Institutions and cooperation: A meta-analysis of structural features in social dilemmas.

Cooperation underlies the ability of groups to realize collective benefits (e.g., creation of public goods).

Association analysis of dopaminergic degeneration and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Peripheral inflammatory responses are suggested to play a major role in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a new recognized biomarker, can reflect peripheral inflammation in PD. However, the association between the NLR and dopaminergic degeneration in PD remains unclear.

Evaluation of risk factors for impulse control disorder in Parkinson's disease in northern China.

Introduction: Impulse control disorder (ICD) is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its risk factors are still controversial. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ICD in northern China and analyze the risk factors associated with ICD, multiple ICDs, and four subtypes.

Methods: A total of 285 PD patients were enrolled in this study.

Endoscopic closure of refractory upper GI-tracheobronchial fistulas with a novel occluder: a prospective, single-arm, single-center study (with video).

Background And Aims: Upper GI-tracheobronchial fistula is a morbid condition with high mortality. It is a challenge for endoscopists because currently available treatments have severe limitations. In this study we assessed the efficacy and safety of an occluder we invented for endoscopic closure of refractory upper GI-tracheobronchial fistulas.

Gender differences in cooperation across 20 societies: a meta-analysis.

Past research hypothesized that men and women differ in their tendency to cooperate with strangers in situations that involve a conflict of interests. However, recent empirical research has provided converging evidence that men and women cooperate to a similar extent, and that differences in cooperation can emerge in response to specific situational and societal contexts. Here we analyse six decades of empirical research on human cooperation using social dilemmas (1961-2017, = 126) conducted across 20 industrialized societies, testing pre-registered hypotheses derived from evolutionary theory and social role theory.

Family Function and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis.

Family function reflects the operating status of the family system, which plays a vital role in children's mental health. The current meta-analysis examined the association between family function and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents for the first time. Studies published from 1980 to 2021 were identified via searching and screening.

Distribution and Clinical Significance of IL-17A in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

To investigate the distribution of IL-17A and its clinical significance in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expression level of IL-17A in TILs of 3 paired NSCLC and paracancerous specimens was measured by qRT-PCR. The distribution of IL-17A in immune cell subsets of 15 paired NSCLC and paracancerous specimens was examined by flow cytometry.

The Cooperation Databank: Machine-Readable Science Accelerates Research Synthesis.

Publishing studies using standardized, machine-readable formats will enable machines to perform meta-analyses on demand. To build a semantically enhanced technology that embodies these functions, we developed the Cooperation Databank (CoDa)-a databank that contains 2,636 studies on human cooperation (1958-2017) conducted in 78 societies involving 356,283 participants. Experts annotated these studies along 312 variables, including the quantitative results (13,959 effects).

Intergenerational conflicts of interest and prosocial behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic presents threats, such as severe disease and economic hardship, to people of different ages. These threats can also be experienced asymmetrically across age groups, which could lead to generational differences in behavioral responses to reduce the spread of the disease. We report a survey conducted across 56 societies ( = 58,641), and tested pre-registered hypotheses about how age relates to (a) perceived personal costs during the pandemic, (b) prosocial COVID-19 responses (e.

Carcinoembryonic antigen in pleural effusion of patients with lung adenocarcinoma: a predictive marker for EGFR mutation.

Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) can reflect tumor growth, recurrence and metastasis, and also predict the clinical efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI). In the present study, we investigated the association between CEA in serum and pleural effusion (PE) and EGFR mutations in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated 114 lung adenocarcinoma patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE).

Aberrant Peripheral Immune Function in a Good Syndrome Patient.

Good's syndrome (GS) is often accompanied by recurrent respiratory infections and chronic diarrhea. The main purpose was to evaluate the peripheral immune status of a GS patient after thymoma resection. Twenty healthy volunteers were recruited as healthy controls (HCs).

Glomus tumors of the trachea: 2 case reports and a review of the literature.

Glomus tumors (GTs) of the trachea are very rare neoplasms that usually arise from the distal portion of the respiratory tree. The origin of these tumors is modified smooth muscle cells of glomus bodies. In this study, we describe two cases of GT of the trachea, as well as the histologic features of these tumors and their treatments.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive lung adenocarcinoma patient with development of sick sinus syndrome while on targeted treatment with crizotinib.

The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are younger and have never smoked, while pathologically are predominately adenocarcinomas. Crizotinib as an ALK inhibitor has been used in treating ALK positive NSCLC patients for several years and some adverse effects should be paid attention to. We now describe a case of ALK positive NSCLC patient with development of sick sinus syndrome (SSS) while on targeted treatment with crizotinib.

[The effects of imiquimod on an animal model of asthma].

Objective: To study the mechanism of imiquimod on asthma animals.

Methods: (1) 40 mice and 48 rats were divided into 4 groups: control, asthma, dexamethasone and imiquimod groups. The asthma model was established.

[Imbalanced T cell-specific transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 and relationship to airway inflammation in asthmatic rats].

Objective: To identify the change of the mRNA and protein expression of T-bet and GATA-3 in lung tissues, and to investigate the association between the imbalanced T cell-specific transcription factors T-bet/GATA-3 and the airway inflammation in asthmatic rats.

Methods: Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and an asthmatic group. Airway responsiveness was measured and the change of airway histology was observed.

Treatment of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by imiquimod modulating transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3.

Background: Imiquimod is an imidazoquinoline, which class of compounds are known to have antiviral and antitumoural properties. In recent studies, it was shown that imiquimod modulates the T helper cell type Th1/Th2 response by inducing the production of Th1 cytokines like IFN-gamma, and by inhibiting the Th2 cytokines like interleukin (IL)-4. Several investigators have shown that T-bet and GATA-3 are master Th1 and Th2 regulatory transcription factors.