Pressure-Induced Molding of Black Phosphorus@TiCT Composite Electrode and Its Implications on the Lithium Storage.

For the first time, an innovative pressure quenching technique is used to create the integrated electrode of the black phosphorus (BP) @TiCT composite material, doing away with the requirement for adhesive additives and simplifying time-consuming processes. Through the formation of Ti-O-P bonds with BP, TiCT MXenes can function as conductive additives and affect the interlayer gap. Additionally, we have found that there is a critical synthetic pressure threshold (300 kN) at which the performance of BP@TiCT-integrated electrodes can be improved: too high of a pressure prevents lithium-ion transport because of mesopore reduction; too low of a pressure prevents Ti-O-P chemical bond formation between the two components; and suboptimal pressure does not allow for density enhancement for better electron conduction.