Myeloid-derived suppressor cell-targeted virus-like particles synergistically activate innate immune response for cancer immunotherapy.

The importance of the tumor microenvironment in dynamically modulating neoplastic process, fostering proliferation, survival and migration is now widely appreciated. Therapeutics directed to various components of tumor microenvironment, especially tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), have become an attractive avenue for cancer immunotherapy. Virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from cowpea chlorotic mottle viruses (CCMV) have been used extensively in biotechnology and are ideal platforms for the targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs for cancer immunotherapy.

Human herpesvirus-associated transposable element activation in human aging brains with Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Human herpesvirus (HHV) has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.

Methods: We leveraged functional genomics data from Religious Orders Study or the Rush Memory and Aging Project (ROS/MAP) and Mount Sinai Brain Bank (MSBB) brain biobanks and single-cell RNA-sequencing data from HHV-infected forebrain organoids to investigate HHV-infection-associated transposable element (TE) dysregulation underlying AD etiologies.

Results: We identified widespread TE dysregulation in HHV-positive human AD brains, including an astrocyte-specific upregulation of LINE1 subfamily TEs in HHV-positive human AD brains.

Viscoelastic Mechanics: From Pathology and Cell Fate to Tissue Regeneration Biomaterial Development.

Viscoelasticity is the mechanical feature of living tissues and the cellular extracellular matrix (ECM) and has been recognized as an essential biophysical cue in cell function and fate regulation, tissue development and homeostasis maintenance, and disease progression. These findings provide new insights for the development of biomaterials with comparable viscoelastic properties as native ECMs and the tissue matrix, displaying promising applications in regeneration medicine. In this review, the relationship between matrix viscoelasticity and tissue functions (e.

NR1D1 Inhibition Enhances Autophagy and Mitophagy in Alzheimer's Disease Models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by extracellular beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular Tau tangles, leading to progressive cognitive decline and neuronal dysfunction. Impaired autophagy, a process by which a cell breaks down and destroys damaged or abnormal proteins and other substances, contributes to AD progression. This study investigated Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group D Member 1 (NR1D1) as a potential therapeutic target for modulating autophagy.

Dopamine and alkylated silica functionalized Janus gauze with fluid control capability for rapid hemostasis.

Hemorrhage caused by trauma is a global public health issue. While traditional cotton gauze compression is commonly used for hemostasis, its efficacy is limited in severe hemorrhage cases. Herein, we developed a gauze with Janus wettability (JW-G).

Hyperglycemia-Enhanced Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Drive Mucosal Immunopathology at the Oral Barrier.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a risk factor for mucosal homeostasis and enhances the susceptibility to inflammation, in which neutrophils have been increasingly appreciated for their role. Here, barrier disruption and inflammation are observed at oral mucosa (gingiva) of T2D patients and mice. It is demonstrated that neutrophils infiltrate the gingival mucosa of T2D mice and expel obvious neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), while removal of NETs alleviates the disruption of mucosal barrier.

A luminescent-based protocol for NAD/NADH detection in C. elegans, mice, and human whole blood.

Here, we present a NAD/NADH detection assay for evaluating NAD, NADH, and NAD/NADH ratio across diverse biological models, including Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse muscle tissue, mouse whole blood, and human whole blood. We describe steps for sample collection and preparation from different models as well as detection and calculation of NAD and NADH levels. This protocol is applicable for quantifying cellular/tissue NAD and NADH levels across different biological models.

Efficient recovery of highly pure CaF from fluorine-containing wastewater using an icy lime solution.

Developing a feasible and low-cost strategy for the recovery of calcium fluoride efficiently from fluoride-containing wastewater is very essential for the recycle of fluoride resources. Herein, a modified lime precipitation method was employed to recover CaF from fluorinated wastewater using a special icy lime solution. Intriguingly, the highest F removal was greater than 95% under the optimal condition, leaving a fluoride concentration from 200 to 8.

Small-molecule Molephantin induces apoptosis and mitophagy flux blockage through ROS production in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most malignant brain tumors in the world, has limited treatment options and a dismal survival rate. Effective and safe disease-modifying drugs for glioblastoma are urgently needed. Here, we identified a small molecule, Molephantin (EM-5), effectively penetrated the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and demonstrated notable antitumor effects against GBM with good safety profiles both in vitro and in vivo.

Supramolecular nanoparticles based on elastin-like peptides modified capsid protein as drug delivery platform with enhanced cancer chemotherapy efficacy.

Cancer, a prevalent disease posing significant threats to human health and longevity, necessitates effective therapeutic interventions. Chemotherapy has emerged as a primary strategy following surgical procedures for combating most malignancies. Despite the considerable efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutic agents against cancer cells, their utility is hindered by profound challenges such as multidrug resistance and deleterious toxic side effects, thereby limiting their systemic application.

Interface dissolution kinetics and porosity formation of calcite and dolomite (110) and (104) planes: An implication to the stability of geologic carbon sequestration.

Geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) via injecting CO into deep carbonate reservoirs (mainly calcite and dolomite) is a promising strategy to reduce CO level. However, the dissolution or precipitation of calcite/dolomite planes on minerals/solution interface during long-term GCS process develops intergranular porosity and thus affects the permeability and stability of reservoirs. To investigate this process, both calcite and dolomite were dissolved in acetic and carbonic acids.

Functionalized Virus Nanoparticles Alleviates Osteoporosis via Targeting the Function of RANK-Specific Motifs.

Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease characterized by excessive osteoclast-induced bone loss. RANKL/RANK signaling pathway is essential for osteoclastogenesis and is a key target for osteoporosis. However, regarding the fact that RANKL/RANK also functions beyond bone, the total block of RANKL/RANK will have unwanted impact on other organs.

Construction of viral protein-based hybrid nanomaterials mediated by a macromolecular glue.

A generic strategy to construct virus protein-based hybrid nanomaterials is reported by using a macromolecular glue inspired by mussel adhesion. Commercially available poly(isobutylene--maleic anhydride) (PiBMA) modified with dopamine (PiBMAD) is designed as this macromolecular glue, which serves as a universal adhesive material for the construction of multicomponent hybrid nanomaterials. As a proof of concept, gold nanorods (AuNRs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are initially coated with PiBMAD.

Mitochondria and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A New Hotspot.

Growing evidence suggests that the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is on the rise with the aged population with substantially overlapping clinical and pathological features. The journal "Aging & Disease" portals are always responsive to publishing cutting-edge research on age-related neurodegeneration. Even though outstanding progress has recently been made in understanding NDs, the underlying mechanisms involved in neuronal degeneration are yet to be deciphered and addressed.

Chemotaxis assay for evaluation of memory-like behavior in wild-type and Alzheimer's-disease-like C. elegans models.

Here, we present an olfactory-dependent chemotaxis assay for evaluating changes in memory-like behavior in both wild-type and Alzheimer's-disease-like C. elegans models. We describe steps for synchronizing and preparing C.

Engineered Plant Virus Complexes with a RANK Motif Modulator and Bone Targeting for Osteoporosis Treatment.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by excessive osteoclastic bone resorption and impaired osteoblastic bone formation. Traditional delivery of antiresorptive drugs lacks a specific biodistribution in the body and may cause adverse effects to the patients. In this study, the peptide BTRM is first synthesized consisting of the bone-targeting peptide Asp8 (BT) and the peptide derived from the amino acid sequences of RANK Motif2/3 (RM), two cytoplasmic RANK motifs (PVQEET and PVQEQG) that have been reported to play an important role in osteoclastogenesis.

Key competencies of students with autism spectrum disorders: Perspectives of Chinese teachers and parents.

Well-defined key competencies for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) help develop curriculum and pedagogies that emphasize what students with ASD are expected to learn, to know and to do. Most of the current research on the key competencies of ASD is theoretical and based on the social and cultural backgrounds of western countries. The key competencies defined by most of the research lack of the support of empirical evidence.

Self-Adaptive Antibacterial Scaffold with Programmed Delivery of Osteogenic Peptide and Lysozyme for Infected Bone Defect Treatment.

Bone defects caused by disease or trauma are often accompanied by infection, which severely disrupts the normal function of bone tissue at the defect site. Biomaterials that can simultaneously reduce inflammation and promote osteogenesis are effective tools for addressing this problem. In this study, we set up a programmed delivery platform based on a chitosan scaffold to enhance its osteogenic activity and prevent implant-related infections.

Relationship between different types of complement syntax and false belief in Mandarin-speaking children with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing children.

Previous studies have shown that complement syntax is closely associated with false belief (FB) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the relationship between different types of complement syntax and FB remains unclear. This study examined the relationship between different types of complement syntax and FB in both ASD and typically developing (TD) children.

Which Seat Facilitates the Detection of Off-Seat Behaviours? An Inattentional Blindness Test on Location Effect in the Classroom.

Off-seat behaviour refers to students leaving their seats and walking out of a classroom without the teacher noticing. This behaviour occurs in special education for students with certain special needs, which would lead to serious safety problems. This study carried out an inattentional blindness test to explore whether the location of seats in classrooms would impact teachers' detection rate regarding off-seat behaviours.

An update of nanotopographical surfaces in modulating stem cell fate: a narrative review.

Stem cells have been one of the ideal sources for tissue regeneration owing to their capability of self-renewal and differentiation. In vivo, the extracellular microenvironment plays a vital role in modulating stem cell fate. When developing biomaterials for regenerative medicine, incorporating biochemical and biophysical cues to mimic extracellular matrix can enhance stem cell lineage differentiation.

P. edulis Extract Protects Against Amyloid-β Toxicity in Alzheimer's Disease Models Through Maintenance of Mitochondrial Homeostasis via the FOXO3/DAF-16 Pathway.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common and devastating disease characterized by pathological aggregations of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques extracellularly, and Tau tangles intracellularly. While our understandings of the aetiologies of AD have greatly expanded over the decades, there is no drug available to stop disease progression. Here, we demonstrate the potential of Passiflora edulis (P.

Psychological Capital and Occupational Well-Being: Mediating Effects of Work Engagement Among Chinese Special Education Teachers.

This study examines whether psychological capital (PsyCap) indirectly predicts occupational well-being among Chinese special education teachers through work engagement. In total, 615 Chinese special education teachers (female = 567) completed the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, the Special Education Teachers' Occupational Well-Being Questionnaire, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The results indicated that PsyCap was positively correlated with occupational well-being and work engagement.