Effect of Dahuang Danpi Decoction on Lactobacillus bulgaricus growth and metabolism: In vitro study.

Gut flora plays an essential role in disease and health. A traditional Chinese herb formula, Dahuang Danpi Decoction (DDD) can alleviate several gastrointestinal diseases.In the present study, we assessed the effect of DDD on the growth and metabolism of Lactobacillus bulgaricus.

Improved Jayaweera-Mikkelsen model to quantify ammonia volatilization from rice paddy fields in China.

Current estimates of China's ammonia (NH) volatilization from paddy rice differ by more than twofold, mainly due to inappropriate application of chamber-based measurements and improper assumptions within process-based models. Here, we improved the Jayaweera-Mikkelsen (JM) model through multiplying the concentration of aqueous NH in ponded water by an activity coefficient that was determined based on high-frequency flux observations at Jingzhou station in Central China. We found that the improved JM model could reproduce the dynamics of observed NH flux (R = 0.

Quantifying nitrogen leaching response to fertilizer additions in China's cropland.

Agricultural soils account for more than 50% of nitrogen leaching (LN) to groundwater in China. When excess levels of nitrogen accumulate in groundwater, it poses a risk of adverse health effects. Despite this recognition, estimation of LN from cropland soils in a broad spatial scale is still quite uncertain in China.

Re-estimating NH3 Emissions from Chinese Cropland by a New Nonlinear Model.

Ammonia (NH3) released to the atmosphere leads to a cascade of impacts on the environment, yet estimation of NH3 volatilization from cropland soils (VNH3) in a broad spatial scale is still quite uncertain in China. This mainly stems from nonlinear relationships between VNH3 and relevant factors. On the basis of 495 site-years of measurements at 78 sites across Chinese croplands, we developed a nonlinear Bayesian tree regression model to determine how environmental factors modulate the local derivative of VNH3 to nitrogen application rates (Nrate) (VR, %).