The Incidence, Risk Factors, and Hospital Mortality of Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation among Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) is a common complication after cardiac surgery and is considered a risk factor for poor outcomes. However, the incidence and in-hospital mortality of PMV among cardiac surgery patients reported in studies vary widely, and risk factors are controversial.

Methods: We searched four databases (Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE) for English-language articles from inception to October 2023.

Perioperative respiratory muscle exercise in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: An evidence-based review.

Background: Enhanced respiratory muscle management is imperative in cardiac surgery patients due to their universal risk of decreased perioperative respiratory muscle strength.

Objectives: Most existing articles primarily examine respiratory muscle exercise during either the preoperative, postoperative, or at-home phases. Consequently, there is a crucial need to consolidate the evidence for respiratory muscle exercise throughout the perioperative period of cardiac surgery.

Effects of fecal microbiota transfer on blood pressure in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Numerous recent studies have found a strong correlation between intestinal flora and the occurrence of hypertension. However, it remains unclear whether fecal microbiota transfer might affect the blood pressure of the host. This study aimed to quantify both associations.

Preoperative slow-wave sleep is associated with postoperative delirium after heart valve surgery: A prospective pilot study.

Postoperative delirium (POD) is a very common neurological complication after valve surgery. Some studies have shown that preoperative sleep disorder is associated with POD, but the correlation between preoperative slow wave sleep (SWS) and POD remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to identify the correlation between preoperative slow wave sleep and postoperative delirium in patients with heart valve disease.

The efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) versus non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients at high risk of extubation failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Studies suggest that high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) can prevent reintubation in critically ill patients with a low risk of extubation failure. However, the safety and effectiveness in patients at high risk of extubation failure are still debated. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacies of HFNC and NIV in high-risk patients.

A Comparison of the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Resistance of the K213 Superalloy after Conventional Casting and Selective Laser Melting.

K213 superalloy was fabricated by conventional casting and selective laser melting (SLM). The microstructures of the two samples were examined, and the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of these two kinds of K213 alloy were comparatively studied. The results show that segregation of Ti occurs at the grain boundaries of the as-cast alloy, resulting in the formation of MC carbide.

Outcomes of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute brain dysfunction that is frequently observed in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Increasing evidence indicates POD is related to higher mortality among cardiac surgical patients, but the results remain controversial. Moreover, a quantitative evaluation of the influence of POD on hospital days, intensive care unit (ICU) time, and mechanical ventilation (MV) time has not been performed.

Meta-Analysis: Shouldn't Prophylactic Corticosteroids be Administered During Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass?

Background: Corticosteroids can effectively inhibit systemic inflammation induced by cardiopulmonary bypass. Recently clinical trials and meta-analyses and current guidelines for cardiac surgery do not support corticosteroids prophylaxis during cardiac surgery because of an increase in myocardial infarction and no benefit for patients. The aim of this study is to determine whether specific corticosteroids dose ranges might provide clinical benefits without increasing myocardial infarction.

Predictive Value of Increased Perioperative Heart Rate for All-Cause Mortality After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Accumulated studies have revealed that heart rates are associated with all-cause mortality in cardiac surgery patients, but the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive value of increased perioperative heart rate for all-cause mortality after cardiac surgery. : We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases for studies from inception to October 11, 2021.

Emotion Understanding Correlates With Parental Emotional Expressivity in Chinese Youths With Hearing Loss and Typical Hearing.

This study aimed at examining the differences between Chinese youths with hearing loss (HL) and with typical hearing (TH) in emotion understanding (EU), parental emotional expressivity, and the associations between EU and parental emotional expressivity. The participants were 282 youths with HL (14.58 ± 3.

Reshaping cell line development and CMC strategy for fast responses to pandemic outbreak.

The global pandemic outbreak COVID-19 (SARS-COV-2), has prompted many pharmaceutical companies to develop vaccines and therapeutic biologics for its prevention and treatment. Most of the therapeutic biologics are common human IgG antibodies, which were identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) with the B cells from the convalescent patients. To fight against pandemic outbreaks like COVID-19, biologics development strategies need to be optimized to speed up the timeline.

The effect of Eurotium cristatum (MF800948) fermentation on the quality of autumn green tea.

Autumn green tea (AT) has poor taste quality for its strong astringency. This study aims to improve the taste quality as well as the aroma of AT by Eurotium cristatum (MF800948) fermentation and to produce a fermented autumn green tea (FT). Results showed that the aroma quality of AT was improved, and the content of terpene alcohols that impart characteristic flowery aroma to FT significantly increased.

Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and associated risk factors in type A aortic dissection.

Background: Surgery is the primary option of acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) treatment. However, the unique traumatic stress of cardiovascular disease and surgery brings physical and psychological suffering to the patients and causes post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of PTSD in AAAD patients after surgery and identify the risk factors of this complication.

Psychometric properties of the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) among Chinese adolescents.

Loneliness is prevalent and severe among adolescents, indicating the need for a reliable, valid, and concise instrument for detecting adolescent loneliness. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8) among Chinese adolescents.Computer-assisted self-interviewing was used to complete the questionnaire among 3480 junior or senior high school students aged 10 to 19 years.

Upregulated proteins associated with fibroin synthesis in posterior silk glands of Antheraea pernyi fifth instar larvae.

Antheraea pernyi is a typical wild silkworm with larval silk glands specific for the synthesis and secretion of silk proteins. We examined changes in the protein profile in the posterior section of the silk glands on days 1 and 4 of the last larval instar. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis over the pH range of 4-7 followed by silver staining revealed about 350 protein spots.