Antithrombotic Effect of L. Extract and Its Fractions via Regulating TLRs and the Downstream MAPKs and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways in Zebrafish.

L., as a folkloric herb, is traditionally used to treat poisonous insect bites, vitiligo, and other ailments. However, its impact on thrombosis remains unknown.

Comparing spirometry, impulse oscillometry with computed tomography for assessing small airway dysfunction in subjects with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Studies on consistency among spirometry, impulse oscillometry (IOS), and histology for detecting small airway dysfunction (SAD) remain scarce. Considering invasiveness of lung histopathology, we aimed to compare spirometry and IOS with chest computed tomography (CT) for SAD detection, and evaluate clinical characteristics of subjects with SAD assessed by these three techniques.

Methods: We collected baseline data from the Early COPD (ECOPD) study.

Association between impaired diffusion capacity and small airway dysfunction: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Small airway dysfunction (SAD) and impaired diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide ( ) are positively associated with a worse prognosis. Individuals with both dysfunctions have been identified in clinical practice and it is unknown whether they have worse health status or need management. We conducted this study to explore the association between SAD and impaired , and the difference between the groups with two dysfunctions, with either one dysfunction and with no dysfunction.

Effect of Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Block on Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: To investigate whether continuous erector spinae plane block (ESPB) improves the quality of recovery (QoR) and decreases postoperative acute and chronic pain in patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery.

Methods: This was a single-center, double-blind, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 120 patients were randomized to groups at a 1:1 ratio.

New Classifications of COPD Severity Based on Impulse Oscillometry: A SAIO Grade Base on ECOPD Cohort in China.

Background: Recently, the severities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can also be assessed by impulse oscillometry (IOS). This study aimed to explore a new classification of severity of COPD based on IOS and associations with acute exacerbations (AE) in patients with COPD.

Methods: The data of our study were based on the baseline and 2-year follow-up data of a prospective cohort in China.

Association of Exercise Tolerance with Respiratory Health Outcomes in Mild-to-Moderate COPD.

Previous studies have identified exercise intolerance in patients with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The associations of exercise tolerance with lung function decline and acute exacerbation risk in mild-to-moderate COPD is unclear, especially in the community population. We evaluated exercise tolerance in mild-to-moderate COPD and analyzed its associations with respiratory health outcomes.

Effect of high-dose N-acetylcysteine on exacerbations and lung function in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD: a double-blind, parallel group, multicentre randomised clinical trial.

Evidence for the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited. The efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (an antioxidant and mucolytic agent) for patients with mild-to-moderate COPD is uncertain. In this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned 968 patients with mild-to-moderate COPD to treatment with N-acetylcysteine (600 mg, twice daily) or matched placebo for two years.

The Nonlinear Relationship Between High-Density Lipoprotein and Changes in Pulmonary Structure Function and Pulmonary Function in COPD Patients in China.

Background: The previous findings on the correlation between spirometry and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are intriguing yet conflicting. The aim of this research is to evaluate the relationship between HDL levels and spirometry as well as imaging parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China.

Methods: This study encompasses a total of 907 COPD patients.

Clinical features and 1-year outcomes of variable obstruction in participants with preserved spirometry: results from the ECOPD study in China.

Background: There are limited data on the clinical features and longitudinal prognosis of variable obstruction, particularly among never smokers and different variable obstruction types. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of the participants with variable obstruction and determine the relationship between variable obstruction and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the decline of lung function in a community-dwelling study of Chinese, especially among never smokers and different variable obstruction subtypes.

Methods: Participants with preserved spirometry (postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥0.

Machine learning analysis of humoral and cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in young adults.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces B and T cell responses, contributing to virus neutralization. In a cohort of 2,911 young adults, we identified 65 individuals who had an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and characterized their humoral and T cell responses to the Spike (S), Nucleocapsid (N) and Membrane (M) proteins. We found that previous infection induced CD4 T cells that vigorously responded to pools of peptides derived from the S and N proteins.

Cognitive protection of incretin-based therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on clinical studies.

