Subnanoscale Ion Beam Modification-Assisted Smoothing of Heterostructure Surfaces.

Glass ceramic (GC) is the most promising material for objective lenses for extreme ultraviolet lithography that must meet the subnanometer precision, which is characterized by low values of high spatial frequency surface roughness (HSFR). However, the HSFR of GC is typically degraded during ion beam figuring (IBF). Herein, a developed method for constructing molecular dynamics (MD) models of GC was presented, and the formation mechanisms of surface morphologies were investigated.

An Analysis of the Effect of Abrasive/Tool Wear on the Ductile Machining of Fused Silica from the Perspective of Stress.

Understanding the influence mechanism of abrasive/tool wear on machining is the key to realize high-efficiency ultra-precision machining of fused silica. To explore the effect of abrasive/tool wear on ductile machining, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) cutting models with different edge radii are established. Through the analysis of equivalent rake angle, hydrostatic pressure, cutting force and maximum principal stress with the Flamant's formula, the influence of edge radii on ductile-brittle transition (DBT) is discussed for the first time.

Exploration of China's net CO emissions evolutionary pathways by 2060 in the context of carbon neutrality.

In the context of global climate governance, as the biggest carbon emitter, China bears momentous responsibility for mitigating emissions. Especially after the carbon neutrality target is proposed, it is urgent for China to seek a feasible pathway to achieve net-zero carbon dioxide (CO) emissions by 2060. With the aims of exploring the net-zero emission pathways, an integrated prediction model incorporating the extreme learning machine (ELM) network, the Aquila optimizer (AO) technique, and the Elastic Net (EN) regression method is constructed.

Hydrostatic pressure stabilizes HIF‑1α expression in cancer cells to protect against oxidative damage during metastasis.

The tissue microenvironment is known to play a pivotal role in cancer metastasis. Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure generally increases along with the rapid growth of malignant tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and relevant mechanism of elevated hydrostatic pressure in promoting the metastasis of cancer cells.

The semi-centennial timescale dynamic assessment on carbon emission trajectory determinants for Hebei Province within the New Normal pattern shock.

New normal development pattern has already been experiencing in China since the rate of economics slowing down recent years. This new development circumstance requires targeted and adapted policy instruments as well as mitigation measures to facilitate to achieve carbon emission peak around 2030. In the context of the new normal pattern, its advancement effectiveness that boosting on carbon emission trajectory is calculated by three combination models over a semi-centennial time scales ranging from 1985 to 2035 in this study.

Enhanced Estrogenic Activity of Soybean Isoflavones by Coadministration of Liuwei Dihuang Pills in Ovariectomized Rats.

Soybean isoflavones are beneficial for treating hormone-related diseases. Simultaneous consumption of soybean isoflavones and Liuwei Dihuang pills (LWPs) is effective for treating perimenopausal period syndrome. However, why the combination of isoflavones and LWPs is more effective than ingestion of each component alone remains unknown.