Multi-gene metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris to synthesize ectoine.

As a promising osmolyte, ectoine has been widely applied in cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries in recent years, therefore its biomanufacturer has attracted increasing interest. Ectoine-producing isolates were previously screened from halophilic microorganisms. After ectoine synthetase was identified, genetic engineering of Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Hansenula polymorpha were employed to produce ectoine.

Ibuprofen prevents the conjugative transfer of plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance genes.

Refractory infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a significant threat to public health. Here we report that ibuprofen inhibits conjugation of the RP4 plasmid and plasmids from clinical strains carrying different resistance genes including mcr-1, bla, bla, tet(X4), and tmexCD1-toprJ1. Mechanistic studies suggest that ibuprofen reduces ATP production and inhibits conjugation-related genes.

JAK/STAT3 signaling promotes pain and depression-like behaviors in rats with bone cancer pain by regulating Th17 cell differentiation.

Background: Pain and depression are common complications in patients with advanced cancer, which significantly affects their quality of life and survival. Dysregulation of the JAK/STAT3 pathway in the central nervous system is associated with pain and brain inflammatory disorders, but its role in bone cancer pain (BCP) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the specific role of the JAK/STAT3 pathway in the amygdala in BCP.

Current Understanding on the Heterogenous Expression of Plastic Depolymerising Enzymes in .

Enzymatic depolymerisation is increasingly recognised as a reliable and environmentally friendly method. The development of this technology hinges on the availability of high-quality enzymes and associated bioreaction systems for upscaling biodegradation. Microbial heterologous expression systems have been studied for meeting this demand.

Inactivation of Lipopolysaccharide-Biosynthesizing Genes Altered Lipids Composition and Intensity in .

Gram-negative bacteria possess an asymmetric outer membrane, where the outer leaflet consists of LPSs and the inner leaflet comprises phospholipids. , an opportunistic milk-borne pathogen that causes severe neonatal meningitis and bacteremia, displays diverse lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structures. As a barrier of the bacterial cell, LPSs likely influenced resistance to environment stresses; however, there are no research reports on this aspect, hindering the development of novel bactericidal strategies overcoming the pathogen's resilience.

Complete genome sequence of ES191 generated by PacBio sequencing.

We present the complete genome of ES191, isolated from New Zealand in 2011 and known for its strong biofilm ability. The genome consists of a 4,309,604-base pair (bp) circular chromosome (56.9% GC) and a 165,613-bp circular plasmid (55.

The STING signaling pathways and bacterial infection.

As antibiotic-resistant bacteria continue to emerge frequently, bacterial infections have become a significant and pressing challenge to global public health. Innate immunity triggers the activation of host responses by sensing "non-self" components through various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), serving as the first line of antibacterial defense. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a PRR that binds with cyclic dinucleotides (CDN) to exert effects against bacteria, viruses, and cancer by inducing the production of type I interferon and inflammatory cytokines, and facilitating regulated cell death.

Management strategies and outcomes in pregnancy-related acute aortic dissection: a multicentre cohort study in China.

Background: Acute aortic dissection (AD) in pregnancy poses a lethal risk to both mother and fetus. However, well-established therapeutic guidelines are lacking. This study aimed to investigate clinical features, outcomes and optimal management strategies for pregnancy-related AD.

Genome sequences of three plastic-debris-inhabiting fungi isolated from New Zealand waste and recycling management plants.

and are cosmopolitan fungi of the class Dothideomycetes with few cultured and genomic representatives. Here, we report draft reference genome sequences of sp. F181 (GenBank accession number JAJSLS01), sp.

Modified Single-Working Portal Technique Using Percutaneous Spinal Needle Suture Passing in Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair.

The main method for arthroscopic repair of the subscapularis is repair with suture anchors. The surgeon generally establishes the anterior and anterolateral operation portals to complete anchor implantation and suture passing, respectively. The single-operation portal technique has been developed recently.

REV-ERBα negatively regulates NLRP6 transcription and reduces the severity of infection in mice.

Non-typhoidal infection is among the most frequent foodborne diseases threatening human health worldwide. The host circadian clock orchestrates daily rhythms to adapt to environmental changes, including coordinating immune function in response to potential infections. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay between the circadian clock and the immune system in modulating infection processes are incompletely understood.

