Weakening O-Intermediates Adsorption Strength Over the Pd Metallene via Lewis-Acidic Site Modulation for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction.

The reasonable design and modulation of the electronic properties of Pd metallene are acknowledged as a promising avenue for enhancing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), yet they remain a formidable challenge. Herein, a thin-sheet structure of Zr-doped Pd metallene (PdZr metallene) with abundant defects is proposed using a facile wet-chemical approach for efficient and highly durable ORR electrocatalysis. Multiple microstructural analyses uncover that orchestrated electronic and oxophilic regulation of PdZr metallene via Lewis-acidic Zr site modulation could concurrently optimize the electronic configuration of Pd, downshift the d-band center of Pd, and, thus, promote the intrinsic activity.

Tailam paramyxovirus C protein inhibits viral replication.

Jeilongviruses are emerging single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses in the Paramyxoviridae family. Tailam paramyxovirus (TlmPV) is a that was identified in 2011. Very little is known about the mechanisms that regulate viral replication in these newly emerging viruses.

Eugenol alleviates Salmonella Typhimurium-infected cecal injury by modulating cecal flora and tight junctions accompanied by suppressing inflammation.

Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) mainly exists in poultry and poultry related products, which are common sources of human salmonellosis. So, ST is an important zoonotic pathogen that threatens public health and safety. Eugenol has been noted for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and it is expected to develop into an antibacterial therapy in vivo.

Kinetics and mechanism study of dyes degradation in electric field-promoting catalytic wet air oxidation process.

Wet air oxidation (WAO) is a clean and eco-friendly technology for dyes removal, but the high operating temperature and pressure limit its practical application. In the present work, an electric field-promoting (EF-promoting) catalytic WAO process is developed to degrade dyes under room condition. The oxidation kinetics of four different types of dyes and their degradation pathways are studied.

The C-Terminal 300 Amino Acid Residues of the G Protein and Putative Open Reading Frame X of the G Gene of Tailam Paramyxovirus (TlmPV) Are Not Required for Replication in Tissue Culture Cells.

Tailam paramyxovirus (TlmPV) was identified in Sikkim Rats in Hong Kong, China in 2011. Its negative sense RNA genome is similar to J paramyxovirus (JPV) and Beilong paramyxovirus (BeiPV), the prototypes of the recently established genus TlmPV genome is predicted to have eight genes in the order 3'-N-P/V/C-M-F-SH-TM-G/X-L-5'. The predicted size of the TlmPV G protein is 1,052 amino acid (aa) residues and much larger than G proteins of typical paramyxoviruses, which are often less than 800 aa.

Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Study of Salt-Processed Product of Cuscutae Semen with Hepatoprotective Effects.

Background: Salt-processed product of cuscutae semen (SCS), which is documented in Chinese pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), is one of the processed products of cuscustae semen. SCS possesses hepatoprotective effects. However, Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) study of SCS with intervening acute liver injury (ALI) has not been reported yet.

Tea tree oil nanoliposomes: optimization, characterization, and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli in vitro and in vivo.

The purpose of this study was to formulate tee tree oil nanoliposomes (TTONL) and evaluate its characterization and antibacterial activity. TTONL was prepared by thin film hydration and sonication technique, and the preparation conditions were optimized by Box-behnken response surface method. The characterization (morphology, size, zeta potential, and stability) and antibacterial activity of TTONL against Escherichia coli (E.

Bactericidal activity of gallic acid against multi-drug resistance Escherichia coli.

The continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has posed an increasingly serious public health threat which urges people to develop some alternatives. Gallic acid (GA) is a natural ingredient in many traditional Chinese medicines, which has many biological activities, such as antibacterial, and antiseptic. Here, clinical isolates of MDR Escherichia coli (E.

Polysaccharide from Koidz binding with zinc oxide nanoparticles: Characterization, immunological effect and mechanism.

Koidz () has been used both as a traditional medicine and functional food for hundreds of years in Asia. And it has a variety of biological activities, such as enhancing the ability of immunity and modulating effect on gastrointestinal motility. In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide with molecular weight of 2.

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based plasma metabolomics study of hepatoprotective effect of cuscutae semen on CCl -induced liver injury model of rats.

Hepatic disorders are a serious health problem threatening human beings. Cuscutae semen (CS), a widely used Chinese medicine, is a tonic to nourish the liver and kidney. Our research aimed to assess the hepatoprotective effect of CS on CCl -induced liver injury rats using plasma metabolomics.

Activation of RAW264.7 macrophage by Exopolysaccharide from Aphanothece halaphytica (EPSAH) and the underlying mechanisms.

Exopolysaccharide from Aphanothece halophytica (EPSAH), a potent antitumor agent and immunological adjuvant, was investigated for the activation effect on RAW264.7 macrophages and the underlying mechanisms. EPSAH could significantly enhance macrophage phagocytosis and the secretion of nitric oxide, increase the mRNA expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α), anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and chemokines (MCP-1 and MIP-1α).

