Construction of a genetic linkage map and QTL mapping of the agronomic traits in Foxtail millet (Setaria italica).

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is one of the most ancient cultivated cereal crops and is ideal for the functional genomics of the Panicoideae crops. In the present study, we generated an F population consisting of 300 individuals by crossing an elite foxtail millet variety Jingu28 with a backbone line Ai88, and constructed a genetic linkage map with 213 published SSR markers and two InDel markers. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping identified 46 QTL for 12 agronomic traits, including 13 major effect QTL.

The Effect of Weed Control with Pre-Emergence Herbicides on the Yield Level of Mung Bean Yield.

The mung bean ( (Linn) Wilczek.) is a major grain crop in China, but its yield is significantly impacted by weeds. However, no pre-emergence herbicides are registered for mung bean fields in the China Pesticide Information Network.

Genome-wide identification of the adaptor protein complexes and its expression patterns analysis in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.).

Backgrounds: Adapter proteins (APs) complex is a class of heterotetrameric complexes comprising of 4-subunits with important regulatory functions in eukaryotic cell membrane vesicle trafficking. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is a significant C model plant for monocotyledon studies, and vesicle trafficking may plays a crucial role in various life activities related to growth and development.

Transcriptome profiling of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) pollen and anther.

Pollen development and germination play a crucial role in the sexual reproduction of plants. This study analysis of transcriptional dynamics of foxtail millet pollen with other tissues and organs (ovule, glume, seedling and root) through RNA-sequencing revealed that a total of 940 genes were up-regulated in foxtail millet pollen. Based on this, we analyzed the genes involved in pollen tube growth of receptor kinases and small peptides, calcium signaling, small G proteins, vesicle transport, cytoskeleton, cell wall correlation, and transcription factors that are up-regulated in pollen.

Effects of different preceding crops on soil nutrients and foxtail millet productivity and quality.

Crop rotation can affect crop productivity and soil characteristics; however, the impact of preceding crops on the yield and quality of foxtail millet and the relationship between these two factors have not been well characterised. To further investigate the effects of preceding crops on foxtail millet, this study cultivated maize, mung beans, soybeans, potatoes, and proso millet as the preceding crops and rotated them with Zhangzagu10 foxtail millet. A randomised complete block design was employed for the study, and soil and millet samples were collected after harvest.

Linear phenolic polymers with amide stabilized catechol moieties.

Phenolic polymers with catechol groups easily undergo oxidative crosslinking. Through the incorporation of pendant amide groups, the thermal stability of linear phenolic polymers with catechol moieties was significantly improved with maintained antioxidation performance and solubility in THF after storing at 80 °C for 96 hours.

Effect of Compound Fertilizer on Foxtail Millet Productivity and Soil Environment.

The effects of balanced fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) on foxtail millet productivity and the soil environment under the same conditions of total nutrients have received limited research attention. Therefore, in this study, three balanced fertilization patterns of 27-14-10 (T1), 27-17-7 (T2), and 30-10-11 (T3), and one no fertilization treatment (CK), a total of four treatments, were set up through a two-year field experiment to study the effects of balanced fertilization patterns on foxtail millet yield and soil environment. Mantel analysis was conducted to reveal the correlation between soil environmental factors and the community and their contribution to productivity.

Chitosan nanoparticles alleviate chromium toxicity by modulating metabolic homeostasis and promoting chromium sequestration in Zea mays L.

Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have been proposed as a potential alternative in alleviating chromium (Cr) toxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying remains poorly understood. This study investigates the effects of CSNPs on carbon/nitrogen metabolism, cell wall Cr binding capacity, and antioxidant activity in Zea mays L.

LYCHOS is a human hybrid of a plant-like PIN transporter and a GPCR.

Lysosomes have crucial roles in regulating eukaryotic metabolism and cell growth by acting as signalling platforms to sense and respond to changes in nutrient and energy availability. LYCHOS (GPR155) is a lysosomal transmembrane protein that functions as a cholesterol sensor, facilitating the cholesterol-dependent activation of the master protein kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). However, the structural basis of LYCHOS assembly and activity remains unclear.

Identification of systemic nitrogen signaling in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) roots based on split-root system and transcriptome analysis.

The study established split-root system (SRS) in foxtail millet, and identified the molecular regulatory mechanisms and metabolic pathways related to systemic nitrogen signaling based on this system and transcriptome analysis. The growth of crops is primarily constrained by the availability of nitrogen (N), an essential nutrient. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.

Rapid reconstitution of ubiquitinated nucleosome using a non-denatured histone octamer ubiquitylation approach.

Background: Histone ubiquitination modification is emerging as a critical epigenetic mechanism involved in a range of biological processes. In vitro reconstitution of ubiquitinated nucleosomes is pivotal for elucidating the influence of histone ubiquitination on chromatin dynamics.

Results: In this study, we introduce a Non-Denatured Histone Octamer Ubiquitylation (NDHOU) approach for generating ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like modified histone octamers.

Water-dispersible macromolecular antioxidants for toughening and strengthening cellulose membranes.

Biodegradable packaging materials from cellulose are eco-friendly alternatives to traditional petroleum-based plastics. Balancing its mechanical properties as well as protective values (antioxidation, oxygen barrier, etc.) is critical.

Cryo-EM structure and functional analysis of the chromatin remodeler RSF.

The RSF complex belongs to the ISWI chromatin-remodeling family and is composed of two subunits: RSF1 (remodeling and spacing factor 1) and SNF2h (sucrose nonfermenting protein 2 homolog). The RSF complex participates in nucleosome spacing and assembly, and subsequently promotes nucleosome maturation. Although SNF2h has been extensively studied in the last few years, the structural and functional properties of the remodeler RSF1 still remain vague.

Allelopathic Effects of Corn Straw and Its Water Extracts on Four Weed Species and Foxtail Millet.

Straw covering is a protective tillage measure in agricultural production, but there is relatively little research on the allelopathic effects of corn straw on weeds and foxtail millet. This experiment studied the allelopathic effects of corn straw on four weeds (, , and ) in foxtail millet fields, and also measured the growth indicators of foxtail millet. The study consisted of Petri dish and field experiments.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulate nitrogen signaling using temporal transcriptome analysis in foxtail millet.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a chemically reactive chemical substance containing oxygen and a natural by-product of normal oxygen metabolism. Excessive ROS affect the growth process of crops, which will lead to the decrease of yield. Nitrogen, as a critical nutrient element in plants and plays a vital role in plant growth and crop production.

Efficient Delivery of Lomitapide using Hybrid Membrane-Coated Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructures for Glioblastoma Therapy.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and prevalent primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Traditional chemotherapy has poor therapeutic effects and significant side effects due to drug resistance, the natural blood-brain barrier (BBB), and nonspecific distribution, leading to a lack of clinically effective therapeutic drugs. Here, 1430 small molecule compounds are screened based on a high-throughput drug screening platform and a novel anti-GBM drug, lomitapide (LMP) is obtained.

Transcriptome and co-expression network revealed molecular mechanism underlying selenium response of foxtail millet ().

Introduction: Selenium-enriched foxtail millet () represents a functional cereal with significant health benefits for humans. This study endeavors to examine the impact of foliar application of sodium selenite (NaSeO) on foxtail millet, specifically focusing on selenium (Se) accumulation and transportation within various plant tissues.

Methods: To unravel the molecular mechanisms governing selenium accumulation and transportation in foxtail millet, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of selenium content and transcriptome responses in foxtail millet spikelets across different days (3, 5, 7, and 12) under NaSeO treatment (200 μmol/L).