Unraveling the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in allergic inflammation: implications for novel therapies.

Allergic diseases like asthma, allergic rhinitis and dermatitis pose a significant global health burden, driving the search for novel therapies. The NLRP3 inflammasome, a key component of the innate immune system, is implicated in various inflammatory diseases. Upon exposure to allergens, NLRP3 undergoes a two-step activation process (priming and assembly) to form active inflammasomes.

[Progress in dendritic cell-derived exosomes in allergic rhinitis].

Allergic rhinitis (AR), a common disease in otolaryngology, is a key risk factor for poorly controlled asthma and many complications, although it is not life-threatening. The negative impact of AR on social productive forces and human health is no less than that of asthma. Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in AR.

Involvement and repair of epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic diseases.

The epithelial barrier serves as a critical defense mechanism separating the human body from the external environment, fulfilling both physical and immune functions. This barrier plays a pivotal role in shielding the body from environmental risk factors such as allergens, pathogens, and pollutants. However, since the 19th century, the escalating threats posed by environmental pollution, global warming, heightened usage of industrial chemical products, and alterations in biodiversity have contributed to a noteworthy surge in allergic disease incidences.

Quercetin inhibits the activity and function of dendritic cells through the TLR4/IRAK4/NF-κB signalling pathway.

Introduction: To investigate the inhibitory effect of quercetin (QUE) on dendritic cells (DCs) through the toll-like receptor 4/interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4/nuclear factor kappa-B (TLR4/IRAK4/NF-κB) signalling pathway.

Material And Methods: CCK-8 and apoptosis assays were performed to determine the optimal concentration and action time of QUE to inhibit DCs. Protein extracts from treated DCs were used for Western blotting experiments to determine the relative expression levels of TLR4, IRAK4, and NF-κB p65 proteins.

Stemness maintenance of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in 3D spheroid formation through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great potential as important therapeutic tools for dental pulp tissue engineering, with the maintenance and enhancement of their stemness being crucial for successful therapeutic application and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid formation considered a reliable technique for enhancing their pluripotency. Human exfoliated deciduous tooth stem cells (SHED) were cultured in a low attachment plate to form aggregates for five days. Then, the resulting spheroids were analyzed for pluripotent marker expression, paracrine secretory function, proliferation, signaling pathways involved, and distribution of key proteins within the spheroids.

Tolerogenic dendritic cells and TLR4/IRAK4/NF-κB signaling pathway in allergic rhinitis.

Dendritic cells (DCs), central participants in the allergic immune response, can capture and present allergens leading to allergic inflammation in the immunopathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). In addition to initiating antigen-specific immune responses, DCs induce tolerance and modulate immune homeostasis. As a special type of DCs, tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs) achieve immune tolerance mainly by suppressing effector T cell responses and inducing regulatory T cells (Tregs).

The Role of Inflammation-Associated Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which originates in the head or neck tissues, is characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Inflammation is important in HNSCC prognosis. Inflammatory cells and their secreted factors contribute to the various stages of HNSCC development through multiple mechanisms.

Identification of alpha-linolenic acid as a broad-spectrum antiviral against zika, dengue, herpes simplex, influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Zika virus (ZIKV) has garnered global attention due to its association with severe congenital defects including microcephaly. However, there are no licensed vaccines or drugs against ZIKV infection. Pregnant women have the greatest need for treatment, making drug safety crucial.

TOM40 regulates the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through ROS-mediated AKT/mTOR and p53 signaling.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent cancer in Southern China, North Africa, and Southeast Asia. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) 40 is a transporter of mitochondrial proteins, and is involved in ovarian cancer cell growth. However, its role in the progression of NPC is still unclear.

The role of dendritic cells in allergic diseases.

Allergic diseases are important diseases that affect many patients worldwide. Over the past few decades, the incidence of allergic diseases has increased significantly due to social development and increased environmental degradation, which has placed a huge economic burden on public health and even led to an increase in mortality. Substantial progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms of allergic diseases, and past studies have shown that the occurrence and development of allergic diseases are closely related to changes in the state of the immune system.

Research Advances in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis by Probiotics.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) impairs the quality of life of patients and reduces the efficiency of social work, it is an increasingly serious public medical and economic problem in the world. Conventional anti-allergic drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) can cause certain side effects, which limit the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it makes sense to look for other forms of treatment.

Dendrobium nobile protects against ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis by regulating intestinal flora and suppressing lung inflammation.

Antibiotic exposure-induced dysbiosis of the intestinal flora increases the risk of developing allergic rhinitis. Hence, regulating the balance of intestinal flora may be useful for preventing and treating allergic rhinitis. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear.

Differential Effects of Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Beta on Endogenous Ligands of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Purpose: The inhibition of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) or the activation of ERβ can inhibit papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), but the precise mechanism is not known. We aimed to explore the role of ERα and ERβ on the production of endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligands in PTC.