Aims/introduction: Cognitive dysfunction, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia, is increasingly recognized as an important complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aims of the preset study was to investigate the cognitive protection of incretin-based therapies, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Web of Science and PsycINFO were searched from the inception through 17 January 2023 for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies on the association between incretin-based therapies and cognitive function.

Inter-relationships among neutrophilic inflammation, air trapping and future exacerbation in COPD: an analysis of ECOPD study.

Background: The inter-relationships among neutrophilic airway inflammation, air trapping and future exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the associations between sputum neutrophil proportions and future exacerbation in COPD and to determine whether these associations are modified by significant air trapping.

Methods: Participants with completed data were included and followed up to the first year in the Early Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease study (n=582).

Clinical features and 1-year outcomes of chronic bronchitis in participants with normal spirometry: results from the ECOPD study in China.

Background: Evidence regarding clinical features and outcomes of individuals with non-obstructive chronic bronchitis (NOCB) remains scarce, especially in never-smokers. We aimed to investigate the clinical features and 1-year outcomes of individuals with NOCB in the Chinese population.

Methods: We obtained data on participants in the Early Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Study who had normal spirometry (post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ≥0.

Comparative effectiveness of different hepatocellular carcinoma screening intervals or modalities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Current guidelines recommend hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening in high-risk populations. However, the ideal HCC screening interval and screening modality have not been determined. This study aimed to compare the screening efficacy among different modalities with various intervals.

Benefits and harms of screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk populations: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been increasing around the world. Current guidelines recommend HCC screening in high-risk population. However, the strength of evidence of benefits and harms of HCC screening to support the recommendation was unclear.

Effects of bariatric surgery on testosterone level and sexual function in men with obesity: A retrospective study.

Introduction: Bariatric surgeries induce well-documented weight loss and resolve obesity comorbidities. Sexual function is one of the aspects of life quality and may benefit from surgery. Few studies have revealed the impact of bariatric surgeries on sexual function in Chinese men with obesity.

A Retrospective Evaluation of Pregnancy Outcomes Following Bariatric Surgery: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) is an effective treatment for obesity and its complications, but its effect on pregnancy outcomes is inconclusive. The present study aimed to investigate women's pregnancy status and outcomes as well as the impact of pregnancy intervals after BMS.

Methods: The menstrual cycle and fertility status of women who underwent BMS in our centre between July 2010 and January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and followed up until one-year post-delivery.

Risk of Fracture With Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors, Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, or Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis Combining 177 Randomized Controlled Trials With a Median Follow-Up of 26 weeks.

This study aims to investigate the association between the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and the risk of fracture among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Clinical-Trials.gov databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Polo-like kinases as potential targets and PLK2 as a novel biomarker for the prognosis of human glioblastoma.

The most prevalent malignant central nervous system (CNS) cancer is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). PLKs (polo-like kinases) are a kind of serine-threonine kinase that modulate DNA replication, mitosis, and stress responses. PLKs in GBM need to be better studied and examined in terms of their expression, function, along with prognostic significance.

Comprehensive analysis of the LncRNAs, MiRNAs, and MRNAs acting within the competing endogenous RNA network of LGG.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) targets interact via competitive microRNA (miRNA) binding. However, the roles of cancer-specific lncRNAs in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks of low-grade glioma (LGG) remain unclear. This study obtained RNA sequencing data for normal solid tissue and LGG primary tumour tissue from The Cancer Genome Atlas database.

Apcin inhibits the growth and invasion of glioblastoma cells and improves glioma sensitivity to temozolomide.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, and GBM patients have a poor overall prognosis. CDC20 expression is increased in a variety of tumors and associated with temozolomide (TMZ) resistance in glioma cells. Apcin specifically binds to CDC20 to inhibit APC/C-CDC20 interaction and exhibits antitumor properties.

Impact of Self-Monitoring on Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Weight loss after bariatric surgery varies among patients. Patients who do not comply with self-monitoring are predicted to lose less weight than those who comply with self-monitoring.

Objective: To assess the effect of compliance with self-monitoring behavior on long-term %excess weight loss (%EWL) and %total weight loss (%TWL) among patients receiving laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB).