Molecularly imprinted polymers on graphene oxide surface for EIS sensing of testosterone.

A novel electrochemical biosensor was developed for ultrasensitive determination of testosterone from femtomolar to micromolar levels via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The sensor features a nanosized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film that was electrochemically grafted on a graphene-oxide sheets modified electrode. The detection mechanism of this senor is explained via the change of the interfacial impedance that derived from the recognition of the target molecule.