Publications by authors named "Shuo Niu"

Background: The relationship between pleural fluid volume and cytological diagnosis of malignancy has been often investigated with conflicting conclusions on whether or not a minimum fluid volume should be defined. The primary objective of this retrospective investigation is to evaluate the relationship between fluid volume and cytological diagnosis of malignancy.

Methods: A total of 511 body fluid specimen reports received between January 2018 and December 2019 were examined to investigate the relationship between diagnosis of malignancy to volume and biochemical properties.

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Article Synopsis
  • Lung cancer, particularly lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), is the most common cause of cancer death in the U.S. and requires careful monitoring after surgical removal due to high recurrence risk.
  • Traditional methods of assessing tumor grading are labor-intensive and may vary between observers, leading to inconsistencies in treatment planning.
  • This study introduces a deep learning model with a dual-attention architecture that effectively predicts the 5-year recurrence risk of LUAD post-surgery, outperforming existing methods and enhancing decision-making in patient treatment.
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Primary cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma (PCGD-TCL) is a rare yet highly aggressive subtype of primary cutaneous lymphoma. Characterized by its challenging diagnosis and poor prognosis, PCGD-TCL presents unique clinical and histopathological features that distinguish it from other primary cutaneous lymphoma subtypes. Here, we report the case of a 75-year-old man who initially presented with multiple erythematous indurated plaques over his back and bilateral lower extremities.

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Although multiple instance learning (MIL) methods are widely used for automatic tumor detection on whole slide images (WSI), they suffer from the extreme class imbalance WSIs containing small tumors where the tumor may include only a few isolated cells. For early detection, it is important that MIL algorithms can identify small tumors. Existing studies have attempted to address this issue using attention-based architectures and instance selection-based methodologies but have not produced significant improvements.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of the joints, characterized by chronic inflammation, cartilage destruction and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Aberrant chondrocyte hypertrophy promotes cartilage destruction and OA development. Collagen X, the biomarker of chondrocyte hypertrophy, is upregulated by runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), which is mediated by the bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4)/Smad1 signaling pathway.

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Current deep learning methods in histopathology are limited by the small amount of available data and time consumption in labeling the data. Colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor budding quantification performed using H&E-stained slides is crucial for cancer staging and prognosis but is subject to labor-intensive annotation and human bias. Thus, acquiring a large-scale, fully annotated dataset for training a tumor budding (TB) segmentation/detection system is difficult.

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Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis is an extremely rare and aggressive tumor that is frequently encountered in elderly patients. The diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis poses a diagnostic challenge due to its infrequency and nonspecific clinical presentation. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining are essential in differentiating this tumor from other para-testicular masses and establishing a definitive diagnosis.

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Endometrial stromal tumors (ESTs) are uncommon uterine mesenchymal lesions. Nuclear expression of β-catenin, an indication of activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, was described in 50% to 92% of low-grade ESTs, including endometrial stromal nodule and low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway leads to the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus and interaction with the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (LEF1) family of transcription factors to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival.

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Pseudoangiomatous spindle cell lipoma is a rare pattern within the spindle cell lipoma spectrum that exhibits a remarkable histological pattern characterized by its resemblance to vascular lesions, creating a pseudoangiomatous appearance. Approximately 20 to 30 reports have been described in the literature. In this context, we present an intriguing report of pseudoangiomatous spindle cell lipoma showcasing a unique low-fat pseudo angiomatous pattern in a 61-year-old male patient presented with a 6-cm subcutaneous mass on his right arm, which was thoroughly investigated and subsequently excised.

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Background Context: Multilevel cervical myelopathy is a common cause of spinal cord dysfunction in adults. Surgical intervention via laminoplasty can provide satisfactory clinical outcomes by expansive decompression of the spinal cord. Traditional suture or bone graft techniques have been associated with insufficient fixation, leading to premature closure and subsequent neurological deterioration.

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Lipid metabolism is a complex process that maintains the normal physiological function of the human body. The disorder of lipid metabolism has been implicated in various human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and bone diseases. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), an age-related degenerative disease in the musculoskeletal system, is characterized by high morbidity, high treatment cost, and chronic recurrence.

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A 36-year-old pregnant woman with a prior history of depression and recent gunshot wounds presented with sudden deterioration in her mental status. Clinical examination revealed psychosis, hallucinations, and lack of orientation, with an otherwise normal neurological and cardiorespiratory examination. Computed tomographic scan of her head was normal, and she was diagnosed with acute psychosis and excited delirium.

