Current Status and Future Suggestions for Innovative Drug Research and Development in China.

In recent years, with the policy reform of new drug review and approval, China has ushered in a surge of innovative drug development. Based on the Pharnexcloud database and the Pharmcube database, we analyzed the innovative drugs approved for marketing and entered clinical trials in China, sorted out the major research and development (R&D) institutions and enterprises, the distribution of innovative drug target types, and the primary therapeutic areas of the approved innovative drugs, and compared with the global innovative drug R&D landscape. Since 2020, China's innovative drug development has shown a rapid growth trend, with intense competition among biopharmaceutical companies, and the emergence of a number of leading biopharmaceutical enterprises.

Solar energy powered electrochemical reduction of CO on InO nanosheets with high energy conversion efficiency at a large current density.

Electrochemical CO reduction (ECOR) to value-added chemicals offers a promising approach to both mitigate CO emission and facilitate renewable energy conversion. We demonstrate a solar energy powered ECOR system operating at a relatively large current density (57 mA cm) using InO nanosheets (NSs) as the cathode and a commercial perovskite solar cell as the electricity generator, which achieves the high solar to formate energy conversion efficiency of 6.6 %.

Optimization of preparation conditions and performance of a new degradable soil water retaining agent.

Using polyaspartic acid (PAsp) and bentonite (BT) as the main raw materials, a new type of degradable soil water retaining agent (PAsp-AA/BT) was synthesized by microwave radiation. The optimum synthesis conditions and comprehensive properties of PAsp-AA/BT were discussed and the structure and surface characteristics of PAspsp-AA/BT were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD and TGA in the paper. The results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions of PAsp-AA/BT were as follows: the dosages of polyaspartic acid (PAsp), bentonite (BT), initiator potassium persulfate, crosslinking agent N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide was 5, 3, 0.

Exploring Electron Transfer Mechanism in Synergistic Interactional Reduced Polyoxometalate-Based Cu(I)-Organic Framework for Photocatalytic Removal of U(VI).

Photocatalytic reduction of U(VI) is a promising method for removing uranium containing pollutants. However, using polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks (POMOFs) for photoreduction of U(VI) is rare, and the relevant charge transfer pathway is also not yet clear. In this article, we demonstrate a highly efficient strategy and revealed a clearly electron transfer pathway for the photoreduction of U(VI) with 99% removal efficiency by using a novel POMOF, [Cu(4,4'-bipy)]·{AsMoMoVO(VO)[VO(HO)]}·2HO (), as catalyst.

Effective oxygen activation on polyoxometalate-based hybrids for epoxidation of alkenes.

Two polyoxometalate-based hybrids, [M(btap)(HO)(HPWO)]·HO (M-PW, M = Co/Mn, btap = 3,5-bis(1',2',4'-triazol-1'-yl)pyridine) were synthesized. Co-PW exhibited higher activity and selectivity towards olefin epoxidation than Mn-PW due to the synergistic effect between Co and PW, in which the Co centers activate O to ˙O and further binding of free H from PW affords the active peroxyacid.

Analysis of the incidence and risk factors of blood transfusion in total knee revision: a retrospective nationwide inpatient sample database study.

Objective: This study sought to determine the incidence and risk factors of blood transfusion among patients undergoing total knee revision (TKR) using a nationwide database.

Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted based on the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), enrolling patients who underwent TKR from 2010 to 2019 with complete information. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received blood transfusion or not.

Phytohormones-mediated strategies for mitigation of heavy metals toxicity in plants focused on sustainable production.

In this manuscript, authors reviewed and explore the information on beneficial role of phytohormones to mitigate adverse effects of heavy metals toxicity in plants. Global farming systems are seriously threatened by heavy metals (HMs) toxicity, which can result in decreased crop yields, impaired food safety, and negative environmental effects. A rise in curiosity has been shown recently in creating sustainable methods to reduce HMs toxicity in plants and improve agricultural productivity.

[KEAP1/PGAM5/AIFM1 mediated oxeiptosis pathway in TDCIPP-induced reduction of TM4 cell viability].

Objective: To investigate the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of tri(1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate(TDCIPP) exposure on the mouse testicular supporting cell line(TM4 cells).

Methods: TM4 cells were treated with different concentrations of TDCIPP(0, 12.5, 25 and 50 μmol/L), or 50 μmol/L TDCIPP combined with antioxidant N-acetylcysteine(NAC) for 24 h.

Factor structure and measurement invariance of the 8-item CES-D: a national longitudinal sample of Chinese adolescents.

Background: The 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 8) has been widely used to measure depressive symptoms in many large-scale surveys. Due to its brevity, it can lower costs, relieve respondent burdens, and ensure data quality. However, its factor structure and measurement invariance across gender and time among adolescents have not been adequately evaluated.

Synergistic toxicity of some food additives used in non-alcoholic beverages on renal tubular epithelial cells.

Evidences supported many food additives (FAs) possess toxicity to human health due to chronic excessive exposure. Global hygienic standards strictly limit the dosage of each FA and mixture of the same functional FAs. However, the synergetic effects caused by the combination of FAs with different functions require careful evaluation.

[The role of PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway in the apoptosis of TM4 cells induced by bisphenol A].

Objective: To investigate the effects of bisphenol A(BPA) on the proliferation and apoptosis of mouse testicular sertoli cells(TM4 cells) and the role of PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway.

