Katanin, kinesin-13, and ataxin-2 inhibit premature interaction between maternal and paternal genomes in zygotes.

Fertilization occurs before the completion of oocyte meiosis in the majority of animal species and sperm contents move long distances within the zygotes of mouse and . If incorporated into the meiotic spindle, paternal chromosomes could be expelled into a polar body resulting in lethal monosomy. Through live imaging of fertilization in , we found that the microtubule disassembling enzymes, katanin and kinesin-13 limit long-range movement of sperm contents and that maternal ataxin-2 maintains paternal DNA and paternal mitochondria as a cohesive unit that moves together.

Katanin, kinesin-13 and ataxin-2 inhibit premature interaction between maternal and paternal genomes in zygotes.

Fertilization occurs before completion of oocyte meiosis in the majority of animal species and sperm contents move long distances within zygotes of mouse and . If incorporated into the meiotic spindle, paternal chromosomes could be expelled into a polar body resulting in lethal monosomy. Through live imaging of fertilization in , we found that the microtubule disassembling enzymes, katanin and kinesin-13 limit long range movement of sperm contents and that maternal ataxin-2 maintains paternal DNA and paternal mitochondria as a cohesive unit that moves together.

Severe pneumonia and pathogenic damage in human airway epithelium caused by Coxsackievirus B4.

Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) has one of the highest proportions of fatal outcomes of other enterovirus serotypes. However, the pathogenesis of severe respiratory disease caused by CVB4 infection remains unclear. In this study, 3 of 42 (7.

Abnormal liver function in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection of adenoviruses: a retrospective study.

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) can cause acute hepatitis in immunocompromised patients. However, it is unclear whether HAdVs are contributors to hepatitis in immunocompetent children. In this study, the liver function test (LFT) results were retrospectively analyzed among children hospitalized (age < 14 years) between January 2016 and October 2019 for acute respiratory infection caused by adenoviruses.

Abnormal liver function in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection of adenoviruses: a retrospective study.

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) can cause acute hepatitis in immunocompromised patients. However, it is unclear whether HAdVs are contributors to hepatitis in immunocompetent children. In this study, the liver function test (LFT) results were retrospectively analyzed among children hospitalized (age <14 years) between January 2016 and October 2019 for acute respiratory infection caused by adenoviruses.

Improving the efficiency and biosafety of respiratory syncytial virus identification using a nucleic acid extraction-free reagent.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important virus that causes lower respiratory tract disease in children; efficient viral identification is an important component of disease prevention and treatment. Here, we developed and evaluated a ready-to-use (RTU) nucleic acid extraction-free direct reagent for identification of RSV (RTU-Direct test) in clinical samples. The limit of detection (LOD) of the RSV RTU-Direct test was consistent with the LOD of the standard test using extracted nucleic acids.

Human Adenovirus Subtype 21a Isolates From Children With Severe Lower Respiratory Illness in China.

Human adenovirus type 21 (HAdV-21) is an important pathogen associated with acute respiratory infection (ARI), but it was rarely reported and characterized so far. In this study, 151 of 1,704 (8.9%) pediatric patients (≤14 years old) hospitalized with ARI in Guangzhou, China in 2019 were positive for HAdV which was the third most frequently detected pathogen.

Analysis of severe human adenovirus infection outbreak in Guangdong Province, southern China in 2019.

During 2018-2019, a severe human adenovirus (HAdV) infection outbreak occurred in southern China. Here, we screened 18 respiratory pathogens in 1704 children (≤ 14 years old) hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Guangzhou, China, in 2019. In total, 151 patients had positive HAdV test results; 34.

Establishment and evaluation of a 30-minute detection method for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid using a novel ultra-fast real-time PCR instrument.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still raging worldwide. Efficient, fast and low-cost severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid detection methods are urgently needed.

Methods: A rapid PCR temperature change mode was explored by moving the reaction tube between the independent temperature modules with large temperature differences and a portable ultra-fast real-time PCR instrument were developed.

Two novel human coronavirus OC43 genotypes circulating in hospitalized children with pneumonia in China.

HCoV-OC43 is one of the mildly pathogenic coronaviruses with high infection rates in common population. Here, 43 HCoV-OC43 related cases with pneumonia were reported, corresponding genomes of HCoV-OC43 were obtained. Phylogenetic analyses based on complete genome, orf1ab and spike genes revealed that two novel genotypes of HCoV-OC43 have emerged in China.

