Remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated groundwater with the use of surfactants and biosurfactants.

Remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated groundwater is challenging due to the large volume of contaminated water, restricted aquifer access, and the recalcitrance of hydrocarbons. This study evaluates chemically-based surfactants (A and B, comprised of alcohols, esters and distillates from petroleum) and biosurfactants (C and BS, containing enzymes and microbial-derived surfactants) to enhance petroleum-hydrocarbon remediation. Surfactants/biosurfactants were evaluated under environmental conditions mimicking Arabic Region groundwater.

Ameliorative effects of wine-steamed Songaria Cynomorium Herb: Chemical characterization by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and modulation of pathophysiology and JAK/STAT signaling pathway in kidney-Yang deficient rats.

Songaria Cynomorium Herb (SCH), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is recognized for its dual role as both a dietary supplement and a therapeutic agent. It is traditionally reputed to have kidney-tonifying and Yang-strengthening effects, which have made it a common ingredient in nutritious food supplements and health products. This study investigates the underlying mechanisms by which wine-steamed SCH, enhances kidney aphrodisiac qualities, focusing on the tyrosine kinase/signal transduction and transcriptional activation factor (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway.

Integration analysis of miRNA-mRNA uncovers the mechanisms of ochratoxin A-induced hepatotoxicity.

Ochratoxin A (OTA), the most toxic member of the ochratoxin family, is frequently detected in contaminated food and beverages, posing substantial health risks to both humans and animals, particularly due to its hepatotoxic effects. Although OTA is known to cause liver damage, the precise molecular mechanisms driving its toxicity remain poorly understood. In this study, we explored the hepatotoxic effects of OTA using LO2 cells and zebrafish models, combining miRNA and mRNA analyses to uncover the underlying mechanisms.

A case report of oculopharyngodistal myopathy with 126 CGG repeat expansions in .

Background: Oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM) is a rare hereditary muscle disease characterized by progressive ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, dysphagia, dysarthria, and distal muscle weakness. The genetic basis was identified in 2019 with CGG repeat expansions in the noncoding region of . Similar expansions in were later linked to OPDM, classifying the disease into OPDM1-4.

Influence of Pavement Material and Structure on Low-Temperature Crack Resistance for Double-Layer Asphalt Surface One-Time Paving.

The double-layer one-time-paving technology for asphalt mixtures enhances the interlayer adhesion and stability of pavement by simultaneously laying and compacting two layers of asphalt mixture, demonstrating improvements over traditional layer-by-layer paving and compaction methods. Based on this technology, the effects of paving techniques, mixture types, and structural layer thickness on the low-temperature crack resistance of pavement at -10 °C were investigated. Results indicated that, compared to traditional paving methods, the maximum tensile strain and bending strain energy density of pavement using the double-layer one-time-paving technique increased by at least 14% and 20%, respectively, under a 95% confidence level.

Subtalar joint arthroscopic-assisted reduction and cannulated screw fixation versus open reduction and internal fixation for treating displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures.

Background: The treatment of calcaneal fractures is not uniform. This study aimed to compare the functional and imaging results of subtalar joint arthroscopic reduction combined with cannulated screw fixation (SJACF) and the extended lateral approach (ELA) for the treatment of Sanders type II and III displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACFs).

Methods: From January 2020 to January 2023, 60 patients with calcaneal fractures were treated with SJACF or ELA for foot and ankle surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.

Ultrastructural study of microspore and male gametophyte development in Senecio cannabifolius Less.

The genus Senecio, which is a basal angiosperm group, holds significant importance for evolutionary and phylogenetic research. It is notable for possessing male meiotic characteristics that are rarely observed in most angiosperms. However, the current understanding about male meiosis in Senecio remains incomplete.

Metagenomic Insights in Antimicrobial Resistance Threats in Sludge from Aerobic and Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors.

Sludge is a biohazardous solid waste that is produced during wastewater treatment. It contains antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that pose significant antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threats. Herein, aerobic and anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AeMBRs and AnMBRs, respectively) were compared in terms of the volume of waste sludge generated by them, the presence of ARGs in the sludge, and the potential for horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events using metagenomics to determine which treatment process can better address AMR concerns associated with the generation of waste sludge.

Design of Magnetic Actuated Capsule Robot for Liquid Sampling.

Objective: This study aims to introduce a biopsy capsule robot based on the negative pressure suction principle to achieve liquid sampling in the digestive tract.

Methods: The proposed capsule robot is designed with a magnetic spring configuration. By controlling the direction of an external magnetic field, the suction port can be aligned with the target sampling area.

Designed Fabrication of SnO/InO/C Electrochemical Sensors for Coolant Leakage Detection in Energy Storage Systems.

The liquid cooling system for lithium iron phosphate battery modules usually faces the threat of coolant leakage, which would dramatically affect the heat transfer performance, safety, and efficiency of the energy storage system. Herein, electrochemical sensing technology has been first employed to detect coolant leakage. Specifically, ethanol is selected as the additive reagent and used as the main tested substance, and the sensors indirectly identify the coolant leakage by detecting the leaked ethanol.

MolGene-E: Inverse Molecular Design to Modulate Single Cell Transcriptomics.

Designing drugs that can restore a diseased cell to its healthy state is an emerging approach in systems pharmacology to address medical needs that conventional target-based drug discovery paradigms have failed to meet. Single-cell transcriptomics can comprehensively map the differences between diseased and healthy cellular states, making it a valuable technique for systems pharmacology. However, single-cell omics data is noisy, heterogeneous, scarce, and high-dimensional.

A novel antioxidant peptide from soybean meal alleviates HO-induced oxidative damage via the Keap1-Nrf2-HO-1 pathway.

