Comparing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio Estimates for Event-Related Potentials: A Simulation Study.

Event-related potential (ERP) is one of the commonly used electrophysiologic measures for brain activity with millisecond time resolution, which has been widely applied to psychology and neuroscience research. Conventionally, ERP is obtained by grand-averaging EEG recordings across multiple trials to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Reliable quantitative analysis of the amplitude or latency of ERP requires sufficient SNR.