Cucurbitacin IIb mitigates concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury by suppressing M1 macrophage polarization.

Cucurbitacins are a class of triterpenoid compounds extracted from plants and possess various pharmacological applications. Cucurbitacin IIb (CuIIb), extracted from the medicinal plant Hemsleya amabilis (Cucurbitaceae), has served as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of bacterial dysentery and intestinal inflammation. CuIIb has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity; however, the protective effect of CuIIb against concanavalin A (Con A)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) and the fundamental mechanism remain unelucidated.

A small-molecule enhancer of STAT1 affects herpes simplex keratitis prognosis by mediating plasmacytoid dendritic cells migration through CXCR3/CXCL10.

Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is a prevalent infectious corneal disorder. This study aims to explore the role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in HSK, an area that remains underexplored. The investigation centers on the effects of a STAT1 transcription enhancer, 2-NP, on pDCs and its underlying mechanisms.

The symbiont Wolbachia increases resistance to bifenthrin in Ectropis grisescens by regulating the host detoxification function.

The global issue of insecticide resistance among pests is a major concern. Ectropis grisescens Warren (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is a highly destructive leaf-eating pest distributed in tea plantations throughout China and Japan, and has exhibited resistance to various insecticides. Recent studies suggest that insect symbionts play a role in influencing insecticide resistance, however, their specific involvement in E.

Maternal exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics during gestation and lactation caused fertility decline in female mouse offspring.

The impact of micro/nano plastics (MPs/NPs) on human health is a significant area of research. Studies on the effects of maternal exposure to microplastics (MPs) on the fertility in offspring have been conducted, but the damage caused by nanoplastics (NPs) remains ambiguous. In this study, pregnant Kunming mice were exposed to 30 mg/kg/day PS-NPs from 0.

Actuation performance of MXenes in response to moisture gradients: A systematic investigation.

Humidity-responsive actuators (HRA) have garnered significant interest across various domains. Since 2020, MXene have been extensively studied for their potential in HRA, demonstrating remarkable performance. Thus far, more than 70 MXene materials have been found.

Diminished salivary cortisol response to mental stress predict all-cause mortality in general population.

Objectives: To characterize individuals with a diminished salivary cortisol response to mental stress, assess its association with all-cause mortality, and quantify the mediating effects of the most relevant and modifiable factors to identify potential target for prevention.

Methods: Data from MIDUS II study with a 16-year follow-up, were used to categorize 1129 participants as responders or non-responders based on the existence of increase in salivary cortisol under mental stress. LASSO-logistics analysis identified the most relevant factors.

PD-L1 testing patterns in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) in the U.S.

Background: Pembrolizumab with/without platinum + 5-FU is approved for the first-line (1L) treatment of R/M HNSCC, and its monotherapy use requires PD-L1 Combined Positive Score (CPS) ≥ 1. We aimed to understand PD-L1 testing patterns and associations with patient characteristics and treatment choice in R/M HNSCC.

Methods: Adults with R/M HNSCC initiating 1L systemic therapy were included from a U.

The abiologically and biologically driving effects on organic matter in marginal seas revealed by deep learning-assisted model analysis.

The biogeochemical processes of organic matter exhibit notable variability and unpredictability in marginal seas. In this study, the abiologically and biologically driving effects on particulate organic matter (POM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were investigated in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea of China, by introducing the cutting-edge network inference tool of deep learning. The concentration of particulate organic carbon (POC) was determined to characterize the status of POM, and the fractions and fluorescent properties of DOM were identified through 3D excitation-emission-matrix spectra (3D-EEM) combined parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC).

YafN-YafO toxin-antitoxin system contributes to stress resistance and virulence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major threat to the poultry industry, causing bloodstream and extraintestinal infections. Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are known to aid bacterial pathogens in adapting to stress, promoting persister cell formation, and enhancing virulence. While type II TA systems have been extensively studied in many pathogens, APEC-derived TAs have received limited attention.

Structural design and evolution of one-dimensional Cu hydrogen-bonded organic framework for catalyzing the rapid decomposition of ammonium perchlorate.

Enhancing the decomposition rate of ammonium perchlorate (AP), the most common oxidizer in solid propellants, is important for improving propellant performance. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been developed as key materials for catalyzing AP decomposition, as they can achieve good dispersion of active sites through in-situ decomposition. Despite having considerable potential, the structural transformation process and catalytic performance of MOFs in AP decomposition are still unclear, which seriously hinders their application in the field of AP decomposition.

Characteristics of Soluble PD-L1 and PD-1 Expression and Their Correlations With Immune Status and Prognosis in Advanced Lung Cancer.

Purpose: Our study aims to evaluate the characteristics of serum soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) levels and their correlations with immune status and prognosis in advanced lung cancer patients.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with advanced lung cancer based on histology or cytology in Peking University People's Hospital from July 2020 to November 2021 were enrolled. Clinicopathological data were recorded and analyzed.

The impact of , , and polymorphisms on tacrolimus dose-adjusted concentration and clinical outcomes in adult allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Polymorphisms in genes related to drug-metabolising enzymes may affect tacrolimus exposure. This study aimed to assess the influence of , , and polymorphisms on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics and outcomes in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Forty-six adult patients receiving oral tacrolimus at an initial dose of 0.

Unravelling the prognostic and operative role of intratumoural microbiota in non-small cell lung cancer: Insights from 16S rRNA and RNA sequencing.

