construction enhancing stress tolerance for ethanol production increase in the presence of inhibitors and mechanism analysis based on the comparative transcriptomics.

is considered the most promising large-scale production strain with ethanol as the main product. The fermentation of is generally inhibited under various stress conditions. Various inhibitors in the hydrolysate severely inhibit yeast proliferation and yeast accumulation.

Associations between periodontal disease severity and selected cardiometabolic risk factors.

Objectives: To explore associations between periodontal disease (PD) severity and cardiometabolic risk factors, including body mass index (BMI), age, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) risk, sex, and hypertension (HTN) in patients at an urban dental school clinic.

Methods And Materials: A cross-sectional study design was used to analyze electronic health record data, including periodontal status, demographic characteristics, cardiometabolic risk factors and the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test (DRT) Score. Chi-square tests and ordinal logistic regression were conducted using SAS 9.

Sensitivity and specificity of the ICDAS II system and bitewing radiographs for detecting occlusal caries using the Spectra™ caries detection system as the reference test in children.

Background: Most studies assessing the sensitivity and specificity of caries detection methods have been performed in vitro using the histological method as the gold standard showing inconsistent values. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity in detecting occlusal caries using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) with the radiographic method (RM), while using the Spectra™ Caries Detection System (SCDS) as the reference test.

Methods: One hundred sixty children, ages 7-12 years, participated in the study.

A survey on utilization and barriers of digital removable prostheses in the US dental education.

Purpose: Gaining knowledge on the extent of digital technology implementation in dental education and the barriers to it will help inform future directions to promote the use of such technology and will enhance dental education. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of digitally fabricated removable prostheses and the potential obstacles to implementing such technology in US dental schools.

Methods: A survey was developed and distributed to the restorative dentistry department chairs and postdoctoral prosthodontic program directors.

International investigation on temporary anchorage device use: A survey of orthodontists.

Background: This study investigates characteristics of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) use by surveying a sample of international orthodontists. Furthermore, the survey investigates the stability, insertion technique, and failure rate of TADs and professionals' experience in residency, and it also attempts to establish guidelines for its use in everyday practice.

Methods: A 19-question survey was sent to orthodontists worldwide asking opinion-based, case-specific, and placement technique questions regarding TADs.

Dental student success: The predictive value of first-year grades.

Purpose/objectives: This study investigates the relationship between first-year grades and cumulative grades at the end of dental school to explore trends in academic performance in the predoctoral dental curriculum. The objective of this research is to provide information to inform student support efforts for predoctoral dental programs.

Methods: Academic records for 156 students who completed their first year (D1) of predoctoral dental education in 2015/2016 were reviewed.

Characterization of a aflatoxin B1-degrading enzyme (TV-AFB1D) and its application in the AFB1 degradation of contaminated rice .

Aflatoxin B (AFB) contaminates rice during harvest or storage and causes a considerable risk to human and animal health. In this study, AFB-degrading enzyme (TV-AFBD) gene recombinantly expressed in engineered BL21 (DE3) and . The TV-AFBD enzymatic characteristics and AFB degradation efficiency in contaminated rice were investigated.

Generational perspectives of orthodontists in the U.S. and Canada: A survey study.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to identify differences between generations of orthodontists in the United States and to evaluate the perspective of each generation on widely debated topics in orthodontics.

Methods: A 22-item Institutional Review Board-approved survey was randomly distributed to orthodontists in the United States and Canada. Participants were asked questions about the use of technology, the future of clear aligner therapy, orthodontic education, student debt, marketing, and corporate orthodontics, among other topics.

Ethanol yield improvement in Saccharomyces cerevisiae GPD2 Delta FPS1 Delta ADH2 Delta DLD3 Delta mutant and molecular mechanism exploration based on the metabolic flux and transcriptomics approaches.

Background: Saccharomyces cerevisiae generally consumes glucose to produce ethanol accompanied by the main by-products of glycerol, acetic acid, and lactic acid. The minimization of the formation of by-products in S. cerevisiae was an effective way to improve the economic viability of the bioethanol industry.

CRISPR-Cas9 Approach Constructed Engineered with the Deletion of , , and to Enhance the Production of Ethanol.

Bioethanol plays an important value in renewable liquid fuel. The excessive accumulation of glycerol and organic acids caused the decrease of ethanol content in the process of industrial ethanol production. In this study, the CRISPR-Cas9 approach was used to construct engineering strains by the deletion of , , and for the improvement of ethanol production.

Growing future clinicians: Can the seeds of admission data determine success?

Purpose: Most students entering dental school have outstanding academic credentials. Despite this, some students face academic difficulties throughout their dental education. The study investigates outcomes at the end of the first-year and the end of the 4-year curriculum.

