nano-scale spherical vinyl-functionalized covalent organic polymer (TAPT-DVA-COP) with uniform sizes around 300 nm was initially constructed using 2,5-divinyl-1,4-benzaldehyde (DVA) and 2,4,6-tris(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TAPT) as monomers. Then, a sulfonic acid (-SOH) modified COP termed COP-SOH was developed based on post-sythesis method employing TAPT-DVA-COP as precursor. Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) monolithic columns were fabricated using the physical doping technique to exhibit the application potential of TAPT-DVA-COP and COP-SOH.

OAF is a DAF-like gene that controls ovule development in plants.

We previously found that the RING-type E3 ligase DEFECTIVE IN ANTHER DEHISCENCE1- (DAD1-) Activating Factor (DAF) controls anther dehiscence by activating the jasmonate biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis. Here, we show that in Arabidopsis, the DAF ancestor was duplicated into three genes (DAF, Ovule Activating Factor (OAF), DAFL2), which evolved divergent partial functions from their ancestor through subfunctionalization. In this case, DAF-DAD1-JA signaling regulates anther dehiscence, whereas OAF controls ovule development by negatively regulating cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 9 (CAD9) activity and being negatively regulated by miR847 itself in Arabidopsis.

Copper(I)-Iodide Clusters as Carriers for Regulating and Visualizing Release of Aroma Molecules.

Achieving the controlled release of functional substances is indispensable in many aspects of life. Especially for the aroma molecules, their effective delivery of flavor and fragrance is challenging. Here, selected pyridines, as highly volatile odorants, were individually coordinated with copper(I) iodide (CuI) a straightforward one-pot synthesis method, rapidly forming pure or even crystalline CuI cluster-based profragrances at room temperature.

Role of social organization engagement in high-risk groups intervention against HIV/AIDS: a case study from 176 cities of China.

Background: A high-risk prevention strategy is an effective way to fight against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The China AIDS Fund for Non-Governmental Organizations (CAFNGO) was established in 2015 to help social organizations intervene to protect high-risk populations in 176 cities. This study aimed to evaluate the role of social organizations in high-risk population interventions against HIV/AIDS.

[Determination of three penicillin residues in milk by solid-phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using a covalent triazine framework sorbent].

A method based on solid-phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-UPLC-MS/MS) was established for the determination of gpenicillin, cloxacillin, ampicillin residues in milk. Using self-made covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) as the solid-phase extraction sorbents, the main factors influencing the efficiency of the solid-phase extraction columns, such as the sorbent amount, eluent type, eluent volume, and flow rate, were optimized. The extraction and purification conditions for the samples were also investigated.

Bending modulus of the rippled graphene: the role of thickness.

Bending modulus is a key parameter to characterize the stiffness of materials. Commonly, it is believed that the bending modulus is closely related to the thickness as described by the thin plate theory. However, the thin plate theory fails in multilayer van der Waals materials like multilayer graphene, suggesting a more complex relationship between the bending modulus and thickness.

Tunable bending modulus and bending limit of oxidized graphene.

Graphene is highly flexible and widely used in flexible devices. However, is the oxidized graphene more flexible than graphene? This is still under debate between simulations and experiments. By employing density functional theory calculations, we show that the bending modulus of oxidized graphene is quite tunable by changing the type and coverage of the functional groups, as well as the bending direction.

The Gene ANTHER DEHISCENCE REPRESSOR (ADR) Controls Male Fertility by Suppressing the ROS Accumulation and Anther Cell Wall Thickening in Arabidopsis.

Male sterility in plants is caused by various stimuli such as hormone changes, stress, cytoplasmic alterations and nuclear gene mutations. The gene ANTHER DEHISCENCE REPRESSOR (ADR), which is involved in regulating male sterility in Arabidopsis, was functionally analyzed in this study. In ADR::GUS flowers, strong GUS activity was detected in the anthers of young flower buds but was low in mature flowers.