Plant U-box E3 ligase PpPUB59 regulates anthocyanin accumulation by ubiquitinating PpBBX24 in 'Zaosu' pear and its red bud mutation.

Ubiquitination is the specific modification of target proteins in cells by ubiquitin molecules, which is under the action of a series of special enzymes such as ubiquitin-activating enzymes, binding, and ligase enzymes. Ubiquitination plays an essential role in anthocyanin accumulation in plants. There are few studies on the coloring of pear peel by ubiquitin ligase E3.

Geniposide attenuates influenza virus-induced pneumonia by regulating inflammatory cytokines production. Evidences to elucidate the followed pathway.

Background: Influenza virus-induced pneumonia (IVP) is an infectious pulmonary disease characterized by exacerbated pulmonary inflammation caused by invasion of the influenza virus. IVP continues to threaten public health due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Geniposide is one of the major bioactive constituents of G.

Does embryonic behavioral thermoregulation enhance thermoregulatory capacity of turtle hatchlings?

We found that embryonic behavioral thermoregulation could not enhance the thermoregulatory capacity of turtle hatchlings. Our study is not only the first to provide experimental evidence regarding the impact of embryonic behavioral thermoregulation on offspring thermoregulation but also falsifies the play behavior hypothesis that suggests thermotaxis by embryos allows them to practice thermoregulatory tactics at later life stages.

CaO assisted mechanochemical remediation of lindane-contaminated soil.

In this study, the planetary ball milling with CaO addition was used to remediate lindane-contaminated soil. Based on Hertzian theory, a mathematical model was proposed to simulate the trajectory of grinding ball and the local energy transfer during a planetary operation at the disk rotation velocities of 150-250 rpm. Besides, the influence of different parameters on lindane removal in soil was investigated, whose results showed that disk rotation velocity and reagent-to-soil ratio had a positive effect, while soil moisture, initial concentration of lindane, and mass of polluted soil demonstrated a negative influence.

Discovery of the Clinical Candidate Sonrotoclax (BGB-11417), a Highly Potent and Selective Inhibitor for Both WT and G101V Mutant Bcl-2.

The approval of venetoclax, a B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) selective inhibitor, for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia demonstrated that the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 is a druggable target for B-cell malignancies. However, venetoclax's limited potency cannot produce a strong, durable clinical benefit in other Bcl-2-mediated malignancies (e.g.

Shenyu ningshen tablet reduced neuronal damage in the hippocampus of chronic restraint stress model rat by inhibiting A1-reactive astrocytes.

Context: Shenyu Ningshen (SYNS) tablet is the first pure Chinese medicinal small compound preparation approved for clinical trials for the treatment of depression in China. Clinical experiments confirmed that the formulation had a significant Improvement effect against depression due to the deficiency of both qi and yin. It has been shown to exhibit noticeable anti-inflammatory effect in an animal model of depression.

Sonrotoclax overcomes BCL2 G101V mutation-induced venetoclax resistance in preclinical models of hematologic malignancy.

Venetoclax, the first-generation inhibitor of the apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), disrupts the interaction between BCL2 and proapoptotic proteins, promoting the apoptosis in malignant cells. Venetoclax is the mainstay of therapy for relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is under investigation in multiple clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers. Although venetoclax treatment can result in high rates of durable remission, relapse has been widely observed, indicating the emergence of drug resistance.

Distinct functions between ferrous and ferric iron in lung cancer cell growth.

Accumulating evidence suggests an association between iron metabolism and lung cancer progression. In biological systems, iron is present in either reduced (Fe ; ferrous) or oxidized (Fe ; ferric) states. However, ferrous and ferric iron exhibit distinct chemical and biological properties, the role of ferrous and ferric iron in lung cancer cell growth has not been clearly distinguished.

Pharmacological effects and mechanism of Kaihoujian Throat Spray (children's type) in the treatment of pediatric acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis.

Context: Kaihoujian Throat Spray children's type (KHJSC) is a Chinese medicine prescription for treating pediatric acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis (APT). However, its relevant mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: To investigate the pharmacological effects of KHJSC on APT and , and explore the possible mechanism and target proteins.

Can nesting behaviour allow reptiles to adapt to climate change?

A range of abiotic parameters within a reptile nest influence the viability and attributes (including sex, behaviour and body size) of hatchlings that emerge from that nest. As a result of that sensitivity, a reproducing female can manipulate the phenotypic attributes of her offspring by laying her eggs at times and in places that provide specific conditions. Nesting reptiles shift their behaviour in terms of timing of oviposition, nest location and depth of eggs beneath the soil surface across spatial and temporal gradients.

Sanwei DouKou Decoction ameliorate Alzheimer disease by increasing endogenous neural stem cells proliferation through the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sanwei DouKou decoction (SDKD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription derived from the Tibetan medical book "Si Bu Yi Dian" and is clinically used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the potential mechanism of SDKD treatment for AD remains elusive.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to explore the potential mechanism by which SDKD alleviates AD.

Remediation of lindane contaminated soil by fluidization-like dielectric barrier discharge.

This study proposed the fluidization-like dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma for the remediation of lindane contaminated soil and integrated physical and chemical reaction pathway. Soil particle distribution within the reactor was simulated with Euler-Euler and Gidaspow drag models, and a bipolar pulsed power supply was applied to energize the DBD reactor after full fluidized. The effect of soil particles movement on electric features was discussed in terms of voltage waveforms and Lissajous figures.

Past, present, and future predictions on the suitable habitat of the Slender racer () using species distribution models.