Background: Complex interrelationships between the microbiota and cancer have been identified by several studies. However, despite delineating microbial composition in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), key pathogenic microbiota and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: We performed 16S rRNA V3-V4 amplicon and transcriptome sequencing on cancerous and adjacent normal tissue samples from 30 patients with NSCLC, from which clinical characteristics and prognosis outcomes were collected.

Development of a robust and efficient virus-induced gene silencing system for reverse genetics in recalcitrant Camellia drupifera capsules.

Background: Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a rapid and powerful method for gene functional analysis in plants that pose challenges in stable transformation. Numerous VIGS systems based on Agrobacterium infiltration has been widely developed for tender tissues of various plant species, yet none is available for recalcitrant perennial woody plants with firmly lignified capsules, such as tea oil camellia. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient, robust, and cost-effective VIGS system for recalcitrant tissues.

Inhibition of METTL14 overcomes CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance driven by METTL14-m6A-E2F1-axis in ERα-positive breast cancer.

CDK4/6i, the first-line drug for treating ERα-positive breast cancer, significantly improves clinical outcomes. However, CDK4/6i resistance often develops and remains a major hurdle, and the underlying mechanisms remain challenging to fully investigate. Here, we used Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 library screening combined with single-cell sequencing to screen for molecules mediating CDK4/6i resistance and identified METTL14 as a determinant of CDK4/6i sensitivity.

Impaired ARID1A expression attenuated the immune response in gastric cancer via histone acetylation.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to examine whether ARID1A mutations confer a fitness advantage to gastric cancer from an immunological perspective, along with elucidating the underlying mechanism. Additionally, we aimed to identify the clinical potential of combining epigenetic inhibitors with immune checkpoint inhibitors to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy for gastric cancer.

Methods: The correlation between ARID1A gene expression and gastric cancer patient survival was analyzed using the GEO dataset GSE62254.

Clinicopathological and prognostic factor analyses of primary fallopian tube carcinoma and high-grade serous ovarian cancer: a single-institution retrospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinicopathologic features of primary fallopian tubal carcinoma (PFTC) and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and explore the prognostic factors of these two malignant tumors.

Methods: Fifty-seven patients diagnosed with PFTC from 2006 to 2015 and 60 patients diagnosed with HGSOC from 2014 to 2015 with complete prognostic information were identified at Women's Hospital of Zhejiang University. The clinicopathological and surgical data were collected, and the survival of the patients was followed for 5 years after surgery.

Wu-Mei-Wan enhances brown adipose tissue function and white adipose browning in obese mice via upregulation of HSF1.

Background: This research aims to explore the anti-obesity potential of Wu-Mei-Wan (WMW), particularly its effects on adipose tissue regulation in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). The study focuses on understanding the role of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in mediating these effects.

Methods: HFD-induced obese mice were treated with WMW.

YBX1 alleviates ferroptosis in osteoporosis via the ATF4/FSP1 axis in an mC manner.

Background: Interactions between RNA-binding proteins and RNA regulate RNA transcription during osteoporosis. Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death caused by iron metabolism, plays a vital role in osteoporosis. However, the mechanisms by which RNA-binding proteins are involved in ferroptosis during osteoporosis remain unclear.

Identification of a pathogenic SDHD mutation in a Chinese family with hereditary head and neck paraganglioma: implications for genetic counseling and management.

Background: This study aims to identify a pathogenic SDHD mutation associated with hereditary head and neck paraganglioma (HNPGL) in a Chinese family and to explore its implications for genetic counseling.

Methods: The study involved a family with 15 members spanning three generations. A 31-year-old patient (II-4) was diagnosed with a left parotid gland tumor and a right carotid body tumor, while both the father and elder sister had right carotid body tumors, and the third sister had bilateral carotid body tumors.

Analysis and prediction of subarachnoid hemorrhage burden in global, China, and Japan.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains a serious public health problem worldwide, especially in economically developed regions/countries. This study intends to thoroughly analyze the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate of SAH at the global, regional, and national levels. This study focused on the differences in SAH incidence between China and Japan from 1990 to 2019, and projected global, Chinese, and Japanese SAH incidence rates until 2030.

Frailty as a mediator between sleep quality and cognitive impairment among the rural older adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a common health problem among older adults. Previous studies have proven the association between sleep quality and cognitive impairment, but the specific underlying mechanisms need to be further explored. This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive impairment and the mediating effect of frailty in this relationship among the rural older adults.

Association Between Blood Urea Nitrogen and Delirium in Critically Ill Elderly Patients Without Kidney Diseases: A Retrospective Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Objective: This study investigates the association between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels and the risk of delirium in critically ill elderly patients without kidney disease.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from the MIMIC-IV database. The relationship between BUN and delirium risk was illustrated through the restricted cubic spline (RCS) method.

Altered 3D genome reorganization mediates precocious myeloid differentiation of aged hematopoietic stem cells in inflammation.

Inflammation is a driving force of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) aging, causing irreversible exhaustion of functional HSCs. However, the underlying mechanism of HSCs erosion by inflammatory insult remains poorly understood. Here, we find that transient LPS exposure primes aged HSCs to undergo accelerated differentiation at the expense of self-renewal, leading to depletion of HSCs.

The progression rate and risk factor analysis of small gastric subepithelial tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Small gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs) in the stomach can be managed through surveillance or resection. However, it is still controversial how often the lesion would progress if left untreated. This study aimed to evaluate the progression rate of small SETs and identify risk factors influencing tumor growth.