NLRP6 induces RIP1 kinase-dependent necroptosis via TAK1-mediated p38/MK2 phosphorylation in . infection.

Programmed cell death (PCD) is tightly orchestrated by molecularly defined executors and signaling pathways. NLRP6, a member of cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors, has a multifaceted role in host resistance to bacterial infection. However, whether and how NLRP6 may contribute to regulate host PCD during Gram-negative bacterial infection remain to be illuminated.

Exploring patient delay in people with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study.

To examine the factors that contribute to patient delays among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and offer insights to help develop specific risk management strategies. Conducted as a cross-sectional study between September 2021 and April 2022, this study used a convenient sampling technique to select 245 individuals diagnosed with CKD from a Grade 3 Class A hospital located in Shanxi Province. These individuals were chosen as the subjects of the study.

The Investigation of Changes in Bacterial Community of Pasteurized Milk during Cold Storage.

The quality of pasteurized milk is commonly assessed through microbiological analysis, with variations in storage conditions significantly impacting the suppression of bacterial growth throughout the milk's shelf life. This study investigated the dynamics of total bacterial counts (TBCs) and bacterial community shifts in milk that underwent pasteurization at 80 °C for 15 s. The milk was subsequently stored at 4 °C for varying intervals of 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, and 16 days.

Effects and mechanisms of Salmonella plasmid virulence gene spv on host-regulated cell death.

Salmonella is responsible for the majority of food poisoning outbreaks around the world. Pathogenic Salmonella mostly carries a virulence plasmid that contains the Salmonella plasmid virulence gene (spv), a highly conserved sequence encoding effector proteins that can manipulate host cells. Intestinal epithelial cells are crucial components of the innate immune system, acting as the first barrier of defense against infection.

Salmonella spvC gene suppresses macrophage/neutrophil antibacterial defense mediated by gasdermin D.

Objective: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a representative model organism for investigating host-pathogen interactions. It was reported that S.

Inactivation of Carotenogenic-Biosynthesizing Genes Altered Lipids Composition and Intensity in .

, an opportunistic milk-borne pathogen responsible for severe neonatal meningitis and bacteremia, can synthesize yellow pigment (various carotenoids) benefiting for bacterial survival, while little literature was available about the influence of various carotenoids on bacterial resistance to a series of stresses and the characteristics of cell membrane, obstructing the development of novel bactericidal strategies overcoming the strong tolerance of . Thus in this study, for the first time, five carotenogenic genes of BAA-894 were inactivated, respectively, to construct a series of mutants producing various carotenoids and their effects on the cell membrane properties, and resistances to food- and host-related stresses, were investigated systematically. Furthermore, to explore its possible mode of action, comparative lipidomics analysis was performed to reveal the change of lipids that were mainly located at cell membranes.

N6-methyladenosine demethylase FTO regulates synaptic and cognitive impairment by destabilizing PTEN mRNA in hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rats.

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) can result in significant global rates of neonatal death or permanent neurological disability. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of RNA influences fundamental aspects of RNA metabolism, and m6A dysregulation is implicated in various neurological diseases. However, the biological roles and clinical significance of m6A in HIBD remain unclear.

Patient delay in chronic kidney disease: A qualitative study.

This study aimed to investigate the reasons for patient delay in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and provide a scientific basis for implementing effective interventions. With the adoption of the phenomenological method in qualitative research, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 14 cases, and the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was used to analyze the interview data and refine the themes. A total of 4 themes were obtained, namely, a cognitive explanation of illness, negative psychological emotions, socioeconomic levels, and limited medical resources.

[Corrigendum] MicroRNA‑218 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by targeting BMI1.

Following the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that the 'Control' and 'miR‑218 / BMI1' data panels for the Transwell invasion assay experiments shown in Figs. 4D and 5D on p. 100 and 101 respectively contained apparently overlapping data, albeit presented in different orientations, such that these data would have been derived from the same original source, even though they were intended to have shown the results from different experiments.

Enhancement of Cell Adhesion by Nucleolin-Interacting Protein AFAP.

, the aetiologic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. During infection, enhances the adhesion of neutrophils to the infected endothelial cells. However, the bacterial factors contributing to this phenomenon remain unknown.