Altered Prevalence of Pulp Diagnoses in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex multisystemic disorder that affects an estimated 21 million Americans. No studies have evaluated the association of DM with the prevalence of each pulpal diagnosis. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of each pulp diagnosis including symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP), asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis, reversible pulpitis, normal pulp, and pulp necrosis (PN) in DM patients against a nondiabetic control group.

Phylogeographic structure of the dwarf snakehead () around Gulf of Tonkin: Historical biogeography and pronounced effects of sea-level changes.

Geological events, landscape features, and climate fluctuations have shaped the distribution of genetic diversity and evolutionary history in freshwater fish, but little attention has been paid to that around the Gulf of Tonkin; therefore, we investigated the phylogeographic structure of the dwarf snakehead () on Hainan Island and mainland China, as well as two populations in Vietnam. We attempted to elucidate the origins of freshwater fish in South Hainan by incorporating genetic data from DNA markers on both the mitochondrial cytochrome gene (cyt ) and the nuclear recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG-1). Mitochondrial phylogenetic analysis identified two major lineages (lineages A and B), which may represent separate species.

Immunohistochemical detection of hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α in vertebrates.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF4α) presents in multiple isoforms generated using alternative promoter (P1 and P2) and splicing. Neither conservation of tissue distribution of HNF4α isoforms, nor presence of alternative promoter usage is known. In this study, to detect the expression of HNF4α in some species of animals, we have applied monoclonal antibodies against P1 (K9218) and P2 (H6939) promoter-driven and P1/P2 promoter-driven H1415 HNF4α for immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis.

Recombinant Expression of Aflatoxin B-Degrading Enzyme (TV-AFBD) in Engineering GS115 and Application in AFB Degradation in AFB-Contaminated Peanuts.

Aflatoxins seriously threaten the health of humans and animals due to their potential carcinogenic properties. Enzymatic degradation approach is an effective and environmentally friendly alternative that involves changing the structure of aflatoxins. In this study, aflatoxin B-degrading enzyme gene (TV-AFBD) was integrated into the genome of GS115 by homologous recombination approach.

Analysis of the risk factors of linezolid-related haematological toxicity in Chinese patients.

What Is Known And Objectives: Haematological toxicity including thrombocytopenia, anaemia and leucopenia is the main adverse events of linezolid (LZD) therapy. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for LZD-induced haematological toxicity and define the threshold of plasma trough concentration to minimize the haematological toxicity.

Methods: 145 patients who received LZD for more than 10 days were retrospectively reviewed to determine the incidence of LZD-induced haematological toxicity.

Chromatin 3D interaction analysis of the STARD10 locus unveils FCHSD2 as a regulator of insulin secretion.

Using chromatin conformation capture, we show that an enhancer cluster in the STARD10 type 2 diabetes (T2D) locus forms a defined 3-dimensional (3D) chromatin domain. A 4.1-kb region within this locus, carrying 5 T2D-associated variants, physically interacts with CTCF-binding regions and with an enhancer possessing strong transcriptional activity.

Cryptic species in White Cloud Mountain minnow, Tanichthys albonubes: Taxonomic and conservation implications.

Cryptic species describe two or more species that had mistakenly been considered to be a single species, a phenomenon that has been found throughout the tree of life. Recognizing cryptic species is key to estimating the real biodiversity of the world and understanding evolutionary processes. Molecular methods present an unprecedented opportunity for biologists to question whether morphologically similar populations are actually cryptic species.

Spatial genetic structure of in South China.

South China presents an excellent opportunity to build a phylogeographic paradigm for complex geological history, including mountain lifting, climate change, and river capture/reversal events. The phylogeography of cyprinids, particularly , an endemic species restricted to South China, was examined to explore the relationship between the populations in Red River, Hainan Island and its adjacent mainland China. A total of 37 haplotypes were genotyped for the mitochondrial cytochrome (Cyt ) gene in 115 specimens from 11 river systems.

Is maxillary diastema an appropriate site for implantation in rats?

Background: Implantology or implant dentistry is growing fast during last four decades. Facing the growing demand of implant treatment, there are extreme challenges to clinicians and researchers. First is peri-implantitis with remarkable prevalence.

Roundabout1 distribution in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases with a focus on neoangiogenesis.

Slit and its receptor Roundabout (Robo) are important for neuronal development and neo-angiogenesis in various neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. Angiogenesis is a key factor for tumor growth and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic inflammation Recently, over-expression of Slit/Robo1 family proteins has been reported in several types of malignancy. We explored the expression of Robo1 in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases with a focus on newly formed blood vessels.