Specific recombinant proteins of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus are immunogenic, revealing their potential use as diagnostic markers.

Given the highly contagious and acute nature of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), especially in piglets, there is an urgent need for the development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic assays. The diagnostic potentials of specific porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) accessory and nonstructural proteins, if any, have not yet been investigated. In order to determine and compare which of the viral proteins may be useful as diagnostic antigens, whole virus (WV) particles and a panel of structural and nonstructural PEDV proteins [spike subunit 1 (S1), the C-terminal part of ORF3 (ORF3C), envelope (E), nonstructural protein 1 (Nsp1), Nsp2, Ac (acidic domain of Nsp3), and ADRP (ADP-ribose-1-monophosphatase domain of Nsp3), expressed individually in bacterial and/or mammalian cells] were tested for reactivity with sera from PEDV-infected pigs by ELISA and/or western blot analysis.

Characterization of a novel bat-HKU2-like swine enteric alphacoronavirus (SeACoV) infection in cultured cells and development of a SeACoV infectious clone.

Swine enteric alphacoronavirus (SeACoV), also known as swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), belongs to the species Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2. Herein, we report on the primary characterization of SeACoV in vitro. Four antibodies against the SeACoV spike, membrane, nucleocapsid and nonstructural protein 3 capable of reacting with viral antigens in SeACoV-infected Vero cells were generated.

Discrimination of Different Parts of Saffron by Metabolomic-Based Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with High-Definition Mass Spectrometry.

In this study, the metabolite profiling of three different parts of Crocus sativus L. was measured by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTof-MS/MS). Multivariate statistical analysis was used to distinguish among the samples from different parts.

Remarkable impact of steam temperature on ginsenosides transformation from fresh ginseng to red ginseng.

Background: Temperature is an essential condition in red ginseng processing. The pharmacological activities of red ginseng under different steam temperatures are significantly different.

Methods: In this study, an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry was developed to distinguish the red ginseng products that were steamed at high and low temperatures.

Compounds Identification in Semen Cuscutae by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLCs) Coupled to Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

Semen Cuscutae is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine and contains a series of compounds such as flavonoids, chlorogenic acids and lignans. In this study, we identified different kinds of compositions by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 45 compounds were observed, including 20 chlorogenic acids, 23 flavonoids and 2 lignans.

Purification, characterization and biological effect of reversing the kidney-yang deficiency of polysaccharides from semen cuscutae.

Semen cuscutae is a well-known Chinese medicine which has been used to nourish kidney. It is the first study to demonstrate that the polysaccharides from semen cuscutae showed significant activity of nourishing kidney-yang by increasing the levels of testosterone and estradiol, decreasing the level of blood urea nitrogen, improving immune function, possessing antioxidant effect. Three homogeneous polysaccharides were obtained by DEAE-cellulose and Sephacryl S-400 which were named as C-7WR1, C-7WR2 and C-7WR3 with average molecular weight of 7.

Identification and Analysis of Amygdalin, Neoamygdalin and Amygdalin Amide in Different Processed Bitter Almonds by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPLC-DAD.

Processing is a traditional pharmacy technology based on traditional Chinese medicine theory. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ingredients should be processed before being used as a medicine. Processed bitter almonds are widely used in the clinic in TCM for the treatment of cough and asthma.

Sub-chronic toxicity study of arecae semen aqueous extract in Wistar rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Arecae semen, the ripe seed of Areca catechu L., has been used as vermifuge and digestant in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the potential toxicity effect of arecae semen has not been completely investigated.

Chemical Comparison of Two Drying Methods of Mountain Cultivated Ginseng by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and Multivariate Statistical Analysis.

In traditional Chinese medicine practice, drying method is an essential factor to influence the components of Chinese medicinal herbs. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)-based approach was used to compare the content of chemical compounds of mountain cultivated ginseng that had been natural air dried (LX-P) and vacuum freeze-dried (LX-L). Multivariate statistical analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised orthogonal partial least squared discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to select the influential components of different samples.

Molecular mechanisms of exopolysaccharide from Aphanothece halaphytica (EPSAH) induced apoptosis in HeLa cells.

The present study aims to investigate the pharmacological effect of the exopolysaccharides from Aphanothece halophytica GR02 (EPSAH) on the HeLa human cervical cancer cell line. HeLa cells were cultured in RPMI-1640-10% FBS medium containing with or without different concentrations of EPSAH. Cell viability was assessed by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay.

[Primary study on quality standard of carbonizing drug characteristic of ginger carbon].

Objective: To establish the quality standard for carbonizing drug characteristic of ginger carbon.

Method: Gingers and different carbonized gingers were compared by the absorption of pigment, tannin content, pH, mouth's coagulation time and bleeding time.

Result: The study resulted in the recommended carbonizing standard that the absorption capacity shall not be less than 7.