Species distribution models (SDMs) across past, present, and future timelines provide insights into the current distribution of these species and their reaction to climate change. Specifically, if a species is threatened or not well-known, the information may be critical to understand that species. In this study, we computed SDMs for , a monotypic snake genus found in central and northeast Asia, across the past (last interglacial, last glacial maximum, and mid-Holocene), present, and future (2070s).

Latitudinal Variation in the Pattern of Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in the Japanese Gecko, .

Identifying latitudinal variation in the pattern of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) may provide insight into the evolution of sex determining system in vertebrates, but such studies remain limited. Here, we quantified TSD patterns of three geographically separated populations of the Japanese gecko () along the latitudinal cline of China. We incubated gecko eggs from the three populations at constant temperatures of 24, 26, 28, 30, and 32 °C to quantify the TSD pattern.

Population origin, maternal effects, and hydric conditions during incubation determine embryonic and offspring survival in a desert-dwelling lizard.

While the effects of incubation environment on embryonic development and offspring traits have been extensively studied in oviparous vertebrates, studies into how genetic inheritance (population origin), maternal effects, and incubation environment interact to produce varying phenotypes, are rare. To elucidate the interactive role of those three factors during incubation in shaping offspring phenotypes through hydric conditions, we conducted a fully factorial experiment [arid and semiarid populations × maternal dry and wet treatments (MDT and MWT) × embryonic dry and wet treatments (EDT and EWT)] with a desert-dwelling lacertid lizard (Eremias argus). Female lizards in dry conditions produced larger clutch sizes but smaller eggs.

Homeostatic regulation of T follicular helper and antibody response to particle antigens by IL-1Ra of medullary sinus macrophage origin.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines are composed of surface antigen HBsAg that spontaneously assembles into subviral particles. Factors that impede its humoral immunity in 5% to 10% of vaccinees remain elusive. Here, we showed that the low-level interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) can predict antibody protection both in mice and humans.

The role of inflammatory cytokines in anemia and gastrointestinal mucosal injury induced by foot electric stimulation.

Foot electrical stimulation (FES) has been considered as a classic stressor that can disturb homeostasis. Acute anemia was observed in the model induced by FES. The aim of this study was to explore the role of inflammatory cytokines underlying the acute anemia and gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal injury in the FES.

The complete mitochondrial genome of (Squamata: Colubridae: Pseudoxenodontinae) and its phylogeny.

The mitochondrial genome sequence of (Squamata: Colubridae: Pseudoxenodontinae) from Taishun County, Zhejiang Province, China, which is 18,475 bp in length and contains 25 tRNAs (including extra two tRNA-Tyr genes and extra one tRNA-Met gene), two rRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes and two identical control regions. The overall AT content of the mitogenome is 59.6% (A = 32.

Phenotypic consequences of maternally selected nests: a cross-fostering experiment in a desert lizard.

Despite the importance of maternally selected nests in shaping offspring phenotypes, our understanding of how the nest environment affects embryonic development and offspring traits of most non-avian reptiles is rather limited largely due to the logistical difficulty in locating their nests. To identify the relative contributions of environmental (temporal [seasonal] and spatial [nest-site]) and intrinsic (clutch) factors on embryonic development and offspring traits, we conducted a cross-fostering experiment by swapping eggs between maternally-selected nests of the toad-headed agama (Phrynocephalus przewalskii) in the field. We found that nest environment explained a large proportion of variation in incubation duration, hatching success, and offspring size and growth.

Behavioural thermoregulation by the endangered crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) in captivity.

Understanding the factors that may affect behavioural thermoregulation of endangered reptiles is important for their conservation because thermoregulation determines body temperatures and in turn physiological functions of these ectotherms. Here we measured seasonal variation in operative environmental temperature (T), body temperature (T), and microhabitat use of endangered crocodile lizards (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) from a captive population, within open and shaded enclosures, to understand how they respond to thermally challenging environments. T was higher in open enclosures than in shaded enclosures.

Wax composition and concentration in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) cultivars with differential resistance to fruit cracking.

Fruit cracking is a key problem restricting the development of the jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) industry, and is closely related to the distribution of the wax layer on the surface of the fruit. Three jujube cultivars with different levels of cracking resistance, namely 'Popozao', 'Banzao', and 'Hupingzao', were selected for comparison. Cracks on the cuticular membrane (CM) of 'Hupingzao' widened and deepened during the coloring period.

Embryonic and post-embryonic responses to high-elevation hypoxia in a low-elevation lizard.

Low-elevation species can migrate toward higher elevations to survive in a warming world. However, animals' responses to hypoxia when migrating to high elevations have rarely been addressed. To identify the response of low-elevation lizards to high-elevation hypoxia, we collected field body temperatures (T ) and operative temperatures (T ) of lizards (Eremias argus) from a low-elevation population (1036 m) and a high-elevation population (2036 m), and then determined adult thermal physiology, embryonic development, and hatchling phenotypes after acclimating low-elevation lizards and incubating their eggs in conditions mimicking the low-elevation oxygen condition (18.

The association between frailty and incidence of dementia in Beijing: findings from 10/66 dementia research group population-based cohort study.

Background: The relationship between frailty and dementia is unclear and there are very few population-based studies regarding this issue in China. The purpose of this study is to estimate the association between frailty and incident dementia in China, and to explore different effects of frailty established by three definitions of frailty on dementia incidence.

Methods: A five-year prospective cohort study was carried out in 2022 participants aged 65 years and over in urban and rural sites in Beijing, China.