As the main processing by-product of soybeans, the soybean meal has received increasing attention for its abundant proteins and nutritional values. However, most soybean meal is currently restricted to coarse livestock feed and lacks attention to its potential functional activities. This study aimed to explore the antioxidant activity and cytoprotective mechanism of bioactive peptides from soybean meal using a combined in vitro and in silico approach.

3D printed porous PEEK scaffolds with stable and durable gelatin composite hydrogel coating loaded Yoda1 for in vivo osseointegration.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has emerged as a promising material for bone substitution; however, its limited osseointegration hinders its clinical applications. This research employs a porous structural design alongside surface modification techniques to improve the osseointegration properties of PEEK. Porous PEEK scaffolds were fabricated via 3D printing technology, followed by the application of a stable coating of Yoda1-loaded methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) on their surfaces.

Cu-Catalyzed Synthesis of Symmetric Diarylamines from Organoboronic Acids Using NaNO as the Amino Source.

A copper-catalyzed novel synthesis of symmetric diarylamines was achieved from aryl boronic acids and NaNO. This protocol employs aryl boronic acids as the commercially available arylation reagents and sodium nitrite (NaNO) as the cheap, stable, and solid amino source. Under a simple ligand- and base-free copper catalytic system (CuCl as the sole catalyst), a wide range of symmetric diarylamines could be obtained in moderate to good yields.

Development and validation of intracranial hypertension prediction models based on radiomic features in patients with traumatic brain injury: an exploratory study based on CENTER-TBI data.

Background: Head computed tomography (CT) is a routinely performed examination to assess the intracranial condition of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and radiological findings can help to indicate the presence of intracranial hypertension. At present, the prediction of intracranial hypertension is mainly based on manual discrimination of imaging characteristics. The aim of our study was to establish a model to predict intracranial hypertension via fully automatic CT image segmentation, rigorous radiomic feature extraction and reliable model development and validation.

[A novel glycolysis-related prognostic risk model for colorectal cancer patients based on single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data].

Objective To explore the prognostic value of glycolysis-related genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and formulate a novel glycolysis-related prognostic risk model. Methods Single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data of CRC patients, along with clinical information, were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Glycolysis scores for each sample were calculated using single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA).

MCT4: a key player influencing gastric cancer metastasis and participating in the regulation of the metastatic immune microenvironment.

Background: MCT4 is a lactate transporter associated with glycolysis, which has been found to be associated with various tumorigenesis and development processes. Gastric cancer is a malignant disease with high incidence and mortality. The role of MCT4 in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer has not been clarified.

Prognostic value of the preoperative prognostic nutritional and systemic immunoinflammatory indexes in patients with colorectal cancer.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Although many prognostic indicators are currently available, it remains unclear which indicators are the most beneficial for patients with CRC. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify a simple, convenient and accurate prognostic indicator.

Associations of Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Genetic Susceptibility with Incident Asthma from a Cohort Study.

Maternal smoking during pregnancy exhibited an adverse influence on asthma, but its joint effect with genetic factors remained elusive. Moreover, whether there existed a moderating role of genetic susceptibility in this effect on childhood/adolescent-onset asthma (COA) and adult-out asthma (AOA) was unknown. We employed the UK Biobank cohort to estimate the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the risk of offspring asthma (41,828 AOA and 15,120 COA).

Imaging Gas-Involved Structural Dynamics by Environmental Electron Microscopy.

Understanding gas-involved physicochemical reactions is undoubtedly one of the most significant challenges in the modern chemical industry. To clarify how those reactions precede requires deep insights into the real-time visualization of reaction dynamics within a gas environment. The emergence and rapid development of in situ environmental electron microscopy (EEM) including scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) have enabled multiscale observation of dynamic gas-involved physicochemical reactions.

Effect of Brief Maternal Exposure to Bisphenol A on the Fetal Female Germline in a Mouse Model.

Background: Environmental contamination by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has created serious public health, ecological, and regulatory concerns. Prenatal exposures can affect a wide range of developing organ systems and are associated with adverse changes to behavior, metabolism, fertility, and disease risk in the adult. The most serious and puzzling observation for some EDC exposures is the transmission of effects to subsequent unexposed generations (transgenerational effects) in animal models.

Comparison of the effects of taurine and methionine supplementation on the nitrogen metabolism of beef steers elucidated through plasma metabolome profiling.

The objectives of the experiment were to compare the effects of rumen-protected taurine (RPT) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on the nitrogen (N) metabolism, plasma biochemical parameters, and metabolomics in beef steers and to clarify whether taurine plays similar roles as methionine (Met) in the regulation of N metabolism in beef steers. Six Simmental steers aged 12 months (liveweight 325 ± 7 kg) were used as experimental animals. The experimental treatments included a basal diet, the basal diet + 70.

A Multi-branch Attention-based Deep Learning Method for ALS Identification with sMRI Data.

The structural Magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) of spinal cord plays a significant role in the clinical diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). But due to small cross-sectional area in the axial plane and long sagittal/coronal expansion of spinal cord, the diagnosis of ALS using sMRI of spinal cord has remained largely at the stage of morphological observation. In this study, a Multi-branch attention-based deep learning method is proposed to solve this problem.

Generalized Cross-Domain Framework for Gesture Recognition via Wrist-Worn Sensing.

Wearable sensing technology offers a natural and convenient means of human-computer interaction, particularly for gesture recognition, yet domain shifts in wrist-worn single-site sensing pose significant challenges for cross-domain gesture recognition. To address this, we proposed a generalized cross-domain framework for fine-grained gesture recognition using wrist-worn single-site sensing. Concretely, we presented a Multi-Branch Network, which combines feature-level multimodal fusion with enhanced inter-modal interaction to effectively capture fine-grained gestures.