Epidemiology and Genetic Variabilities of Human Adenovirus Type 55 Reveal Relative Genome Stability Across Time and Geographic Space in China.

After the first outbreak in China in 2006, human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-B55) has become a common pathogen causing life threatening pneumonia in northern China. However, HAdV-B55 infection has been rarely reported in southern China. Here, we collected throat swabs from 3,192 hospitalized children with acute respiratory disease (ARD) from May 2017 to April 2019 in Guangzhou, southern China, tested them for HAdV-B55 infection.

Protein profile of well-differentiated versus un-differentiated human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells.

Un-differentiated (UD) and well-differentiated (WD) normal human primary bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells are important respiratory cell models. Mature, WD cells which can be derived by culturing UD cells at an air-liquid interface represent a good surrogate for human airway epithelium. The overall protein profile of WD cells is poorly understood; therefore, the current study evaluated the proteomic characteristics of WD and UD cells using label-free LC-MS/MS and LC-PRM/MS.

Discovery of a subgenotype of human coronavirus NL63 associated with severe lower respiratory tract infection in China, 2018.

Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) is primarily associated with common cold in children, elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Outbreaks caused by HCoV-NL63 are rare. Here we report a cluster of HCoV-NL63 cases with severe lower respiratory tract infection that arose in Guangzhou, China, in 2018.

Paramyxoviruses respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and human metapneumovirus infection in pediatric hospitalized patients and climate correlation in a subtropical region of southern China: a 7-year survey.

To investigate the features of paramyxovirus respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection and determine the effect of meteorological conditions in Guangzhou, a subtropical region of southern China. We collected 11,398 respiratory samples from hospitalized pediatric patients with acute respiratory illness between July 2009 and June 2016 in Guangzhou. The samples were tested simultaneously for 18 respiratory pathogens using real-time PCR.

[Construction of real-time polymerase chain reaction detection for infection-related cytokines of tree shrew].

Tree shrew is a novel and high-quality experimental animal model. In this study, the real-time polymerase chain reaction methods were established to detect infection-related cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and housekeeping gene glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase ( ) of tree shrew. The results indicated that the establised methods had good specificity.

Identification of adenovirus neutralizing antigens using capsid chimeric viruses.

Human adenoviruses (HAdV) 3 and 7 can cause acute respiratory disease epidemics and outbreaks. Identification of neutralizing epitopes is vital for surveillance and vaccine development. In this study, we generated the recombinant capsid-chimeric human adenoviruses rAd3E-Fk7, containing the Ad3E backbone and the HAdV-7 fiber knob, and rAd3E-H7Fk7, which contain an Ad3E backbone but HAdV-7 hexon and fiber knob.

A tetravalent vaccine comprising hexon-chimeric adenoviruses elicits balanced protective immunity against human adenovirus types 3, 7, 14 and 55.

Human adenovirus (Ad) species B contains several of the most important types associated with acute respiratory diseases, Ad3, -7, -14 and -55, which often lead to severe lower respiratory tract diseases and epidemic outbreaks. However, there is currently no Ad vaccine approved for general use. The major capsid protein, hexon, is the primary determinant recognized by neutralizing antibodies (NAbs).

Epidemiological and clinical features of human metapneumovirus in hospitalised paediatric patients with acute respiratory illness: a cross-sectional study in Southern China, from 2013 to 2016.

Objectives: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is one of the most important respiratory viral pathogens affecting infants and children worldwide. Our study describes the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HMPV present in patients hospitalised with acute respiratory illness (ARI) in Guangzhou, Southern China.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Epidemiology and Clinical Presentations of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroups A and B Detected with Multiplex Real-Time PCR.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most important pathogenic infections of children and requires in-depth research worldwide, and especially in developing countries. We used a novel multiplex real-time PCR to test 5483 patients (≤ 14 years old) hospitalized with respiratory illness in Guangzhou, China, over a 3-year period. Of these patients, 729 were positive for RSV-A (51.

New Epidemiological and Clinical Signatures of 18 Pathogens from Respiratory Tract Infections Based on a 5-Year Study.

Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a heavy burden on society. However, due to the complex etiology of RTIs, the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these infections remain challenging, especially in developing countries.

Methods: To determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 18 respiratory pathogens, we analyzed 12,502 patients with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) by performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on patient pharyngeal swabs.