Methods: 2 PTC cell lines, 32 pairs of PTC tissues and matched normal thyroid tissues were used in this study.

LncRNA HOXC-AS1 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression by sponging miR-4651 and subsequently upregulating FOXO6.

The incidence rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the highest among the malignant tumors of otorhinolaryngology, posing a huge burden to public health. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert an important role in tumorigenesis and the progression of various cancers. The present study found that HOXC-AS1 was highly expressed in NPC and in NPC cell lines, suggesting a critical role of HOXC-AS1 in NPC progression.

Screening of Anti-Inflammatory Components of Qin Jin Hua Tan Tang by a Multivariate Statistical Analysis Approach for Spectrum-Effect Relationships.

Qing Jin Hua Tan Tang (QJHTT) exerts therapeutic effects in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by alleviating inflammation. However, the anti-inflammatory components of QJHTT have not yet been reported. Our study aimed to screen the active anti-inflammatory components of QJHTT using a multivariate statistical analysis approach for spectrum-effect relationships.

Yan-Hou-Qing formula attenuates ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis in rats via inhibition of NF-κB and COX-2.

Background: Yan Hou Qing (YHQ) is a Chinese medicinal formula designed to alleviate sore throat symptoms, but underlying mechanism of YHQ treatment for pharyngitis is poorly defined up to now.

Methods: In this study, the modulation of YHQ on pharyngitis is investigated in ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis rat models. After treatment with YHQ or dexamethasone respectively for five consecutive days, all rats were sacrificed for biomolecular and histopathologic study.

[Three-dimension CT assisted treatment of nasal fracture].

To investigate the diagnosis and evaluation methods of nasal bone fractures after nasal trauma, and the guiding significance of three-dimensional CT imaging technology for its treatment. A total of 255 patients with nasal bone fractures were randomly selected from our hospital. All patients underwent CT scan of the nasal bones and reconstructed on a computer system.

The role of microRNA in cisplatin resistance or sensitivity.

Introduction: Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug that has been used to treat a number of cancers for decades, and is still one of the most commonly used anti-cancer agents. However, some patients do not respond to cisplatin while other patients who were originally sensitive to cisplatin eventually develop chemoresistance, leading to treatment failure or/and tumor recurrence.

Areas Covered: Different mechanisms contribute to cisplatin resistance or sensitivity, involving multiple pathways or/and processes such as DNA repair, DNA damage response, drug transport, and apoptosis.

LingZhi oligopeptides amino acid sequence analysis and anticancer potency evaluation.

LingZhi () has been used as a therapeutic agent for decades, but the antitumor potency of LingZhi oligopeptides (LZOs) was not well explored. In current study, ten novel LZO amino acid sequences were identified, and anticancer potency was evaluated. We found that LZO-3 [EGHGF] significantly triggered A549 cell apoptosis mitochondrial dysregulation, as evidenced by caspases activation, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, Bcl-2/Bax ratio alteration, and cytochrome c release.

SPZ1 promotes deregulation of Bim to boost apoptosis resistance in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancies in adults. Similar to other solid tumors, CRC cells show increased proliferation and suppressed apoptosis during the development and progression of the disease. Previous studies have shown that a novel tumor oncogene, spermatogenic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor zip 1 (SPZ1), can promote proliferation.

Retracted Article: Synthesis of xanthone derivatives and anti-hepatocellular carcinoma potency evaluation: induced apoptosis.

Twenty-one xanthone derivatives (XDs) were synthesized by a microwave-assisted technique. Their inhibition potency against the growth of four cancer cell lines was evaluated. XD-1 ∼ [6,9,10-trihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-5-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-3,7-pyrano[2,3-]xanthen-7-one] was confirmed as the most active agent against HepG2 cell line growth with IC of 18.

Anti-inflammation action of xanthones from Swertia chirayita by regulating COX-2/NF-κB/MAPKs/Akt signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

Background: Swertia chirayita, has been commonly used under the name "Zang-yin-chen" for the treatment of liver infections, inflammation, abdominal pain, and bacterial infection in traditional Tibetan medicine. However, the bioactive components with anti-inflammatory activities and underlying mechanisms remain poorly evaluated.

Study Design/methods: Repeated column chromatography yielded two main xanthones from petroleum ether (PE) and ethyl acetate fractions of whole plants of S.

pVAX1-A20 alleviates colitis in mice by promoting regulatory T cells.

Aim: To investigate whether the intrarectal administration of the ubiquitin E3 ligase A20 (A20) attenuates intestinal inflammation and influences regulatory T cells in experimental colitis.

Methods: A dextran sulfate sodium induced chronic colitis mouse model was established. The symptoms and manifestations of colitis and the severity of colonic mucosal inflammation were evaluated.