Essential role of Alix in regulating cardiomyocyte exosome biogenesis under physiological and stress conditions.

Background: Exosomes released by cardiomyocytes are essential mediators of intercellular communications within the heart, and various exosomal proteins and miRNAs are associated with cardiovascular diseases. However, whether the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) and its key component Alix is required for exosome biogenesis within cardiomyocyte remains poorly understood.

Methods: Super-resolution imaging was performed to investigate the subcellular location of Alix and multivesicular body (MVB) in primary cardiomyocytes.

Lgl1 deficiency disrupts hippocampal development and impairs cognitive performance in mice.

Cellular polarity is crucial for brain development and morphogenesis. Lethal giant larvae 1 (Lgl1) plays a crucial role in the establishment of cell polarity from Drosophila to mammalian cells. Previous studies have found the importance of Lgl1 in the development of cerebellar, olfactory bulb, and cerebral cortex.

The p38 MAPK Inhibitor SB203580 Abrogates Tumor Necrosis Factor-Induced Proliferative Expansion of Mouse CD4Foxp3 Regulatory T Cells.

There is now compelling evidence that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) preferentially activates and expands CD4Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs) through TNF receptor type II (TNFR2). However, it remains unclear which signaling transduction pathway(s) of TNFR2 is required for the stimulation of Tregs. Previously, it was shown that the interaction of TNF-TNFR2 resulted in the activation of a number of signaling pathways, including p38 MAPK, NF-κB, in T cells.

Trio gene is required for mouse learning ability.

Trio is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor with multiple guanine nucleotide exchange factor domains. Trio regulates cytoskeleton dynamics and actin remodeling and is involved in cell migration and axonal guidance in neuronal development. The null allele of the Trio gene led to embryonic lethality, and Trio null embryos displayed aberrant organization in several regions of the brain at E18.

Decreased expression of elastin and lysyl oxidase family genes in urogenital tissues of aging mice.

Aim: This study aims to investigate the expression levels of elastin and lysyl oxidase (LOX) family members in the urogenital tissues of natural aging mice and accelerated ovarian aging mice.

Method: Uteri, vaginas and bladders were harvested from 18-month-old female mice and accelerated ovarian aging mice developed by chemotherapeutic agents. Untreated 3-month-old female mice were used as controls.