Methods: TM4 cells were treated with different concentrations of BPA(0, 25, 50, 100 μmol/L) and 100 μmol/L BPA combined with protein kinase R-like ER kinase(PERK) inhibitor GSK2656157 for 24 h, and the apoptosis of TM4 cells was observed by TUNEL staining. The expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved Caspase-3, GRP78 and PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blot.

Two 3D Two-Fold Interpenetrated Dia-Like Polyoxometalate-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Sulfide Selective Oxidation Activity.

Two new three-dimensional (3D) polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks (POMOFs), [M(btap)(HO)(HPMo MoO)] (M = Co () and Cd (); btap = 3, 5-bis(1', 2', 4'-triazol-1'-yl)pyridine), have been synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions and characterized in detail. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) analysis indicates that and are isostructural. In complexes and , the metal ion is coordinated with the ligand to form two different left and right helical one-dimensional chains, which are alternately connected in a twisted form to build a two-fold interpenetrated three-dimensional structure, and the polyoxometalate is encapsulated into in the pores generated by the interpenetrating structure.

Proteomics Identifies Circulating TIMP-1 as a Prognostic Biomarker for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease, although disease stratification using in-depth plasma proteomics has not been performed to date. By measuring more than 1000 proteins in the plasma of 147 DLBCL patients using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry and antibody array, DLBCL patients were classified into four proteomic subtypes (PS-I-IV). Patients with the PS-IV subtype and worst prognosis had increased levels of proteins involved in inflammation, including a high expression of metalloproteinase inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) that was associated with poor survival across two validation cohorts (n = 180).

Effects of Chitosan and Cellulose Derivatives on Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Films: A Study of Rheological Properties of Film-Forming Solutions.

Bio-based packaging materials and efficient drug delivery systems have garnered attention in recent years. Among the soluble cellulose derivatives, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) stands out as a promising candidate due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and wide resources. However, CMC-based films have limited mechanical properties, which hinders their widespread application.

A sodium-ion-conducted asymmetric electrolyzer to lower the operation voltage for direct seawater electrolysis.

Hydrogen produced from neutral seawater electrolysis faces many challenges including high energy consumption, the corrosion/side reactions caused by Cl, and the blockage of active sites by Ca/Mg precipitates. Herein, we design a pH-asymmetric electrolyzer with a Na exchange membrane for direct seawater electrolysis, which can simultaneously prevent Cl corrosion and Ca/Mg precipitation and harvest the chemical potentials between the different electrolytes to reduce the required voltage. In-situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveal that water dissociation can be promoted with a catalyst based on atomically dispersed Pt anchored to Ni-Fe-P nanowires with a reduced energy barrier (by 0.

Additive-free selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols with molecular oxygen catalyzed by a mixed-valence polyoxovanadate-based metal-organic framework.

Selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes is an industrially significant chemical transformation. Herein, we report a mixed-valence polyoxovanadate-based metal-organic framework (MOF), (Hbix){[Cd(bix)][VIV8VV7OCl]}·3HO (V-Cd-MOF), for catalyzing the additive-free oxidation of a series of aromatic alcohols with high selectivity and in nearly quantitative yield to the corresponding aldehydes with O as the oxidant. Experimental results, corroborated with density functional theory calculations, indicate that it is the synergistic operation of the dual active sites of the V-O-V building units in the polyoxovanadate cluster that is responsible for the excellent catalytic performance observed: on the one hand, the exposed and readily accessible reduced V site is believed to activate O, resulting in a reactive oxygen species for the subsequent activation and breaking of the substrate's C-H bond.

Metagenomics reveals the effect of long-term fertilization on carbon cycle in the maize rhizosphere.

Long-term fertilization can result in the changes in carbon (C) cycle in the maize rhizosphere soil. However, there have been few reports on the impacts of microbial regulatory mechanisms on the C cycle in soil. In the study, we analyzed the response of functional genes that regulate the C fixation, decomposition and methane (CH) metabolism in maize rhizosphere soil to different fertilization treatments using metagenomics analysis.

Elimination of grain boundary resistance in vanadoborate electrolyte the hydrogen-bond interaction of glycerol.

An effective method to eliminate grain boundary resistance of crystalline vanadoborate electrolyte was developed. This method involved the addition of glycerol to result in the formation of many hydrogen bonds between crystal grains, facilitating a rapid transfer of protons across grain boundaries. Using this method, the intrinsic conduction of vanadoborate electrolyte was fully reflected in its bulk materials, valuable for advancing our understanding of vanadoborate electrolytes and for promoting the application of these electrolytes.

A multifunctional cobalt-organic framework for proton conduction and selective sensing of Fe ions.

Developing multifunctional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a new research trend. MOFs have shown remarkable performances in both proton conduction and fluorescence sensing, but the MOFs integrating the two performances are scarce. Herein, a Co-MOF, [Co(oba)(Hatz)(atz)(HO)(μ-OH)(μ-OH)]·HO (1, Hoba = 4,4-oxybis(benzoic acid), Hatz = 5-amino-1 tetrazole), has been assembled by Co ions with Hoba and Hatz ligands, providing a unique example of multifunctional MOFs with both proton conduction and fluorescence sensing performances.

Clinical Value of Serum miR-106a in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Human Papillomavirus-Positive Cervical Cancer.

Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) is a prevailing malignant tumor in women, mainly caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. This study investigated miR-106a expression in the serum of HPV-positive CC patients and estimated its value in diagnosis and prognosis.

Methods: We enrolled 120 CC patients as study subjects, with another 80 healthy women as controls.