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Applying machine learning methods to resolve the cadmium (Cd) uptake characteristics of regional soil-wheat systems can contribute to the accuracy and rationality of risk decisions. Based on a regional survey, we constructed a Freundlich-type transfer equation, random forest (RF) model, and neural network (BPNN) model to predict wheat Cd enrichment factor (BCF-Cd); verified the prediction accuracy; and assessed the uncertainty of different models. The results showed that both RF (=0.

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Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, with over 40,000 deaths annually in the United States alone. Clinicians often rely on the breast cancer recurrence score, Oncotype DX (ODX), for risk stratification of breast cancer patients, by using ODX as a guide for personalized therapy. However, ODX and similar gene assays are expensive, time-consuming, and tissue destructive.

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The interaction of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) is an important research direction in the prevention and control of Cd pollution of wheat in recent years. In this study, a typical wheat field in North China was selected as the object to explore the control effect and application risk of Zn fertilizer on Cd pollution in a soil-wheat system through field experiments. The results showed that under the treatment of a low dosage of Zn, the Cd concentrations in wheat grains in Jiyuan City and Kaifeng City decreased by 33.

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Characterizing the lead (Pb) transfer in the "source-soil-wheat" chain is of great importance for the prevention and control of the Pb accumulation risk in wheat grain harvested from the croplands of China. In this study, we used the Jiyuan City, northern China, as a case study to investigate the influence of contamination sources and soil factors on the accumulation of Pb in wheat grain. A site-specific source risk assessment model (SRAM), coupling the positive matrix factorization model, Freundlich-type function, and the Monte Carlo simulation method, was developed to estimate the risk of Pb accumulation in wheat grain harvested from different scenarios.

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Talus osteochondral lesions are a commonly underdiagnosed problem in young athletes. Talus osteochondral lesions surgical algorithm remains controversial. Current metrics suggest that conventional treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus is promising; yet return to sport is poorly studied.

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Study Design: A retrospective study of prospective data.

Objective: Determine the correlation between cervical sagittal alignment, either preoperative or postoperative, and the outcomes of laminoplasty.

Summary Of Background Data: Cervical laminoplasty is a common surgical treatment for myelopathy.

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Background: The study design was a retrospective cohort study. The objective was to identify preoperative (preop) radiographic features that are associated with increased lordosis correction after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a single surgeon series of TLIF performed at L4-5 since 2010.

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Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Objectives: An increasing focus has been placed on removing implicit (unconscious) bias from the surgical selection process. In spine surgery, there is the potential for implicit bias to affect the decision to either operate on a patient or not, given lack of definitive surgical indications for many elective procedures.

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Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Reported incidences and complications of heterotopic ossification (HO) after using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) have been inconclusive. This study was designed to evaluate both incidences of radiologic and symptomatic HO in a large series of TLIFs using rhBMP-2.

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Study Design: A retrospective cohort of prospective data.

Objective: Determine the frequency of various symptoms in a surgical cohort of cervical myelopathy (CM).

Summary Of Background Data: CM can be difficult to diagnose as there is no sine qua non "myelopathic symptom.

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Shiga toxin (Stx)-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a life-threatening complication associated with Stx-producing Escherichia coli infection. One critical barrier of understanding HUS is how Stx transports from infected intestine to kidney to cause HUS. Passive dissemination seems unlikely, while circulating blood cells have been debated to serve as the toxin carrier.

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Phosphorous oxide (PO)-incorporated carbon nanotubes (PCNTs) and nitric acid treated carbon nanotubes (OCNTs) are first synthesized, then phosphorous modified palladium nanoparticles (Pd-P NPs) supported on PCNTs (Pd-P/PCNTs) and OCNTs (Pd-P/OCNTs) are synthesized and employed as electrocatalysts in a methanol oxidation reaction. Pd-P/PCNTs show enhanced electrocatalytic activity and stability in comparison to Pd-P/OCNTs. Combining surface analysis and electrochemical performance, PO incorporated into CNTs could create anchoring sites for Pd ions and P precursors, which could facilitate the synthesis of Pd-P NPs in an aqueous solution containing Pd ions and sodium hypophosphite serving as a reducing agent and a P source.

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Palladium (Pd)-catalyzed selective hydrogenation of alkynes has been one of the most studied hydrogenation reactions in the last century. However, kinetic studies conducted to reveal the catalyst's active centers have been hindered because of dynamic surface changes on Pd during the reaction. In the present study, bimetallic Pd-Au nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes have been synthesized at room temperature as catalysts for selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene, which show effectively enhanced selectivity compared to their monometallic counterparts.

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