Treatment of Failure of Macular Hole Closure due to Post-Vitrectomy Macular Edema Using Sub-Tenon Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection: A Case Report.

Introduction: Post-vitrectomy cystoid macular edema (CME) can lead to failure of macular hole (MH) closure. We report 2 cases of failure of MH closure due to post-vitrectomy CME, which were successfully treated using sub-Tenon triamcinolone acetonide (STTA) injection.

Case Presentations: Case 1 involved a 72-year-old male patient with a Gass Stage 3 MH in the right eye.

Higher Blood Uric Acid in Female Humans and Mice as a Protective Factor against Pathophysiological Decline of Lung Function.

The oxidant/antioxidant imbalance plays a pivotal role in the lung. Uric acid (UA), an endogenous antioxidant, is highly present in lung tissue, however, its impact on lung function under pathophysiological conditions remains unknown. In this work, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of UA metabolism in experimental mouse models of acute and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) revealed that increased plasma UA levels improved emphysematous phenotype and lung dysfunction in accordance with reduced oxidative stress specifically in female but not in male mice, despite no impact of plasma UA induction on the pulmonary phenotypes in nondiseased mice.

The DsbA-L gene is associated with respiratory function of the elderly via its adiponectin multimeric or antioxidant properties.

Oxidative stress and inflammation play a key role in the age-related decline in the respiratory function. Adipokine in relation to the metabolic and inflammatory systems is attracting growing interest in the field of respiratory dysfunction. The present clinical and experimental studies investigated the role of the disulfide bond-forming oxidoreductase A-like protein (DsbA-L) gene, which has antioxidant and adiponectin multimeric (i.

Dose-dependency of multiple free radical-scavenging activity of edaravone.

Background: Edaravone is a powerful free radical scavenger that is in clinical use. However, data concerning its dose-response relationship against multiple free radicals remain sparse. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the dose-dependency of direct scavenging activity of edaravone against multiple free radical species.

The citrus flavonoids hesperetin and naringenin block the lipolytic actions of TNF-alpha in mouse adipocytes.

Obese adipose tissue is characterized by an excessive production of inflammatory adipokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). TNF-alpha stimulates free fatty acid (FFA) secretion through adipocyte lipolysis, and increased plasma levels of FFA promote insulin resistance. In this report, we show that hesperetin and naringenin, two citrus flavonoids, inhibit TNF-alpha-stimulated FFA secretion from mouse adipocytes.